ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿I£®Áò´úÁòËáÄÆÊÇÒ»ÖÖÖØÒªµÄ»¯¹¤²úÆ·¡£Ä³ÐËȤС×éÄâÖƱ¸Áò´úÁòËáÄƾ§Ì壨Na2S2O3¡¤5H2O£©¡£
¢Å¡¾²éÔÄ×ÊÁÏ¡¿
Na2S2O3¡¤5H2OÊÇÎÞɫ͸Ã÷¾§Ì壬Ò×ÈÜÓÚË®¡£ÆäÏ¡ÈÜÒºÓëBaCl2ÈÜÒº»ìºÏÎÞ³ÁµíÉú³É¡£
¢Ú ÏòNa2CO3ºÍNa2S»ìºÏÒºÖÐͨÈëSO2¿ÉÖƵÃNa2S2O3£¬ËùµÃ²úÆ·Öг£º¬ÓÐÉÙÁ¿Na2SO3ºÍNa2SO4¡£
Na2SO3Ò×±»Ñõ»¯£»BaSO3ÄÑÈÜÓÚË®£¬¿ÉÈÜÓÚÏ¡HCl¡£
¢Æ¡¾ÖƱ¸²úÆ·¡¿ÊµÑé×°ÖÃÈçͼËùʾ£¨Ê¡ÂԼгÖ×°Öã©
ʵÑé²½Ö裺
¢Ù °´Í¼Ê¾¼ÓÈëÊÔ¼Á֮ǰ£¬±ØÐë½øÐеIJÙ×÷ÊÇ ¡£ÒÇÆ÷aµÄÃû³ÆÊÇ £»EÖеÄÊÔ¼ÁÊÇ £¨Ñ¡ÌîÏÂÁÐ×Öĸ±àºÅ£©¡£
A£®Ï¡H2SO4 B£®NaOHÈÜÒº C£®±¥ºÍNaHSO3ÈÜÒº
¢Ú ÏÈÏòCÖÐÉÕÆ¿¼ÓÈëNa2SºÍNa2CO3»ìºÏÈÜÒº£¬ÔÙÏòAÖÐÉÕÆ¿µÎ¼ÓH2SO4¡£
¢Û µÈNa2SºÍNa2CO3ÍêÈ«ÏûºÄºó£¬½áÊø·´Ó¦¡£¹ýÂËCÖлìºÏÎ½«ÂËÒº £¨Ìîд²Ù×÷Ãû³Æ£©¡¢ÀäÈ´¡¢½á¾§¡¢¹ýÂË¡¢Ï´µÓ¡¢¸ÉÔµÃµ½²úÆ·¡£
¢Ç¡¾Ì½¾¿Ó뷴˼¡¿ÎªÑéÖ¤²úÆ·Öк¬ÓÐNa2SO3ºÍNa2SO4£¬¸ÃС×éÉè¼ÆÁËÒÔÏÂʵÑé·½°¸£¬Ç뽫·½°¸²¹³ä
ÍêÕû¡££¨ËùÐèÊÔ¼Á´ÓÏ¡HNO3¡¢Ï¡H2SO4¡¢Ï¡HCl¡¢ÕôÁóË®ÖÐÑ¡Ôñ£©
¢ÙÈ¡ÊÊÁ¿²úÆ·Åä³ÉÏ¡ÈÜÒº£¬µÎÈë×ãÁ¿µÄBaCl2ÈÜÒº£¬ £¬Ôò¿ÉÈ·¶¨²úÆ·Öк¬ÓÐNa2SO3ºÍNa2SO4¡£
¢Ú Ϊ¼õÉÙ×°ÖÃCÖÐÉú³ÉNa2SO4µÄÁ¿£¬ÔÚ²»¸Ä±äÔÓÐ×°ÖõĻù´¡É϶ÔʵÑé²½Öè ¢Æ ½øÐÐÁ˸Ľø£¬¸Ä½øºóµÄ²Ù×÷ÊÇ ¡£
¢Û Na2S2O3¡¤5H2OµÄÈÜÒº¶ÈËæζÈÉý¸ßÏÔÖøÔö´ó£¬ËùµÃ²úƷͨ¹ý ·½·¨Ìá´¿¡£
¢ò£®¸ßÌúËáÑÎÔÚÄÜÔ´»·±£ÁìÓòÓй㷺ÓÃ;¡£ÓÃÄø£¨Ni£©¡¢Ìú×÷µç¼«µç½âŨNaOHÈÜÒºÖƱ¸¸ßÌúËáÑÎNa2FeO4µÄ×°ÖÃÈçͼËùʾ£¨¼ÙÉèµç½âÇ°ºóÌå»ý±ä»¯ºöÂÔ²»¼Æ£©¡£ÏÂÁÐÍƶϲ»ºÏÀíµÄÊÇ ¡£
A£®ÌúÊÇÑô¼«£¬µç¼«·´Ó¦ÎªFe£6e£+ 4H2O = FeO42£+ 8H+
B£®µç½âʱµç×ÓµÄÁ÷¶¯·½ÏòΪ£º¸º¼«¡úNiµç¼«¡úÈÜÒº¡úFeµç¼«¡úÕý¼«
