ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ

»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌâ
£¨1£©ÊÔ¼òÊö¸øFeSO4ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëNaOHÈÜҺʱµÄ·´Ó¦ÏÖÏó²¢Íê³É°´Ë³Ðò·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£¨»òÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ£©
ÏÖÏó
 
£»Àë×Ó·½³Ìʽ¢Ù
 
£»»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ¢Ú
 

£¨2£©ÒÑÖª£ºÄ³·´Ó¦ÌåϵÖеÄÎïÖÊÓУºFe£¨OH£©3¡¢NaClO¡¢NaOH¡¢NaCl¡¢Na2FeO4£¨¸ßÌúËáÄÆ£©¡¢H2O  ÆäÖÐNa2FeO4ºÍH2OÊDzúÎïÖеĶþÖÖ£®
¢Ùд³ö²¢Åäƽ·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º
 
£»
¢ÚÔڸ÷´Ó¦ÖУºµÃµç×ÓµÄÎïÖÊÊÇ
 
£¨»¯Ñ§Ê½£©Ê§µç×ÓµÄÎïÖÊÊÇ
 
£¨»¯Ñ§Ê½£©
¢ÛÔڸ÷´Ó¦ÖУ¬Ã¿ÓÐ3molµÄµç×ÓתÒÆ£¬ÏûºÄ£¨Éú³É£©NaOHµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ÊÇ
 
