ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿Ñо¿ÕßÔÚ´ó¶¹Í»±äÌå¿âÖÐɸѡ³ö´¿ºÏÍ»±äÌå¼×£¬²¢¶ÔÆäÕ¹¿ªÑо¿¡£
£¨1£©¦ÃÉäÏßÕÕÉä¿ÉÓÕµ¼´ó¶¹·¢Éú»ùÒòÍ»±ä»ò__________£¬Êǹ¹½¨´ó¶¹Í»±äÌå¿â³£ÓõÄ__________ÒòËØÓձ䷽·¨¡£Í»±äÌå¼×±íÏÖΪҶÖåËõÐÍ£¬ÈçÏÂͼ¡£
£¨2£©ÒÔÍ»±äÌå¼×ÓëÒ°ÉúÐÍ´ó¶¹ÎªÇ×±¾£¬½øÐÐÕý·´½»»ñµÃF1¡£²ÉÓÃÌØÒìÐÔÒýÎï¶ÔÁ½Ç×±¾»ùÒò×éDNA ½øÐÐPCRÀ©ÔöµÃµ½Á½Ç×±¾µÄ²îÒìÐÔÌõ´ø£¬¿ÉÓÃÓÚÔÓÖÖÖ²ÖêµÄ¼ø¶¨¡£ÏÂͼÊÇÓøÃÒýÎï¶ÔË«Ç×¼°F1Ö²Öê½øÐÐPCRÀ©ÔöµÄ½á¹û¡£
¾Ý½á¹ûÅжϣ¬1¡«10ÖÐ__________ÊÇÔÓ½»³É¹¦»ñµÃµÄF1Ö²ÖꣻÍƲâF1ÖгöÏÖÆäËüÖ²ÖêµÄÔÒòÊÇ__________¡£F1×Ô½»ÊÕ»ñF2£¬·¢ÏÖÍ»±äÐÍ124Öê¡¢Ò°ÉúÐÍ380Ö꣬˵Ã÷Í»±äÌå¼×Ò¶ÐÍÍ»±äµÄÒÅ´«·ûºÏÃϵ¶ûµÄ__________¶¨ÂÉ¡£
£¨3£©Ñо¿·¢ÏÖÍ»±äÌå¼×ÊÇ7ºÅȾɫÌåƬ¶Îȱʧµ¼Öµģ¬Ô¤²â¸Ãȱʧ·¶Î§ÄÚÓÐ6¸ö»ùÒò£¨¼ÇΪ»ùÒò1¡«6£©×îÓпÉÄÜÓë¼×µÄÒ¶ÖåËõÓйأ¬¶øÕâ6¸ö»ùÒòÔÚ8ºÅȾɫÌåÉϾùÓй¦ÄÜÀàËƵĻùÒò£¨¼ÇΪ»ùÒò1£§¡«6£§£©¡£ÎªÈ·¶¨»ùÒò1¡«6ÖÐÓë¼×µÄÒ¶ÖåËõÖ±½ÓÏà¹ØµÄ»ùÒò£¬Ñо¿Õß´ÓÒ°ÉúÐÍ__________ϸ°ûÖÐÌáÈ¡×ÜRNA£¬Äæת¼»ñµÃ__________×÷ΪPCRÄ£°å£¬¸ù¾ÝÉÏÊö»ùÒòÉè¼ÆÒýÎï½øÐÐÀ©Ôö¡£½á¹û·¢ÏÖÖ»À©Ôö³ö»ùÒò1¡«4£¬ÒÔ¼°»ùÒò1£§¡¢3£§¡¢5£§¡¢6£§£¬¹ÊËø¶¨»ùÒò__________×÷ΪÖصãÑо¿¶ÔÏ󣬺óÃüÃûΪ»ùÒòPºÍ»ùÒòQ¡£
