ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
ÔÚ25ml 0.1mol¡¤L-1NaOHÈÜÒºÖÐÖðµÎ¼ÓÈë0.2mol¡¤L-1CH3COOHÈÜÒº£¬ÈÜÒºpH±ä»¯ÇúÏßÈçͼËùʾ£¬ÏÂÁÐÓйØÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈµÄ±È½ÏÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A£®ÔÚA¡¢B¼äÈÎÒ»µã(²»º¬A¡¢Bµã)£¬ÈÜÒºÖпÉÄÜÓÐC(Na+) > C(CH3COO£) > C(OH£) > C(H+)
B£®ÔÚBµã£¬a>12.5£¬ÇÒÓÐC(Na+) = C(CH3COO£) = C(OH£) = C(H+)
C£®ÔÚCµã£¬C(CH3COO£) > C(Na+) > C(OH£) > C(H+)
D£®ÔÚDµã£¬C(CH3COO£) + C(CH3COOH) = C(Na+)
A
½âÎöÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£ºÔÚA¡¢B¼äÈÎÒ»µã£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÖ»´æÔÚËÄÖÖÀë×ÓÓÐNa+¡¢H+¡¢CH3COO-¡¢OH-£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغãÔòÓУºc£¨Na+£©+c£¨H+£©£½c£¨CH3COO-£©+c£¨OH-£©£¬c£¨H+£©£¼c£¨OH-£©£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС¹ØϵΪ£ºc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨CH3COO-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¬¹ÊAÕýÈ·£»ÔÚBµãÈÜÒºÏÔÖÐÐÔ£¬Ôò½á¹ûÊÇc£¨OH-£©£½c£¨H+£©£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغãc£¨Na+£©+c£¨H+£©£½c£¨CH3COO-£©+c£¨OH-£©£¬ÔòÒ»¶¨ÓÐc£¨Na+£©£½c£¨CH3COO-£©£¬ÈÜÒºµÄ³É·ÖΪ£º·´Ó¦Éú³ÉµÄ´×ËáÄƺÍÊ£ÓàµÄ´×Ëᣬ´×ËáÄƵÄË®½â³Ì¶ÈºÍ´×ËáµÄµçÀë³Ì¶ÈÏàµÈ£¬¹ÊÓУºc£¨Na+£©=c£¨CH3COO-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©=c£¨H+£©£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»ÔÚCµã£¬ÈÜÒºÏÔËáÐÔ£¬¹ÊÓÐc£¨OH-£©£¼c£¨H+£©£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغ㣺c£¨Na+£©+c£¨H+£©£½c£¨CH3COO-£©+c£¨OH-£©£¬¹Êc£¨Na+£©£¼c£¨CH3COO-£©£¬c£¨CH3COO-£©£¾c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»ÔÚDµãʱ£¬´×ËáÊ£Ó࣬ʣÓàµÄ´×ËáµÄŨ¶ÈºÍÉú³ÉµÄ´×ËáÄÆŨ¶ÈÏàµÈ¾ùΪ0.05mol/l£¬¸ù¾ÝÎïÁÏÊغ㣬Ôò£ºc£¨CH3COO-£©+c£¨CH3COOH£©£½0.1mol?L-1£¬c£¨Na+£©=0..05mol/L£¬c£¨CH3COO-£©+c £¨CH3COOH£©=2c£¨Na+£©¹ÊD´íÎ󣬴ð°¸Ñ¡A¡£
¿¼µã£º¿¼²éËá¼îÖкÍͼÏñ·ÖÎö¡¢ÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС±È½ÏµÈ
µãÆÀ£º¸ÃÌâÊǸ߿¼Öеij£¼ûÌâÐÍ£¬ÊôÓÚ×ÛºÏÐÔÊÔÌâµÄ¿¼²é£¬¶ÔѧÉúµÄ˼άÄÜÁ¦Ìá³öÁ˽ϸߵÄÒªÇ󣬱¾ÌâÌù½ü¸ß¿¼£¬×ÛºÏÐÔÇ¿£¬²àÖضÔѧÉúÄÜÁ¦µÄÅàÑø£¬ÒâÔÚÅàÑøѧÉúµÄÂß¼ÍÆÀíÄÜÁ¦ºÍ´´ÐÂ˼άÄÜÁ¦¡£¸ÃÌâÊÇÒ»µÀËá¼î»ìºÏºóÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС±È½ÏµÄÌâÄ¿£¬Òª·ÖÇå³þÿ¸ö״̬ʱÈÜÒºµÄ×é³ÉÇé¿ö£¬²¢×¢Òâ¸÷ÖÖÊغã˼ÏëµÄÁé»îÀûÓá£
ÓйØÏÂÁÐÈÜÒºµÄÐðÊöÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A£®´×ËáÓë´×ËáÄƵĻìºÏÈÜÒºÖУºc(CH3COO£)+ c(OH£) = c(Na+) + c(H+) |
B£®1 mol¡¤L£1Na2CO3ÈÜÒºÖУºc(OH£) = c((H+) + c(HCO3£) + c(H2CO3) |
C£®0.1 mol¡¤L£1µÄÁòËáï§ÈÜÒºÖУºc(SO42£) >c(NH4+)>c(H+)> c(OH£) |
D£®½«1molKCl¡¢1molNaHSÈÜÓÚË®Åä³É1L»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖУº |
ÏÖÓÐÊÒÎÂÏÂÁ½ÖÖÈÜÒº£¬ÓйØÐðÊöÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
