ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
ʵÑéÊÒ³£ÀûÓü×È©·¨²â¶¨£¨NH4£©2SO4ÑùÆ·ÖеªµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£¬Æä·´Ó¦ÔÀíΪ£º4NH4++6HCHO¨T3H++6H2O+£¨CH2£©6N4H+[µÎ¶¨Ê±£¬1mol£¨CH2£©6N4H+Óë1mol H+Ï൱]£¬È»ºóÓÃNaOH±ê×¼ÈÜÒºµÎ¶¨·´Ó¦Éú³ÉµÄËᣮijÐËȤС×éÓü×È©·¨½øÐÐÁËÈçÏÂʵÑ飺
²½Öè¢ñ³ÆÈ¡ÑùÆ·1.5g£®
²½Öè¢ò½«ÑùÆ·ÈܽâÔÚ250mLÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖУ¬¶¨ÈÝ£¬³ä·ÖÒ¡ÔÈ£®
²½Öè¢óÒÆÈ¡25.00mLÑùÆ·ÈÜÒºÓÚ250mL׶ÐÎÆ¿ÖУ¬¼ÓÈë10mL 20%µÄÖÐÐÔ¼×È©ÈÜÒº£¬Ò¡ÔÈ¡¢¾²ÖÃ5minºó£¬¼ÓÈë1¡«2µÎ·Ó̪ÊÔÒº£¬ÓÃNaOH±ê×¼ÈÜÒºµÎ¶¨ÖÁÖյ㣮°´ÉÏÊö²Ù×÷·½·¨ÔÙÖظ´2´Î£®
£¨1£©ÉÏÊö²Ù×÷²½Öè¢òÊÇ·ñÕýÈ·
£¨2£©¸ù¾Ý²½Öè¢óÌî¿Õ£º
¢Ù¼îʽµÎ¶¨¹ÜÓÃÕôÁóˮϴµÓºó£¬Ö±½Ó¼ÓÈëNaOH±ê×¼ÈÜÒº½øÐе樣¬Ôò²âµÃÑùÆ·ÖеªµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý
¢Ú׶ÐÎÆ¿ÓÃÕôÁóˮϴµÓºó£¬Ë®Î´µ¹¾¡£¬ÔòµÎ¶¨Ê±ÓÃÈ¥NaOH±ê×¼ÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ý
¢ÛµÎ¶¨Ê±±ßµÎ±ßÒ¡¶¯×¶ÐÎÆ¿£¬ÑÛ¾¦Ó¦¹Û²ì
A£®µÎ¶¨¹ÜÄÚÒºÃæµÄ±ä»¯
B£®×¶ÐÎÆ¿ÄÚÈÜÒºÑÕÉ«µÄ±ä»¯
¢ÜµÎ¶¨´ïµ½ÖÕµãʱ£¬ÈÜÒº×îÖÕ±ä³É
£¨3£©µÎ¶¨½á¹ûÈçϱíËùʾ£º
ÈôNaOH±ê×¼ÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈΪ0.101 0mol/L£¬Ôò¸ÃÑùÆ·ÖеªµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ
²½Öè¢ñ³ÆÈ¡ÑùÆ·1.5g£®
²½Öè¢ò½«ÑùÆ·ÈܽâÔÚ250mLÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖУ¬¶¨ÈÝ£¬³ä·ÖÒ¡ÔÈ£®
²½Öè¢óÒÆÈ¡25.00mLÑùÆ·ÈÜÒºÓÚ250mL׶ÐÎÆ¿ÖУ¬¼ÓÈë10mL 20%µÄÖÐÐÔ¼×È©ÈÜÒº£¬Ò¡ÔÈ¡¢¾²ÖÃ5minºó£¬¼ÓÈë1¡«2µÎ·Ó̪ÊÔÒº£¬ÓÃNaOH±ê×¼ÈÜÒºµÎ¶¨ÖÁÖյ㣮°´ÉÏÊö²Ù×÷·½·¨ÔÙÖظ´2´Î£®
£¨1£©ÉÏÊö²Ù×÷²½Öè¢òÊÇ·ñÕýÈ·
·ñ
·ñ
£¨Ìî¡°ÊÇ¡±»ò¡°·ñ¡±£©£»Èô²»ÕýÈ·£¬Çë¸ÄÕý°ÑÑùÆ·ÈܽâÔÚСÉÕ±ÖУ¬ÀäÈ´ºóÔÙתÈëÈÝÁ¿Æ¿
°ÑÑùÆ·ÈܽâÔÚСÉÕ±ÖУ¬ÀäÈ´ºóÔÙתÈëÈÝÁ¿Æ¿
£®£¨ÈôÕýÈ·£¬´Ë¿Õ²»Ì£¨2£©¸ù¾Ý²½Öè¢óÌî¿Õ£º
¢Ù¼îʽµÎ¶¨¹ÜÓÃÕôÁóˮϴµÓºó£¬Ö±½Ó¼ÓÈëNaOH±ê×¼ÈÜÒº½øÐе樣¬Ôò²âµÃÑùÆ·ÖеªµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý
Æ«¸ß
Æ«¸ß