£¨4£©Ñо¿Õß½«Í¬ÎªÒ¶ÖåËõ±íÐ͵ÄÍ»±äÌåÒÒÓëÍ»±äÌå¼×ÔÓ½»£¬×Ó´ú¾ù±íÏÖΪҶÖåËõ£¬ËµÃ÷Í»±äÌåÒÒÓëÍ»±äÌå¼×µÄÍ»±äλµãÊÇ__________£¨Ïàͬ/²»Í¬£©µÄ¡£½øÒ»²½¶ÔÍ»±äÌåÒҵĻùÒò²âÐò£¬·¢ÏÖ½öÓлùÒòQ·¢ÉúÍ»±ä¡£ÎªÈ·¶¨»ùÒòQµÄ¹¦ÄÜ£¬½«¸Ã»ùÒòתÈë__________µÄ´ó¶¹ÖУ¬Èô·¢ÏÖ__________£¬Ôò¿É֤ʵ»ùÒòQÓëҶƬÕý³£·¢ÓýÖ±½ÓÏà¹Ø¡£
£¨5£©Ñо¿·¢ÏÖ»ùÒòQÓë´ó¶¹Ò¶±íƤ½ÇÖʲãµÄ·¢Óý¹ý³ÌÓйأ¬½ÇÖʲã¾ßÓб£Ë®¡¢µÖ¿¹²¡¾úºÍÀ¥³æÇÖÏ®µÈ×÷Óá£ÇëÔ¤ÆÚ¸ÃÑо¿µÄÓ¦ÓüÛÖµ£º__________¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿È¾É«Ìå±äÒì ÎïÀí 3¡¢4¡¢7¡¢9 Ç×±¾·¢Éú×Ô½» »ùÒò·ÖÀë ҶƬ cDNA 2¡¢4 Ïàͬ »ùÒòQÍ»±äÌ壨ͻ±äÌåÒÒ£© ת»ùÒòµÄÍ»±äÌåÒ¶±íÐͻָ´ÎªÒ°ÉúÐÍ ¶ÔÅàÓý¿¹ºµ¡¢¿¹²¡³æµÄ´ó¶¹ÐÂÆ·ÖÖ¾ßÓÐÖØÒªÒâÒå
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
±¾ÌâÒÔͼÎĽáºÏΪÇé¾³£¬¿¼²éѧÉú¶Ô»ùÒòÍ»±ä¡¢»ùÒò¹¤³Ì²Ù×÷µÄ»ù±¾³ÌÐò¡¢»ùÒòµÄ·ÖÀ붨ÂɵÈÏà¹Ø֪ʶµÄʶ¼ÇºÍÀí½âÄÜÁ¦£¬ÒÔ¼°»ñÈ¡ÐÅÏ¢¡¢·ÖÎöÎÊÌâµÄÄÜÁ¦¡£
(1) ¦ÃÉäÏßÊôÓÚÎïÀíÓÕ±äÒòËØ¡£ÓæÃÉäÏßÕÕÉä¿ÉÓÕµ¼´ó¶¹·¢Éú»ùÒòÍ»±ä»òȾɫÌå±äÒì¡£
(2) ÒÀÌâÒâºÍ·ÖÎöͼʾ¿ÉÖª£ºÍ»±äÌå¼×ºÍÒ°ÉúÐʹ󶹾ùΪ´¿ºÏ×Ó£¬¸÷×Ôº¬ÓÐÒ»ÌõDNAÌõ´ø£¬µ«¶þÕߺ¬ÓеÄDNAÌõ´ø²»Í¬¡£ÒÔÍ»±äÌå¼×ÓëÒ°ÉúÐÍ´ó¶¹ÎªÇ×±¾£¬½øÐÐÕý·´½»£¬ÀíÂÛÉÏ»ñµÃµÄF1Ö²ÖêÖУ¬¼ÈÓÐÍ»±äÌå¼×µÄDNAÌõ´ø£¬ÓÖÓÐÒ°ÉúÐʹ󶹵ÄDNAÌõ´ø£¬¾Ý´Ë¿ÉÍÆÖª£ºÔÚ1¡«10ÖУ¬3¡¢4¡¢7¡¢9ÊÇÔÓ½»³É¹¦»ñµÃµÄF1Ö²Öê¡£1¡¢5¡¢10µÄDNAÌõ´øÓëÍ»±äÌå¼×Ïàͬ£¬ÊÇÍ»±äÌå¼××Ô½»²úÉúµÄ×Ó´ú£»2¡¢6¡¢8µÄDNAÌõ´øÓëÒ°ÉúÐÍ´ó¶¹Ïàͬ£¬ÊÇÒ°ÉúÐÍ´ó¶¹×Ô½»²úÉúµÄ×Ó´ú¡£¿É¼û£¬F1ÖгöÏÖÆäËüÖ²ÖêµÄÔÒòÊÇÇ×±¾·¢Éú×Ô½»¡£F1×Ô½»ÊÕ»ñµÄF2ÖУ¬Í»±äÐÍ¡ÃÒ°ÉúÐÍ£½124¡Ã380¡Ö1¡Ã3£¬ËµÃ÷F1µÄÒ¶ÐÍÊÇÓÉÒ»¶ÔµÈλ»ùÒò¿ØÖƵģ¬ÇÒÒ¶ÖåËõΪÒþÐÔÐÔ×´£¬Í»±äÌå¼×Ò¶ÐÍÍ»±äµÄÒÅ´«·ûºÏÃϵ¶ûµÄ·ÖÀ붨ÂÉ¡£