±àºÅ | ¢Ù | ¢Ú |
pH | 12 | 2 |
ÈÜÒº | ÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº | ´×ËáÈÜÒº |
A£®Á½ÖÖÈÜÒºÖÐË®µÄµçÀë³Ì¶È£º¢Ù=¢Ú
B£®Á½ÖÖÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶È£ºc(NaOH)©ƒc(CH3COOH)
C£®Á½ÖÖÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºó£ºc(CH3COO-)©ƒc(Na+)©ƒc(OH-)©ƒc(H+)
D£®¼ÓˮϡÊÍÏàͬ±¶Êýºó£ºc(Na+)©ƒc(CH3COO-)
²ÝËáÊǶþÔªÈõËᣬ²ÝËáÇâ¼ØÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ¡£ÔÚO.1mol¡¤L£1 KHC2O4ÈÜÒºÖУ¬ÏÂÁйØϵÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨ £©
A£®c(K+)+c(H+) = c(HC2O4£)+c(OH£)+c(C2O42£) |
B£®c(HC2O4£)+c(C2O42£) =" 0.1" mol¡¤L£1 |
C£®c(C2O42£) < c(H2C2O4) |
D£®c(K+) = c(H2C2O4)+c(HC2O4£)+c(C2O42£) |
ÏÂÁÐÐðÊöÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ £¨ £©
A£®0.1 mol¡¤L-1CH3COOHÈÜÒº¼ÓˮϡÊÍ£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐËùÓÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È¾ù¼õС |
B£®³£ÎÂÏ£¬ÔÚÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc(OH-)=1¡Á10-12mol?L-1µÄÈÜÒºÖУ¬Al3+¿ÉÄÜ´óÁ¿´æÔÚ |
C£®³£ÎÂÏ£¬ÏòAgClÐü×ÇÒºÖмÓÈëÉÙÁ¿NaCl¹ÌÌåºóÕñµ´£¬Ksp£¨AgCl£©Ôö´ó |
D£®³£ÎÂÏ£¬ÏàͬŨ¶ÈµÄCH3COONaÈÜÒºÓëNa2CO3ÈÜÒºÏà±È£¬Na2CO3ÈÜÒºµÄpHС |
ÒÑÖª25¡æʱ£¬AgClµÄÈܶȻý£¬ÔòÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£º
A£®Ïò±¥ºÍAgClË®ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÑÎËᣬKspÖµ±ä´ó |
B£®AgNO3ÈÜÒºÓëNaClÈÜÒº»ìºÏºóµÄÈÜÒºÖУ¬Ò»¶¨ÓÐ |
C£®Î¶ÈÒ»¶¨Ê±£¬µ±ÈÜÒºÖÐʱ£¬´ËÈÜÒºÖбØÓÐAgClµÄ³ÁµíÎö³ö |
D£®½«AgCl¼ÓÈëµ½½ÏŨµÄKIÈÜÒºÖУ¬²¿·ÖAgClת»¯ÎªAgI£¬ÒòΪAgClÈܽâ¶È´óÓÚAgI |
10¡æʱ¼ÓÈȱ¥ºÍNaHCO3ÈÜÒº£¬²âµÃ¸ÃÈÜÒºµÄpH·¢ÉúÈç±íËùʾµÄ±ä»¯¡£
ζÈ/¡æ | 10 | 20 | 30 | ¼ÓÈÈÖó·ÐºóÀäÈ´µ½50¡æ |
pH | 8.3 | 8.4 | 8.5 | 8.8 |
¼×ͬѧÈÏΪ£¬¸ÃÈÜÒºpHÔö´óµÄÔÒòÊÇHCOµÄË®½â³Ì¶ÈÔö´ó£¬¹Ê¼îÐÔÔöÇ¿£¬Óйط´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ__________________________¡£ÒÒͬѧÈÏΪ£¬ÈÜÒºpHÔö´óµÄÔÒòÊÇNaHCO3ÊÜÈÈ·Ö½âÉú³ÉÁËNa2CO3£¬²¢ÍƶÏNa2CO3µÄË®½â³Ì¶È________(Ìî¡°´óÓÚ¡±»ò¡°Ð¡ÓÚ¡±)NaHCO3µÄË®½â³Ì¶È£¬¸Ã·Ö½â·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ______________________________¡£
±ûͬѧÈÏΪ£¬¼×¡¢ÒÒµÄÅж϶¼²»³ä·Ö£¬Ëû½øÐÐÈçÏÂ̽¾¿À´ÑéÖ¤ËûÃǵÄÅжÏÊÇ·ñÕýÈ·¡£
(1)ÔÚ¼ÓÈÈÖó·ÐµÄÈÜÒºÖмÓÈë×ãÁ¿µÄÊÔ¼ÁX£¬Èô²úÉú³Áµí£¬Ôò________(Ìî¡°¼×¡±»ò¡°ÒÒ¡±)µÄÅжÏÕýÈ·£¬ÊÔ¼ÁXÊÇ________(ÌîÐòºÅ)¡£
A£®Ba(OH)2ÈÜÒº B£®BaCl2ÈÜÒº
C£®NaOHÈÜÒº D£®³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®
(2)½«¼ÓÈȺóµÄÈÜÒºÀäÈ´µ½10¡æ£¬ÈôÈÜÒºµÄpH________(Ìî¡°´óÓÚ¡±¡°Ð¡ÓÚ¡±»ò¡°µÈÓÚ¡±)8.3£¬Ôò________(Ìî¡°¼×¡±»ò¡°ÒÒ¡±)µÄÅжÏÕýÈ·¡£
(3)±ûͬѧ²éÔÄ×ÊÁϺó·¢ÏÖ£¬NaHCO3µÄ·Ö½âζÈΪ150¡æ£¬Ëû¶ÏÑÔ________(Ìî¡°¼×¡±»ò¡°ÒÒ¡±)µÄÅжÏÊÇ´íÎóµÄ£¬ÔÒòÊÇ________________________________________________¡£