£¨Ìî¡°Æ«¸ß¡±¡¢¡°Æ«µÍ¡±»ò¡°ÎÞÓ°Ï족£©£®¢Ú׶ÐÎÆ¿ÓÃÕôÁóˮϴµÓºó£¬Ë®Î´µ¹¾¡£¬ÔòµÎ¶¨Ê±ÓÃÈ¥NaOH±ê×¼ÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ý
ÎÞÓ°Ïì
ÎÞÓ°Ïì
£¨Ìî¡°Æ«´ó¡±¡¢¡°Æ«Ð¡¡±»ò¡°ÎÞÓ°Ï족£©£®¢ÛµÎ¶¨Ê±±ßµÎ±ßÒ¡¶¯×¶ÐÎÆ¿£¬ÑÛ¾¦Ó¦¹Û²ì
B
B
£®A£®µÎ¶¨¹ÜÄÚÒºÃæµÄ±ä»¯
B£®×¶ÐÎÆ¿ÄÚÈÜÒºÑÕÉ«µÄ±ä»¯
¢ÜµÎ¶¨´ïµ½ÖÕµãʱ£¬ÈÜÒº×îÖÕ±ä³É
ºìÉ«
ºìÉ«
É«£®£¨3£©µÎ¶¨½á¹ûÈçϱíËùʾ£º
µÎ¶¨ ´ÎÊý |
´ý²âÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ý/mL | ±ê×¼ÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ý | |
µÎ¶¨Ç°¿Ì¶È/mL | µÎ¶¨ºó¿Ì¶È/mL | ||
1 | 25.00 | 1.02 | 21.03 |
2 | 25.00 | 2.00 | 21.99 |
3 | 25.00 | 0.20 | 20.20 |
18.85%
18.85%
£®·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©²»ÄÜÔÚÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖÐÈܽâ¹ÌÌ壻
£¨2£©¢ÙµÎ¶¨¹ÜÐèÒªÒªNaOHÈÜÒºÈóÏ´£¬·ñÔò»áµ¼ÖÂÈÜҺŨ¶ÈÆ«µÍ£¬Ìå»ýÆ«´ó£»
¢Ú׶ÐÎÆ¿ÄÚÊÇ·ñÓÐË®£¬¶ÔʵÑé½á¹ûÎÞÓ°Ï죬¿É´ÓÎïÖʵÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄ½Ç¶È·ÖÎö£»
¢ÛµÎ¶¨Ê±ÑÛ¾¦Ó¦×¢Òâ×¢Òâ¹Û²ìÑÕÉ«±ä»¯£¬ÒÔÈ·¶¨Öյ㣻
¢Ü¸ù¾Ý·Ó̪µÄ±äÉ«·¶Î§È·¶¨µÎ¶¨ÖÕµãʱÑÕÉ«±ä»¯£»
£¨3£©±ê×¼ÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýӦȡÈý´ÎʵÑéµÄƽ¾ùÖµ£¬¼ÆËã³öÈÜÒºÖÐH+µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬¸ù¾Ý·½³Ìʽ¿ÉÖª£¨CH2£©6N4H+µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬½ø¶øÈ·¶¨ÑùÆ·ÖеªµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£®
£¨2£©¢ÙµÎ¶¨¹ÜÐèÒªÒªNaOHÈÜÒºÈóÏ´£¬·ñÔò»áµ¼ÖÂÈÜҺŨ¶ÈÆ«µÍ£¬Ìå»ýÆ«´ó£»
¢Ú׶ÐÎÆ¿ÄÚÊÇ·ñÓÐË®£¬¶ÔʵÑé½á¹ûÎÞÓ°Ï죬¿É´ÓÎïÖʵÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄ½Ç¶È·ÖÎö£»
¢ÛµÎ¶¨Ê±ÑÛ¾¦Ó¦×¢Òâ×¢Òâ¹Û²ìÑÕÉ«±ä»¯£¬ÒÔÈ·¶¨Öյ㣻
¢Ü¸ù¾Ý·Ó̪µÄ±äÉ«·¶Î§È·¶¨µÎ¶¨ÖÕµãʱÑÕÉ«±ä»¯£»
£¨3£©±ê×¼ÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýӦȡÈý´ÎʵÑéµÄƽ¾ùÖµ£¬¼ÆËã³öÈÜÒºÖÐH+µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬¸ù¾Ý·½³Ìʽ¿ÉÖª£¨CH2£©6N4H+µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬½ø¶øÈ·¶¨ÑùÆ·ÖеªµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£®
