题目内容
已知氢原子处于基态时,原子的能量E1=-13.6 eV,电子的轨道半径为r1=0.53×10-10 m;而量子数为n的能级值为
,半径
.试问(结果保留两位有效数字):
(1)若要使处于n=2的激发态的氢原子电离,至少要用频率多大的光照射氢原子?
(2)氢原子处于n=2能级时,电子在轨道上运动的动能和电子的电势能各为多少?
(静电力常量k=9×109 N·m2/C2,电子电荷量e=1.6×10-19 C,普朗克常量h=6.63×
10-34 J·s)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824122244125488.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824122244125398.gif)
(1)若要使处于n=2的激发态的氢原子电离,至少要用频率多大的光照射氢原子?
(2)氢原子处于n=2能级时,电子在轨道上运动的动能和电子的电势能各为多少?
(静电力常量k=9×109 N·m2/C2,电子电荷量e=1.6×10-19 C,普朗克常量h=6.63×
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/2014082412224414065.gif)
(1)![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824122244172491.gif)
(2)电子的动能为:
(或3.4eV)
电子的势能为:
(或-6
.8eV)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824122244172491.gif)
(2)电子的动能为:
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824122244172564.gif)
电子的势能为:
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824122244406612.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/2014082412224454671.gif)
(1)氢原子处于n=2激发态时,原子的能量为
……………………………(1分)
要使其发生电离,至少要吸收能量
……………………………(1分)
则最小频率
…………(2分)
(2)氢原子处于n=2激发态时,有
……………………………(1分)
……………………………(1分)
则电子的动能为:
(或3.4eV)…………(1分)
电子的势能为:
(或-6
.8eV)…………(1分)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824122244577358.gif)
要使其发生电离,至少要吸收能量
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824122244593485.gif)
则最小频率
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408241222446081342.gif)
(2)氢原子处于n=2激发态时,有
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824122244624574.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824122244640286.gif)
则电子的动能为:
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824122244655909.gif)
电子的势能为:
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824122244671738.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/2014082412224468671.gif)
![](http://thumb2018.1010pic.com/images/loading.gif)
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