ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
£¨20·Ö£©Ä³»¯Ñ§¿ÎÍâ»î¶¯Ð¡×éÒÔÂÁм¡¢Ï¡H2SO4¡¢NaOHÈÜҺΪÖ÷ÒªÔÁÏÓûÖƱ¸Al(OH)3³Áµí£¬Éè¼ÆÁËÈçÏÂÈýÖÖ·½°¸£¬¼ûÏÂ±í¡£ÔĶÁÏÂ±í²¢»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
;¾¶ |
Éú³É1 mol Al(OH)3ÏûºÄH+»òOH£µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿/mol |
|
ÏûºÄH+ |
ÏûºÄOH£ |
|
1£®Al¡úAl3+¡úAl(OH)3 |
|
|
2£®Al¡úAlO¡úAl(OH)3 |
|
|
3£® |
|
|
£¨1£©ÌîдÉϱíÖпոñ²¢´Ó½ÚÔ¼ÔÁϵĽǶÈÀ´·ÖÎö£¬ÄãÈÏΪӦѡÔñ·½°¸_________×îΪºÏÀí¡£
£¨2£©±¾ÊµÑéÒªÓõ½NaOHÈÜÒº¡£Ä³Ñ§ÉúÓÃÒÑÖªÖÊÁ¿y(g)µÄ±íÃæÃó£¬×¼È·³ÆÈ¡£¨g£©NaOH¹ÌÌå¡£ËûÔÚÍÐÅÌÌìƽµÄÓÒÅÌÉÏ·ÅÈ루+ y£©(g)íÀÂ룬ÔÚ×óÅ̵ıíÃæÃóÖмÓÈëNaOH¹ÌÌ壬ÕâʱָÕëÆ«ÏòÓұߣ¬ÈçͼËùʾ£¬ÏÂÃæËûµÄ²Ù×÷Ó¦¸ÃÊÇ_________ ʹ ¡£
£¨3£©Èô³ÆÈ¡µÄ(g)NaOH¸ÕºÃ¿ÉÅäÖÆ0.5mol¡¤L£1NaOHÈÜÒº500mL¡£ÔÚÏÂÁÐÅäÖÆÈÜÒº¹ý³ÌʾÒâͼÖÐÓдíÎóµÄÊÇ£¨Ìî²Ù×÷ÐòºÅ£©______________¡£
£¨4£©ÔĶÁÏÂÁÐÖƱ¸Al(OH)3ʵÑé²½Ö裬Ìîд¿Õ°×£º
¢ÙÔÚÉÕ±AÖмÓÈë50mL0.5mol¡¤LNaOHÈÜÒº£¬ÔÙ¼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿ÂÁм¡£¸øÈÜÒºÉÔ¼ÓÈÈ¡£Æä×÷ÓÃÊÇ£º__________________________ÓÃÕôÁóË®°ÑÂÁм³åÏ´¸É¾»¡£³ÆÁ¿ÂÁмµÄÖÊÁ¿Îªm1(g)¡£
¢ÚÔÚÊ¢ÓÐÊÊÁ¿Ï¡H2SO4µÄÉÕ±BÖÐÓ¦·ÅÈë___________£¨g£©£¨Óú¬m1µÄʽ×Ó±íʾ£©ÖÊÁ¿µÄÂÁм£¬³ä·Ö½Á°èʹÂÁм·´Ó¦ÍêÈ«¡£
¢ÛÔÚÊ¢ÓÐÊÊÁ¿Å¨NaOHÈÜÒºµÄÉÕ±CÖзÅÈë____________£¨g£©£¨Óú¬m1µÄʽ×Ó±íʾ£©ÖÊÁ¿µÄÂÁм³ä·Ö½Á°èʹÂÁм·´Ó¦ÍêÈ«¡£
¢Ü½«ÉÕ±BºÍÉÕ±CÖеÄÈÜÒº»ìºÍ¹Û²ìµ½µÄÏÖÏóÊÇ£º_______________________________£¬·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽÊÇ£º___________________________
£¨5£©¹ýÂËʱijѧÉú²Ù×÷Èçͼ£¬ÇëÓÃÎÄ×Ö˵Ã÷ͼÖдíÎóµÄÊÇ£º
_____________________ ¡£
£¨6£©°Ñ³ÁµíתÒƵ½ÉÕ±ÖУ¬ÓÃÕôÁóˮϴµÓÈý´ÎÔÙ¹ýÂË£¬ÔÙÏ´µÓ¡¢
