题目内容
(2012•自贡一模)已知函数f(x)的定义域为[0,1],且同时满足:①对于任意x∈[0,1],总有f(x)≥3;②f(1)=4;③若x1≥0,x2≥0,x1+x2≤1,则有f(x1+x2)≥f(x1)+f(x2)-3.
(I)求f(0)的值;
(II)求函数f(x)的最大值;
(III)设数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,满足a1=1,Sn=-
(an-3),n∈N*,求证:f(a1)+f(a2)+…+f(an)<
log3
.
(I)求f(0)的值;
(II)求函数f(x)的最大值;
(III)设数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,满足a1=1,Sn=-
1 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
27 | ||
|
分析:(Ⅰ)直接取x1=0,x2=0利用f(x1+x2)≥f(x1)+f(x2)-3可得:f(0)≤3,再结合已知条件f(0)≥3即可求得f(0)=3;
(Ⅱ)由0≤x1<x2≤1,则0<x2-x1<1,故有f(x2)=f[(x2-x1)+x1]≥f(x2-x1)+f(x1)-3>f(x1),即f(x)在[0,1]内是增函数,故函数f(x)的最大值为f(1);
(Ⅲ)先证明数列{an}是以a1=1为首项,公比为
的等比数列,进而可得f(1)=f[3n-1
]=f[
+(3n-1-1)×
]≥f(
)+f[(3n-1-1)×
]-3≥…,即 4≥3n-1f(
)-3n+3,即f(an)≤3+
,从而可证不等式.
(Ⅱ)由0≤x1<x2≤1,则0<x2-x1<1,故有f(x2)=f[(x2-x1)+x1]≥f(x2-x1)+f(x1)-3>f(x1),即f(x)在[0,1]内是增函数,故函数f(x)的最大值为f(1);
(Ⅲ)先证明数列{an}是以a1=1为首项,公比为
1 |
3 |
1 |
3n-1 |
1 |
3n-1 |
1 |
3n-1 |
1 |
3n-1 |
1 |
3n-1 |
1 |
3n-1 |
1 |
3n-1 |
解答:(Ⅰ) 解:令x1=x2=0,则有f(0)≥2f(0)-3,即f(0)≤3
又对于任意x∈[0,1],总有f(x)≥3,
∴f(0)=3 (3分)
(Ⅱ)解:任取x1,x2∈[0,1],x1<x2,
f(x2)=f[(x2-x1)+x1]≥f(x2-x1)+f(x1)-3
∵0≤x1<x2≤1,则0<x2-x1<1,
∴f(x2-x1)≥3
∴f(x2)≥f(x1)+3-3=f(x1),即f(x)在[0,1]上递增.
∴当x∈[0,1]时,f(x)≤f(1)=4
∴f(x)的最大值为4 (6分)
(Ⅲ)证明:当n>1时,an=Sn-Sn-1=-
(an-3)-
(an-1-3),
∴
=
∴数列{an}是以a1=1为首项,公比为
的等比数列.
∴an=
(8分)
f(1)=f[3n-1
]=f[
+(3n-1-1)×
]≥f(
)+f[(3n-1-1)×
]-3≥…
即 4≥3n-1f(
)-3n+3.(10分)
∴f(
)≤
=3+
,即f(an)≤3+
.
∴f(a1)+f(a2)+…+f(an)≤(3+
)+(3+
)+…+(3+
)
=3n+
=3n+
-
<3n+
=3(n+
).
又
log3
=
log333•32n-2=
(2n+1)=3(n+
),
∴原不等式成立.(14分)
又对于任意x∈[0,1],总有f(x)≥3,
∴f(0)=3 (3分)
(Ⅱ)解:任取x1,x2∈[0,1],x1<x2,
f(x2)=f[(x2-x1)+x1]≥f(x2-x1)+f(x1)-3
∵0≤x1<x2≤1,则0<x2-x1<1,
∴f(x2-x1)≥3
∴f(x2)≥f(x1)+3-3=f(x1),即f(x)在[0,1]上递增.
∴当x∈[0,1]时,f(x)≤f(1)=4
∴f(x)的最大值为4 (6分)
(Ⅲ)证明:当n>1时,an=Sn-Sn-1=-
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
∴
an |
an-1 |
1 |
3 |
∴数列{an}是以a1=1为首项,公比为
1 |
3 |
∴an=
1 |
3n-1 |
f(1)=f[3n-1
1 |
3n-1 |
1 |
3n-1 |
1 |
3n-1 |
1 |
3n-1 |
1 |
3n-1 |
即 4≥3n-1f(
1 |
3n-1 |
∴f(
1 |
3n-1 |
3n+1 |
3n-1 |
1 |
3n-1 |
1 |
3n-1 |
∴f(a1)+f(a2)+…+f(an)≤(3+
1 |
31-1 |
1 |
32-1 |
1 |
3n-1 |
=3n+
1×[1-(
| ||
1-
|
3 |
2 |
1 |
2×3n-1 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
又
3 |
2 |
27 | ||
|
3 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
∴原不等式成立.(14分)
点评:本题主要是在新定义下对抽象函数进行考查,在做关于新定义的题目时,一定要先研究定义,在理解定义的基础上再做题.解题时要认真审题,合理运用条件.
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