mol£®
¢ÜÓÉ·½³ÌʽÅж¨¿ÉÖª£ºNaClOºÍNa2FeO4µÄÑõ»¯ÐÔÇ¿Èõ˳ÐòÊÇ
 
£¾
 
£®
·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©ÇâÑõ»¯ÑÇÌú²»Îȶ¨Äܱ»¿ÕÆøÖеÄÑõÆøÑõ»¯ÎªÇâÑõ»¯Ìú£»
£¨2£©¸ù¾Ý»¯ºÏ¼ÛµÄÉý½µ£¬²úÎïNa2FeO4ÖеÄÌúÔªËØÀ´Ô´ÓÚ·´Ó¦ÎïFe£¨OH£©3£¬Fe£¨OH£©3×÷»¹Ô­¼Á£¬Ïà¶ÔÓ¦µÄÑõ»¯¼ÁΪNaClO£¬ÀûÓû¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý½µÏàµÈÅäƽ£»×ªÒƵç×ÓÊýµÈÒ뻹ԭ¼ÁʧȥµÄµç×ÓÊýÒ²µÈÓÚÑõ»¯¼ÁµÃµ½µÄµç×ÓÊý£¬Ñõ»¯¼ÁµÄÑõ»¯ÐÔ´óÓÚÑõ»¯²úÎïµÄÑõ»¯ÐÔ£®
½â´ð£º£¨1£©¸øFeSO4ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëNaOHÈÜҺʱ£¬Fe2+ÓëOH-·´Ó¦Éú³ÉFe£¨OH£©2°×É«³Áµí£¬Fe£¨OH£©2²»Îȶ¨£¬»á±»¿ÕÆøÖеÄÑõÆøÑõ»¯ÎªFe£¨OH£©3ºìºÖÉ«³Áµí£¬Éæ¼°·½³ÌʽΪFe2++2OH-=Fe£¨OH£©2¡ý¡¢4Fe£¨OH£©2+O2+2H2O=4Fe£¨OH£©3£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÏȳöÏÖ°×É«³Áµí£¬Ñ¸ËÙ±äΪ»ÒÂÌÉ«£¬×îÖÕ±äΪºìºÖÉ«³Áµí£»Fe2++2OH-=Fe£¨OH£©2¡ý£»4Fe£¨OH£©2+O2+2H2O=4Fe£¨OH£©3£»
£¨2£©¢Ù¸ù¾ÝÑõ»¯»¹Ô­·´Ó¦Ô­Àí¿ÉÖª£¬²úÎïNa2FeO4ÖеÄÌúÔªËØÀ´Ô´ÓÚFe£¨OH£©3£¬Òò´ËFe£¨OH£©3»¹Ô­¼Á£¬»¹Ô­¼Áʧµç×Ó£»Ïà¶ÔÓ¦µÄÑõ»¯¼ÁΪNaClO£¬Ñõ»¯¼ÁµÃµç×Ó£¬»¹Ô­²úÎïΪNaCl£¬¸ù¾ÝÔ­×ÓÊغã¿ÉÒÔÈ·¶¨ÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ×÷·´Ó¦Î¸ù¾Ý»¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý½µÏàµÈÅäƽµÃ£º3NaClO+2Fe£¨OH£©3+4NaOH=3NaCl+2Na2FeO4+5H2O£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º3NaClO+2Fe£¨OH£©3+4NaOH=3NaCl+2Na2FeO4+5H2O£»
¢ÚÓÉ¢Ù·ÖÎö¿ÉÖªNaClOΪÑõ»¯¼Á£¬Fe£¨OH£©3Ϊ»¹Ô­¼Á£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºNaClO£»Fe£¨OH£©3£»
¢ÛתÒƵç×ÓÊýµÈÓÚ»¹Ô­¼ÁʧȥµÄµç×ÓÊý£¬¸ù¾Ý3NaClO+2Fe£¨OH£©3+4NaOH=3NaCl+2Na2FeO4+5H2OºÍ»¯ºÏ¼Û±ä»¯¿ÉÖª£º
Fe£¨OH£©3¡«Na2FeO4¡«3e-¡«2NaOH
   1        1     3    2          
  1mol    1mol  3mol  2mol
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º2mol£»
¢ÜNaClOΪÑõ»¯¼Á£¬Na2FeO4Ñõ»¯²úÎÑõ»¯¼ÁµÄÑõ»¯ÐÔ´óÓÚÑõ»¯²úÎïµÄÑõ»¯ÐÔ£¬ËùÒÔÑõ»¯ÐÔ£ºNaClO£¾Na2FeO4£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºNaClO£»Na2FeO4£®
µãÆÀ£º´ËÌ⿼²éÌú¼°Æ仯ºÏÎïµÄ֪ʶ±È½Ï»ù´¡£¬ÄѶȲ»´ó£¬Éæ¼°Ñõ»¯»¹Ô­·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽµÄÊéдÓëתÒƵç×ÓÊýµÄ¼ÆËãÊÇÄѵ㣬Ñõ»¯»¹Ô­·´Ó¦µÄÈëÊÖµã¾ÍÊÇ»¯ºÏ¼Û£®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿
ϱíÖÐÊý¾ÝÊǵÚÈýÖÜÆÚµÄÈýÖÖ½ðÊôÔªËØX¡¢Y¡¢ZÖð½¥Ê§È¥µç×ӵĵçÀëÄÜ£®
µçÀëÄÜ/kJ?mol-1
X 578 1817 2745 11575 14830 18376 23293
Y 738 1451 7733 10540 13630 17995 21703
Z 496 4562 6912 9943 13353 16610 20114
ÊԻشðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌâ
£¨1£©¸ù¾ÝÊý¾Ý·ÖÎö£¬X¡¢Y¡¢ZµÄ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊý£¬¼òÊöÀíÓÉ
X¡¢Y¡¢ZµÄ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊý·Ö±ðÊÇ3¡¢2¡¢1£¬ÓɵçÀëÄÜÏà²îºÜ´óʱ½ÏСµÄµçÀëÄܼ´ÎªÆä×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓȫʧȥʱµÄµçÀëÄÜ£¬´Ó¶øÈ·¶¨Æä×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊý
X¡¢Y¡¢ZµÄ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊý·Ö±ðÊÇ3¡¢2¡¢1£¬ÓɵçÀëÄÜÏà²îºÜ´óʱ½ÏСµÄµçÀëÄܼ´ÎªÆä×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓȫʧȥʱµÄµçÀëÄÜ£¬´Ó¶øÈ·¶¨Æä×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊý
£®
£¨2£©XÔªËصÄÔ­×ÓºËÍâ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª
3s23p1
3s23p1
£®
£¨3£©X¡¢Y¡¢ZÈýÔªËصÄÔ­×Ӱ뾶ÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡Ë³ÐòΪ
Z£¾Y£¾X£¨»òNa£¾Mg£¾Al£©
Z£¾Y£¾X£¨»òNa£¾Mg£¾Al£©
£»X¡¢Y¡¢ZÈýÔªËصÄÀë×Ӱ뾶ÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡Ë³ÐòΪ
Z£¾Y£¾X£¨»òZ+£¾Y2+£¾X3+»òNa+£¾Mg2+£¾Al3+£©
Z£¾Y£¾X£¨»òZ+£¾Y2+£¾X3+»òNa+£¾Mg2+£¾Al3+£©
£®
£¨4£©µÚÈýÖÜÆÚÖÐÄÜÓëYÔªËØÐγÉYDÐÍ»¯ºÏÎïµÄÔªËØDλÓÚ
¢öA
¢öA
×壬Óõç×Óʽ±íʾ»¯ºÏÎïYDµÄÐγɹý³Ì
£®
£¨5£©Ð´³ö½ðÊôYÓëʯīµç¼«¡¢Ï¡ÁòËá¹¹³ÉµÄÔ­µç³ØµÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½£º
¸º¼«£º
Mg-2e-¨TMg2+
Mg-2e-¨TMg2+

Õý¼«£º
2H++2e-¨TH2¡ü
2H++2e-¨TH2¡ü
£®

Î¥·¨ºÍ²»Á¼ÐÅÏ¢¾Ù±¨µç»°£º027-86699610 ¾Ù±¨ÓÊÏ䣺58377363@163.com

¾«Ó¢¼Ò½ÌÍø