Question

【题目】Chopsticks

When were chopsticks invented?

In fact, before the invention of chopsticks, Chinese ancestors actually used hands to eat, but how did they eat soup and porridge? 【1】 Chinese Started to use chopsticks about 3,000 years ago in the Shang Dynasty.

Who invented chopsticks?

The records of using chopsticks have been found in many written books but have no exact evidence. However, many stories are about the invention of chopsticks. One says that Jiang Ziya, an ancient wise man,created chopsticks. 【2】 But there is no exact historical record about the invention. We can only say that smart ancient Chinese invented chopsticks.

How to use Chinese chopsticks?

【3】 you can do it if you practice it for some time, even if you are a foreigner. The key to managing chopsticks is keeping one chopstick in position while moving the other to pick up food. Remember to practice with patience.

【4】

Chopsticks are usually held in the right hand, and left-handed chopstick use is considered as improper in China. Playing with chopsticks is thought to be impolite. It is considered to be polite and thoughtful to pick up food for the elderly and children.

A chopstick-themed museum in Shanghai

If you are truly interested in chopsticks, it will be a good choice for you to pay a visit to the Shanghai Chopsticks Museum. The museum gathered more than 2,000 pairs of chopsticks from China, Korea, Japan and Thailand.【5】

A. Which hand to hold chopsticks?

B. Chopstick manners in China.

C. Chopsticks were introduced to many other countries because of their lightness.

D. Using two slim sticks to pick up food is actually not difficult.

E. The oldest one among them was from Tang Dynasty.

F. There also go around some other stories.

G. They had to use sticks to eat them.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】G

【2】F

【3】D

【4】B

【5】E

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了筷子的什么时候被发明出来的，是谁发明了筷子，如何使用筷子以及使用筷子的礼仪等与筷子相关的话题。

【1】空格位于段中。空格前一句句意为：实际上，在筷子被被发明出来之前，中国的先人是用手吃饭的，但是他们如何吃粥和稀饭呢？选项G（他们不得不用木棍吃它们）与上句句意吻合。且选项G中的use与上句中的used呼应，其中的sticks与下句中的chopsticks也呼应。故选G。

【2】空格位于段中。根据本段的小标题“Who invented chopsticks?”可知，本段主要是围绕谁发明了筷子进行展开的。空格前两句句意为：然而，关于筷子的发明的故事有很多。其中一个说是中国古代一位很有智慧的人，姜子牙发明了筷子。选项F中的other stories与上两句中的stories呼应，且句意（还有其它的故事）也与上两句句意吻合。故选F。

【3】空格位于段首。根据本段的小标题“How to use Chinese chopsticks?”可知，本段主要是围绕如何使用筷子进行展开的。选项D（用两根细木棍挑起食物其实并不难）与这一小标题呼应，讲述的是如何使用筷子。故选D。

【4】空格位于小标题处。根据文章结构，可知，这个空格处句子是下面一个小段落的中心话题。由下面段落中的“Chopsticks are usually held in the right hand, and left-handed chopstick use is considered as improper in China.（筷子经常是抓在右手中，在中国用左手使用筷子被认为是不合适的）”以及“impolite（不礼貌的）”、“be polite and thoughtful（礼貌的并周全的）”可知，这段话讲述使用筷子的礼仪。选项B（中国的筷子礼仪）与段落内容符合。故选B。

【5】空格位于段尾。空格前一句句意为：博物馆收集了来自于中国、朝鲜、日本以及泰国的2000多双筷子。选项E中的“them”可与上句中的“more than 2000 pairs of chopsticks”形成呼应。且句意“它们中最老的一双来自于唐代。”与上句句意符合。故选E。

七选五题目主要考查学生综合的英语逻辑思维能力。一篇好的短文，不仅在内容上要前后一致，而且还要语篇结构清晰，上下文逻辑意义严谨。内容的前后一致体现在段内及语篇内话题的自然过渡。语篇结构主要体现为：文章是总分结构，还是按时间或空间顺序发展的，还是辩证三段论的编排的。逻辑意义的严谨最主要的可以通过代词、连词和副词等形式来体现。例如本文通过看首段及后续段落的小标题可知：这篇文章总体上是总分的形式，每个段落内部都是围绕本段的小标题展开的。本题中的第四题就可利用段落小标题间句式的一致性以及标题内容与段落内内容一致的原则解题；第三题也是需要采用段落内容与中心句一致的原则解题方法解题；第一、二、五题采用上下句逻辑关系的一致性解题。具体解题步骤参看详解。所以拿到一篇文章，同学们首先要根据篇章类型与空格位置推断使用什么方法解题，有助于加快解题速度。