题目内容
我国第一颗月球探测卫星“嫦娥一号”已于2007年10月24日在西昌卫星发射中心由“长征三号甲”运载火箭成功发射升空.假设该卫星的绕月轨道是圆形的,且距离月球表面高度为h,并已知该卫星的运行周期为T,月球直径为d,万有引力常量为G,则可求出
A.月球质量![]() |
B.月球探测卫星“嫦娥一号”在离月球表面h高度轨道上运行的速度v =πd/T |
C.月球探测卫星“嫦娥一号”绕月轨道的半径r = d + h |
D.月球表面的重力加速度![]() |
A
分析:A、根据万有引力提供向心力G
=mr(
)2,求出中心天体月球的质量.
B、根据v=
求出卫星运行的线速度.
C、轨道半径等于卫星到月球球心的距离.
D、根据万有引力等于重力G
=mg,求出月球表面的重力加速度.
解答:解:A、G
=m(
+h)(
)2,得M=M=
.故A正确.
B、探测卫星“嫦娥一号”在离月球表面h高度轨道上运行的速度v=
=
.故B错误.
C、轨道半径等于卫星到月球球心的距离,即r=
+h.故C错误.
D、根据万有引力等于重力G
=mg,g=
=
.故D错误.
故选A.
点评:解决本题的关键掌握万有引力提供向心力G
=mr(
)2,以及万有引力等于重力
G
=mg.
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824123220140640.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824123220171508.png)
B、根据v=
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824123220203573.png)
C、轨道半径等于卫星到月球球心的距离.
D、根据万有引力等于重力G
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824123220249671.png)
解答:解:A、G
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408241232202651007.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824123220296429.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824123220171508.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408241232203591027.png)
B、探测卫星“嫦娥一号”在离月球表面h高度轨道上运行的速度v=
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824123220405879.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824123220624798.png)
C、轨道半径等于卫星到月球球心的距离,即r=
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824123220296429.png)
D、根据万有引力等于重力G
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824123220249671.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824123220702580.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408241232207171046.png)
故选A.
点评:解决本题的关键掌握万有引力提供向心力G
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824123220140640.png)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824123220171508.png)
G
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824123220249671.png)
![](http://thumb2018.1010pic.com/images/loading.gif)
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