题目内容
已知a≥0,函数f(x)=(x2-2ax)ex,
(Ⅰ)当x为何值时,f(x)取得最小值?证明你的结论;
(Ⅱ)设f(x)在[-1,1]上是单调函数,求a的取值范围。
(Ⅰ)当x为何值时,f(x)取得最小值?证明你的结论;
(Ⅱ)设f(x)在[-1,1]上是单调函数,求a的取值范围。
解:(Ⅰ)令f′(x)=0,即[x2-2(a-1)x-2a]ex=0,
∴x2-2(a-1)x-2a=0,
∵△=[2(a-1)]2+8a=4(a2+1)>0,
∴x1=
,x2=
,
又∵当x∈(-∞,
)时,f′(x)>0;
当x∈(
,
)时,f′(x)<0;
当x∈(
,+∞)时,f′(x)>0,
∴x1,x2分别为f (x)的极大值与极小值点,
又∵
;当x→+∞时,f (x)→+∞,
而
,
∴当x=
时,f (x)取得最小值。
(Ⅱ)f (x)在[-1,1]上单调,则f′(x)≥0(或≤0)在[-1,1]上恒成立,
而f′(x)=[x2-2(a-1)x-2a]ex,
令g(x)= x2-2(a-1)x-2a=[x-(a-1)]2-(a2+1),
∴f′(x)≥0(或≤0)即g(x)≥0(或≤0),
当g(x)≥0在[-1,1]上恒成立时,有
①当-1≤a-1≤1即0≤a≤2时,g(x)min=g(a-1)=-(a2+1)≥0(舍);
②当a-1>1即a≥2时,g(x)min=g(1)=3-4a≥0,∴a≤
(舍);
当g(x)≤0在[-1,1]上恒成立时,有
①当-1≤a-1≤0即0≤a≤1时,g(x)max=g(1)=3-4a ≤0,∴
≤a≤1;
②当0<a-1≤1即1<a≤2时,g(x)max=g(-1)=-1≤0,∴1<a≤2;
③当1<a-1即a>2时,g(x)max=g(-1)=-1≤0,∴a>2;
故a∈[
,+∞) 。
∴x2-2(a-1)x-2a=0,
∵△=[2(a-1)]2+8a=4(a2+1)>0,
∴x1=
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又∵当x∈(-∞,
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当x∈(
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当x∈(
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∴x1,x2分别为f (x)的极大值与极小值点,
又∵
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而
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∴当x=
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(Ⅱ)f (x)在[-1,1]上单调,则f′(x)≥0(或≤0)在[-1,1]上恒成立,
而f′(x)=[x2-2(a-1)x-2a]ex,
令g(x)= x2-2(a-1)x-2a=[x-(a-1)]2-(a2+1),
∴f′(x)≥0(或≤0)即g(x)≥0(或≤0),
当g(x)≥0在[-1,1]上恒成立时,有
①当-1≤a-1≤1即0≤a≤2时,g(x)min=g(a-1)=-(a2+1)≥0(舍);
②当a-1>1即a≥2时,g(x)min=g(1)=3-4a≥0,∴a≤

当g(x)≤0在[-1,1]上恒成立时,有
①当-1≤a-1≤0即0≤a≤1时,g(x)max=g(1)=3-4a ≤0,∴

②当0<a-1≤1即1<a≤2时,g(x)max=g(-1)=-1≤0,∴1<a≤2;
③当1<a-1即a>2时,g(x)max=g(-1)=-1≤0,∴a>2;
故a∈[
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