½â´ð£º½â£º£¨1£©²Ù×÷²½Öè¢ò²»ÕýÈ·£¬²»ÄÜÔÚÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖÐÈܽâ¹ÌÌ壬ËùÒÔÓ¦¸ÃÏÈ°ÑÑùÆ·ÈܽâÔÚСÉÕ±ÖУ¬ÀäÈ´ºóÔÙתÈëÈÝÁ¿Æ¿£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º·ñ£»°ÑÑùÆ·ÈܽâÔÚСÉÕ±ÖУ¬ÀäÈ´ºóÔÙתÈëÈÝÁ¿Æ¿£»
£¨2£©¢Ù¼îʽµÎ¶¨¹ÜÓÃÕôÁóˮϴµÓºóÐèÒªÔÙÓÃNaOHÈÜÒºÈóÏ´£¬·ñÔòÏ൱ÓÚNaOHÈÜÒº±»Ï¡ÊÍ£¬µÎ¶¨ÏûºÄµÄÌå»ý»áÆ«¸ß£¬²âµÃÑùÆ·ÖеªµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýÒ²½«Æ«¸ß£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÆ«¸ß£»
¢Ú׶ÐÎÆ¿ÓÃÕôÁóˮϴµÓºó£¬ËäȻˮδµ¹¾¡£¬µ«´ý²âÒºÖеÄH+µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿²»±ä£¬ÔòµÎ¶¨Ê±ËùÐèNaOH±ê×¼ÈÜÒºÖеÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄƵÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿¾Í²»±ä£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇÎÞÓ°Ï죬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÎÞÓ°Ï죻
¢Û¶¨Ê±±ßµÎ±ßÒ¡¶¯×¶ÐÎÆ¿£¬ÑÛ¾¦Ó¦×¢Òâ¹Û²ìÑÕÉ«±ä»¯£¬È·¶¨µÎ¶¨Öյ㣬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºB£»
¢Ü´ý²âҺΪËáÐÔ£¬·Ó̪ӦΪÎÞÉ«£¬µ±ÈÜҺתΪ¼îÐÔʱ£¬ÈÜÒºÑÕÉ«±äΪ·Ûºì£¨»òdzºì£©£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÇ³ºì£»
£¨3£©±ê×¼ÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýӦȡÈý´ÎʵÑéµÄƽ¾ùÖµ£¬
Ê×ÏÈÈ·¶¨µÎ¶¨Ê±ËùÓõÄNaOH±ê×¼ÈÜҺΪ
mL=20.00mL£¬
¸ù¾ÝÌâÒâÖÐÐÔ¼×È©ÈÜÒºÒ»¶¨ÊǹýÁ¿µÄ£¬¶øÇÒ1.500g ï§ÑÎ ¾Èܽâºó£¬È¡ÁËÆäÖÐ
½øÐе樣¬¼´0.15g£¬
µÎ¶¨½á¹û£¬ÈÜÒºÖк¬ÓÐH+£¨º¬£¨CH2£©6N4H+£©¹²0.02L¡Á¡Á0.1010mol/L=0.00202mol£¬
¸ù¾Ý4NH4++6HCHO¨T3H++6H2O+£¨CH2£©6N4H+£¬Ã¿Éú³É4molH+£¨º¬£¨CH2£©6N4H+£©£¬»áÏûºÄNH4+4mol£¬
ËùÒÔ¹²ÏûºÄNH4+0.00202mol£¬
ÆäÖꬵªÔªËØ0.00202mol¡Á14g/mol=0.02828g
ËùÒÔµªµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ
¡Á100%=18.85%£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º18.85%£®
£¨2£©¢Ù¼îʽµÎ¶¨¹ÜÓÃÕôÁóˮϴµÓºóÐèÒªÔÙÓÃNaOHÈÜÒºÈóÏ´£¬·ñÔòÏ൱ÓÚNaOHÈÜÒº±»Ï¡ÊÍ£¬µÎ¶¨ÏûºÄµÄÌå»ý»áÆ«¸ß£¬²âµÃÑùÆ·ÖеªµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýÒ²½«Æ«¸ß£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÆ«¸ß£»
¢Ú׶ÐÎÆ¿ÓÃÕôÁóˮϴµÓºó£¬ËäȻˮδµ¹¾¡£¬µ«´ý²âÒºÖеÄH+µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿²»±ä£¬ÔòµÎ¶¨Ê±ËùÐèNaOH±ê×¼ÈÜÒºÖеÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄƵÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿¾Í²»±ä£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇÎÞÓ°Ï죬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÎÞÓ°Ï죻
¢Û¶¨Ê±±ßµÎ±ßÒ¡¶¯×¶ÐÎÆ¿£¬ÑÛ¾¦Ó¦×¢Òâ¹Û²ìÑÕÉ«±ä»¯£¬È·¶¨µÎ¶¨Öյ㣬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºB£»
¢Ü´ý²âҺΪËáÐÔ£¬·Ó̪ӦΪÎÞÉ«£¬µ±ÈÜҺתΪ¼îÐÔʱ£¬ÈÜÒºÑÕÉ«±äΪ·Ûºì£¨»òdzºì£©£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÇ³ºì£»
£¨3£©±ê×¼ÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýӦȡÈý´ÎʵÑéµÄƽ¾ùÖµ£¬
Ê×ÏÈÈ·¶¨µÎ¶¨Ê±ËùÓõÄNaOH±ê×¼ÈÜҺΪ
20.01+19.99+20.00 |
3 |
¸ù¾ÝÌâÒâÖÐÐÔ¼×È©ÈÜÒºÒ»¶¨ÊǹýÁ¿µÄ£¬¶øÇÒ1.500g ï§ÑÎ ¾Èܽâºó£¬È¡ÁËÆäÖÐ
1 |
10 |
µÎ¶¨½á¹û£¬ÈÜÒºÖк¬ÓÐH+£¨º¬£¨CH2£©6N4H+£©¹²0.02L¡Á¡Á0.1010mol/L=0.00202mol£¬
¸ù¾Ý4NH4++6HCHO¨T3H++6H2O+£¨CH2£©6N4H+£¬Ã¿Éú³É4molH+£¨º¬£¨CH2£©6N4H+£©£¬»áÏûºÄNH4+4mol£¬
ËùÒÔ¹²ÏûºÄNH4+0.00202mol£¬
ÆäÖꬵªÔªËØ0.00202mol¡Á14g/mol=0.02828g
ËùÒÔµªµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ
0.02828 |
0.15 |
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º18.85%£®
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÎïÖʵĺ¬Á¿µÄ²â¶¨£¬²àÖØÓÚÖк͵ζ¨µÄ¿¼²é£¬×¢ÖØÓÚѧÉúʵÑéÄÜÁ¦ºÍ·ÖÎöÄÜÁ¦ºÍ¼ÆËãÄÜÁ¦µÄ×ۺϿ¼²é£¬Îª¿¼ÊÔ¸ßƵ¿¼µã£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶȲ»´ó£®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