(3) ÒÑ֪ͻ±äÌå¼×µÄ7ºÅȾɫÌåƬ¶Îȱʧ·¶Î§ÄÚÓÐ6¸ö»ùÒò£¨¼ÇΪ»ùÒò1¡«6£©×îÓпÉÄÜÓë¼×µÄÒ¶ÖåËõÓйأ¬¶øÕâ6¸ö»ùÒòÔÚ8ºÅȾɫÌåÉϾùÓй¦ÄÜÀàËƵĻùÒò£¨¼ÇΪ»ùÒò1£§¡«6£§£©¡£ÓÉÓÚ¿ØÖÆÒ¶Ð͵ĻùÒòÔÚҶƬϸ°ûÖбí´ï£¬ËùÒÔΪȷ¶¨»ùÒò1¡«6ÖÐÓë¼×µÄÒ¶ÖåËõÖ±½ÓÏà¹ØµÄ»ùÒò£¬Ó¦ÒÔ´ÓÒ°ÉúÐÍҶƬϸ°ûÖÐÌáÈ¡µÄ×ÜRNAΪģ°å£¬ÔÙÒÔͨ¹ýÄæת¼»ñµÃµÄcDNA×÷ΪPCRÄ£°å£¬¸ù¾ÝÉÏÊö»ùÒòÉè¼ÆÒýÎï½øÐÐÀ©Ôö¡£ÒÀ¾Ý¡°Ö»À©Ôö³ö»ùÒò1¡«4ºÍ1£§¡¢3£§¡¢5£§¡¢6£§¡±¿ÉÖª£¬Ò°ÉúÐÍȱ·¦Í»±äÌå¼×Ëù¾ßÓеĻùÒò2ºÍ4£¬½ø¶ø˵Ã÷»ùÒò2ºÍ4Óë¼×µÄÒ¶ÖåËõÖ±½ÓÏà¹Ø£¬²¢½«»ùÒò2ºÍ4ÃüÃûΪ»ùÒòPºÍ»ùÒòQ¡£
(4) ½áºÏ¶Ô(2)µÄ·ÖÎö¿ÉÖª£ºÍ»±äÌå¼×Ëù±íÏÖµÄÒ¶ÖåËõΪÒþÐÔÐÔ×´¡£½«Í¬ÎªÒ¶ÖåËõ±íÐ͵ÄÍ»±äÌåÒÒÓëÍ»±äÌå¼×ÔÓ½»£¬×Ó´ú¾ù±íÏÖΪҶÖåËõ£¬ËµÃ÷Í»±äÌåÒÒÓëÍ»±äÌå¼×µÄÍ»±äλµãÊÇÏàͬµÄ¡£ÓÉÌâÒâ¿ÉÖª£ºÍ»±äÌåÒÒ½öÓлùÒòQ·¢ÉúÍ»±ä¡£ÎªÈ·¶¨»ùÒòQµÄ¹¦ÄÜ£¬¿É½«¸Ã»ùÒò£¨Õý³£»ùÒòQ£©×ªÈë»ùÒòQÍ»±äÌ壨ͻ±äÌåÒÒ£©µÄ´ó¶¹ÖС£Èç¹û»ùÒòQÓëҶƬÕý³£·¢ÓýÖ±½ÓÏà¹Ø£¬Ôòת»ùÒòµÄÍ»±äÌåµÄÒ¶±íÐÍ»á»Ö¸´ÎªÒ°ÉúÐÍ¡£
(5) ½ÇÖʲã¾ßÓб£Ë®¡¢µÖ¿¹²¡¾úºÍÀ¥³æÇÖÏ®µÈ×÷Ó㬶øÑо¿·¢ÏÖ»ùÒòQÓë´ó¶¹Ò¶±íƤ½ÇÖʲãµÄ·¢Óý¹ý³ÌÓйأ¬¾Ý´Ë¿É˵Ã÷¸ÃÑо¿µÄÓ¦ÓüÛÖµÔÚÓÚ£º¶ÔÅàÓý¿¹ºµ¡¢¿¹²¡³æµÄ´ó¶¹ÐÂÆ·ÖÖ¾ßÓÐÖØÒªÒâÒå¡£