题目内容
已知﹛an﹜是以a为首项,q为公比的等比数列,Sn为它的前n项和.
(Ⅰ)当S1,S3,S4成等差数列时,求q的值;
(Ⅱ)当Sm,Sn,Sl成等差数列时,求证:对任意自然数k,am+k ,an+k,al+k也成等差数列.
(Ⅰ)当S1,S3,S4成等差数列时,求q的值;
(Ⅱ)当Sm,Sn,Sl成等差数列时,求证:对任意自然数k,am+k ,an+k,al+k也成等差数列.
(Ⅰ)由已知得出an=a1q n-1,S3=a1+a2+a3=a1(1+q+q2),S4=a1+a2+a3+a4=a1(1+q+q2+q3),
根据S1,S3,S4成等差数列得出2S3=S1+S4,
代入整理并化简,约去q和a1,得q2-q-1=0,
解得q=
;
(Ⅱ)当q=1时,该数列为常数列,若Sm,Sn,Sl成等差数列,则也有am+k,an+k,a1+k成等差数列;
若q≠1,由Sm,Sn,S1成等差数列,则有2Sn=S1+Sm,
即有
=
+
,
整理化简得2qn-1=qm-1+ql-1,两边同乘以a1,得2a1qn-1=a1qm-1+a1ql-1,即2an=am+al,
两边同乘以qk即可得到2an+k=am+k+al+k,
即am+k ,an+k,al+k成等差数列.
根据S1,S3,S4成等差数列得出2S3=S1+S4,
代入整理并化简,约去q和a1,得q2-q-1=0,
解得q=
1±
| ||
2 |
(Ⅱ)当q=1时,该数列为常数列,若Sm,Sn,Sl成等差数列,则也有am+k,an+k,a1+k成等差数列;
若q≠1,由Sm,Sn,S1成等差数列,则有2Sn=S1+Sm,
即有
2a1(1-qn) |
1-q |
a1(1-qm) |
1-q |
a1(1-ql) |
1-q |
整理化简得2qn-1=qm-1+ql-1,两边同乘以a1,得2a1qn-1=a1qm-1+a1ql-1,即2an=am+al,
两边同乘以qk即可得到2an+k=am+k+al+k,
即am+k ,an+k,al+k成等差数列.
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