题目内容
(1)历史上第一次利用加速器实现的核反应,是用加速后动能为0.5MeV的质子![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_ST/0.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_ST/1.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_ST/2.png)
①上述核反应方程为______1H+
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_ST/3.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_ST/4.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_ST/5.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_ST/images6.png)
【答案】分析:(1)根据电荷数守恒、质量数守恒列出核反应方程.根据爱因斯坦质能方程△E=△mc2求出质量亏损.
(2)根据机械能守恒定律求出A球与B球碰撞前的速度,根据动量守恒、机械能守恒求出碰撞后两球的速度,根据高度求出平抛运动的时间,从而求出平抛运动的水平位移之差.
解答:(1)解:①核反应方程为:
H+
X→
He+
He 或
H+
Li→
He+
He
②
kg=3.1×10-29kg.
故答案为:
H+
X→
He+
He,3.1×10-29kg.
(2)解:A球下滑到与B球碰撞前机械能守恒,则:
2mgR=
(2m)v2
v=![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/14.png)
A球与B球发生弹性碰撞,动量守恒,机械能守恒,则:
2m v=2m vA+m vB
(2m)v2=
(2m) vA2+
m vB2
弹性碰撞后,A球与B球做平抛运动:
R=
gt2
x=vt
则A、B两球落地点的水平距离
△x=(vB-vA)t=2R
答:A、B两球落地点的水平距离为2R.
点评:本题考查了爱因斯坦质能方程、动量守恒定律、机械能守恒等知识点,难度不大,但是综合性较强,需加强这类题型的训练.
(2)根据机械能守恒定律求出A球与B球碰撞前的速度,根据动量守恒、机械能守恒求出碰撞后两球的速度,根据高度求出平抛运动的时间,从而求出平抛运动的水平位移之差.
解答:(1)解:①核反应方程为:
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/0.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/1.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/2.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/3.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/4.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/5.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/6.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/7.png)
②
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/8.png)
故答案为:
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/9.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/10.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/11.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/12.png)
(2)解:A球下滑到与B球碰撞前机械能守恒,则:
2mgR=
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/13.png)
v=
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/14.png)
A球与B球发生弹性碰撞,动量守恒,机械能守恒,则:
2m v=2m vA+m vB
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/15.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/16.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/17.png)
弹性碰撞后,A球与B球做平抛运动:
R=
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic6/res/gzwl/web/STSource/20131029194839688917917/SYS201310291948396889179014_DA/18.png)
x=vt
则A、B两球落地点的水平距离
△x=(vB-vA)t=2R
答:A、B两球落地点的水平距离为2R.
点评:本题考查了爱因斯坦质能方程、动量守恒定律、机械能守恒等知识点,难度不大,但是综合性较强,需加强这类题型的训练.
![](http://thumb2018.1010pic.com/images/loading.gif)
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