题目内容
4.解方程组$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{{x}^{2}+{y}^{2}=52}\\{xy+x+y=34}\end{array}\right.$.分析 令x+y=a,xy=b,可得x2+y2=(x+y)2-2xy=a2-2b,原方程组变为:$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{{a}^{2}-2b=52}\\{a+b=34}\end{array}\right.$.由a+b=34可得:b=34-a,代入a2-2b=52,解得a,b,再利用一元二次方程的根与系数的关系即可得出.
解答 解:令x+y=a,xy=b,
则x2+y2=(x+y)2-2xy=a2-2b,
∴原方程组变为:$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{{a}^{2}-2b=52}\\{a+b=34}\end{array}\right.$,
由a+b=34可得:b=34-a,
代入a2-2b=52,化为a2+2a-120=0,
解得a=10,或a=-12.
∴$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{a=10}\\{b=24}\end{array}\right.$,或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{a=-12}\\{b=46}\end{array}\right.$.
∴$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x+y=10}\\{xy=24}\end{array}\right.$,或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x+y=-12}\\{xy=46}\end{array}\right.$,
由此可把x,y分别看做以下一元二次方程的两个实数根:
t2-10t+24=0,t2+12t-46=0,
分别解得t=4,6;t=-6±$\sqrt{82}$.
∴原方程组的解为$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=4}\\{y=6}\end{array}\right.$,$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=6}\\{y=4}\end{array}\right.$,$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=-6+\sqrt{82}}\\{y=-6-\sqrt{82}}\end{array}\right.$,$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=-6-\sqrt{82}}\\{y=-6+\sqrt{82}}\end{array}\right.$.
点评 本题考查了一元二次方程的根与系数的关系、方程组的解法、换元法,考查了推理能力与计算能力,属于中档题.
广告费用x | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
销售额y | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 50 |
(2)据此估计广告费用为6万元时的销售收入y(万元)的值.
(参考公式中$\widehat{b}$=$\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}{x}_{i}{y}_{i}-n\overline{x}\overline{y}}{\sum_{i=1}^{n}{{x}_{i}}^{2}-n{\overline{x}}^{2}}$=$\frac{\overline{xy}-\overline{x}\overline{y}}{\overline{{x}^{2}}-{\overline{x}}^{2}}$,$\widehat{a}$=$\overline{y}$-b$\overline{x}$,其中$\overline{x},\overline{y}$表示的样本平均值)
A. | $\frac{1}{3}$ | B. | $\frac{3}{7}$ | C. | $\frac{5}{7}$ | D. | $\frac{4}{5}$ |