¸ÉÔïµÃAl(OH)3¹ÌÌåÖÊÁ¿Îªm2(g)¼ÆË㱾ʵÑéAl(OH)3µÄ²úÂÊÊÇ_________________
£¨1£©
;¾¶ |
Éú³É1 mol Al(OH)3ÏûºÄH+»òOH£µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿/mol |
|
ÏûºÄH+ |
ÏûºÄOH£ |
|
1 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
3/4 |
3/4 |
·½°¸3£¨Ã¿¿Õ1·Ö£¬¹²7·Ö£©
£¨2£©¼ÌÐø¼ÓÈëÑùÆ· Ö¸ÕëÖ¸ÔÚ±ê³ßµÄÖм䣨2·Ö£© £¨3£©¢Ù¢Û¢Ü¢Ý £¨2·Ö£©
£¨4£©¢Ù³ýÈ¥ÂÁ·Û±íÃæµÄAl2O3£»¢Ú£»¢Û £¨¹²3·Ö£©¢ÜÉú³É°×É«Ðõ×´³Áµí 3AlO 4Al(OH)3¡ý£¨¹²2·Ö£©£¨5£©²£Á§°ô϶ËÓ¦¸ÃµÍÓÚÂËÖ½±ßÔµ£»Â©¶·¾±Ã»ÓУ¨»òÓ¦¸Ã£©¿¿ÔÚÉÕ±ÄÚ±Ú.£¨¹²2·Ö£©
£¨6£© £¨2·Ö£©
¡¾½âÎö¡¿£¨1£©¸ù¾Ý·½³Ìʽ2Al£«6H£«=2Al3£«3H2¡ü¡¢Al3£«£«3OH£=Al(OH)3¡ý¡¢¡ý2Al£«2OH££«2H2O=2AlO2££«3H2¡ü¡¢Al2££«H£«£«H2O=Al(OH)3¡ý¡¢3AlO
4Al(OH)3¡ý£¬¼´¿É¼ÆËã³öÏûºÄµÄÇâÀë×Ó»òOH£µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿¡£¸ù¾ÝÏûºÄµÄÔÁÏ·ÖÎö£¬·½°¸3ÊÇ×îºÃµÄ¡£
£¨2£©Ö¸ÕëÆ«ÏòÓұߣ¬ËµÃ÷ÑùÆ·µÄÖÊÁ¿»¹²»µ½g£¬ËùÒÔÓ¦¸Ã¼ÌÐø¼ÓÈëÑùÆ·£¬Ê¹Ö¸ÕëÖ¸ÔÚ±ê³ßµÄÖм䡣
£¨3£©¿¼²éÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈÈÜÒºµÄÅäÖÆ£¬ÈܽâÓ¦¸ÃÔÚÉÕ±ÖнøÐУ¬¢Ù²»ÕýÈ·¡£×ªÒÆʹ£¬½ºÍ·µÎ¹ÜµÄ϶ËÓ¦¸Ã·ÅÔڿ̶ÈÏßµÄÏÂÃ棬¢Û²»ÕýÈ·¡£¢Ü²»ÕýÈ·£¬ÒòΪûÓÐÏ´µÓ£¬¢Ý²»ÕýÈ·£¬¶¨ÈÝʱӦ¸ÃƽÊÓ£¬
´ð°¸Ñ¡¢Ù¢Û¢Ü¢Ý¡£
£¨4£©¢ÙÂÁƬ±íÃ溬ÓÐÑõ»¯ÂÁ£¬ÐèÒªÇâÑõ»¯ÄƳýÈ¥¡£
¢Ú¸ù¾Ý3AlO 4Al(OH)3¡ý¿ÉÖª£¬Éú³ÉÂÁÀë×ÓµÄÏûºÄµÄÂÁ£¬ºÍÉú³ÉAlO2£ÏûºÄµÄÂÁÖÊÁ¿Ö®±ÈÊÇ1©U3µÄ£¬ËùÒÔBÖÐÓ¦·ÅÈëµÄÂÁ¡£
¢Û¸ù¾Ý¢Ú¿ÉÖªCÖзÅÈëµÄÂÁ¡£
¢ÜÂÁÀë×ÓºÍAlO2£·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ³Áµí¡£·½³ÌʽΪ3AlO
4Al(OH)3¡ý¡£
£¨5£©¸ù¾Ý×°ÖÃͼ¿ÉÖª£¬ÓÐ2´¦´íÎ󣬷ֱðÊDz£Á§°ô϶ËÓ¦¸ÃµÍÓÚÂËÖ½±ßÔµ£»Â©¶·¾±Ã»ÓУ¨»òÓ¦¸Ã£©¿¿ÔÚÉÕ±ÄÚ±Ú¡£
£¨6£©m1gÀíÂÛÉÏ¿ÉÉú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁÊÇ£¬ËùÒÔ²úÂÊÊÇ¡£