题目内容
某市居民自来水收费标准如下:每户每月用水不超过4吨时,每吨为1.80元,当用水超过4吨时,超过部分每吨3.00元,某月甲、乙两户共交水费y元,已知甲、乙两户该月用水量分别为5x吨、3x吨.
(1)求y关于x的函数;
(2)若甲、乙两户该月共交水费26.4元,分别求出甲、乙两户该月的用水量和水费.
(1)求y关于x的函数;
(2)若甲、乙两户该月共交水费26.4元,分别求出甲、乙两户该月的用水量和水费.
(1)
(2)甲户用水量为5x=7.5吨,
付费S1=4×1.8+3.5×3=17.70(元);
乙户用水量为3x=4.5吨,
付费S2=4×1.8+0.5×3=8.70(元).

(2)甲户用水量为5x=7.5吨,
付费S1=4×1.8+3.5×3=17.70(元);
乙户用水量为3x=4.5吨,
付费S2=4×1.8+0.5×3=8.70(元).
解:(1)当甲户的用水量不超过4吨时,即x≤
,乙户的用水量也不超过4吨,y=(5x+3x)×1.8=14.4x;
当甲户的用水量超过4吨,乙户的用水量不超过4吨时,
即
<x≤
,
y=4×1.8+3x×1.8+3×(5x-4)=20.4x-4.8,
当乙户的用水量超过4吨时,即x>
,
y=8×1.8+3×(8x-8)=24x-9.6,
所以
(2)由(1)可知y=f(x)在各段区间上均为单调递增,
当x∈[0,
]时,
y≤f(
)=11.52<26.4;
当x∈(
,
]时,
y≤f(
)=22.4<26.4;
当x∈(
,+∞)时,
令24x-9.6=26.4,解得x=1.5,
所以甲户用水量为5x=7.5吨,
付费S1=4×1.8+3.5×3=17.70(元);
乙户用水量为3x=4.5吨,
付费S2=4×1.8+0.5×3=8.70(元).

当甲户的用水量超过4吨,乙户的用水量不超过4吨时,
即


y=4×1.8+3x×1.8+3×(5x-4)=20.4x-4.8,
当乙户的用水量超过4吨时,即x>

y=8×1.8+3×(8x-8)=24x-9.6,
所以

(2)由(1)可知y=f(x)在各段区间上均为单调递增,
当x∈[0,

y≤f(

当x∈(


y≤f(

当x∈(

令24x-9.6=26.4,解得x=1.5,
所以甲户用水量为5x=7.5吨,
付费S1=4×1.8+3.5×3=17.70(元);
乙户用水量为3x=4.5吨,
付费S2=4×1.8+0.5×3=8.70(元).

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