C£®Èô¸ôĤΪÒõÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤£¬ÔòOH£×ÔÓÒÏò×óÒƶ¯
D£®µç½âʱÑô¼«ÇøpH½µµÍ¡¢Òõ¼«ÇøpHÉý¸ß£¬³·È¥¸ôĤ»ìºÏºó£¬pH±ÈÔÈÜÒº½µµÍ
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿¢Æ ¢Ù ¼ì²é×°ÖõÄÆøÃÜÐÔ£¨2·Ö£© ·ÖҺ©¶·£¨1·Ö£© B £¨1·Ö£© ¢Û Õô·¢£¨1·Ö£©
¢Ç ¢Ù Óа×É«³ÁµíÉú³É£¬¹ýÂË£¬ÓÃÕôÁóˮϴµÓ³Áµí£¬Ïò³ÁµíÖмÓÈë×ãÁ¿Ï¡HCl£¬Èô³ÁµíδÍêÈ«Èܽ⣬²¢Óд̼¤ÐÔÆøζµÄÆøÌå²úÉú£¨2·Ö£© ¢Ú ÏÈÏòAÖÐÉÕÆ¿µÎ¼ÓŨH2SO4£¬²úÉúµÄÆøÌ彫װÖÃÖпÕÆøÅž¡ºó£¬ÔÙÏòCÖÐÉÕÆ¿¼ÓÈëNa2SºÍNa2CO3»ìºÏÈÜÒº¡££¨2·Ö£©¢Û ÀäÈ´½á¾§»òÖؽᾧ£¨2·Ö£©¢ò£®ABC £¨3·Ö£©
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£º£¨2£©¢Ù×°ÖÃÁ¬½ÓºÃÒÔºó±ØÐë½øÐеIJÙ×÷ÊǼìÑé×°ÖõÄÆøÃÜÐÔ¡£ÒÇÆ÷aµÄÃû³ÆÊÇ·ÖҺ©¶·£»SO2Óж¾£¬ÐèÒª½øÐÐβÆø´¦Àí£¬EÖеÄÊÔ¼ÁÊÇNaOHÈÜÒº£¬Ä¿µÄÊÇÎüÊÕÊ£ÓàµÄ¶þÑõ»¯Áò£¬ÒòΪ¶þÑõ»¯ÁòÄÜÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦£¬ÓëÏ¡H2SO4ºÍ±¥ºÍNaHSO3ÈÜÒº²»·´Ó¦£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Ñ¡B¡£
¢Ú½«Na2S2O3½á¾§Îö³öµÄ²Ù×÷ӦΪ£ºÕô·¢¡¢½á¾§¡¢¹ýÂË¡¢Ï´µÓ¡¢¸ÉÔï¡£
£¨3£©¡¾Ì½¾¿Ó뷴˼¡¿
¢Ù¸ù¾Ý£ºNa2S2O35H2OÊÇÎÞɫ͸Ã÷¾§Ì壬Ò×ÈÜÓÚË®£¬ÆäÏ¡ÈÜÒºÓëBaCl2ÈÜÒº»ìºÏÎÞ³ÁµíÉú³É£»Na2SO3Ò×±»Ñõ»¯£»BaSO3ÄÑÈÜÓÚË®£¬¿ÉÈÜÓÚÏ¡HCl£»BaSO4ÄÑÈÜÓÚË®£¬ÄÑÈÜÓÚÏ¡HCl£¬ÒÔ¼°ÏõËá¾ßÓÐÇ¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔ¡¢¼ÓÈëÁòËá»áÒýÈëÁòËá¸ùÀë×Ó¿ÉÖª£¬È¡ÊÊÁ¿²úÆ·Åä³ÉÏ¡ÈÜÒº£¬µÎ¼Ó×ãÁ¿BaCl2ÈÜÒº£¬Óа×É«³ÁµíÉú³É£¬¹ýÂË£¬ÓÃÕôÁóˮϴµÓ³Áµí£¬Ïò³ÁµíÖмÓÈë×ãÁ¿Ï¡ÑÎËᣬÈô³ÁµíδÍêÈ«Èܽ⣬²¢Óд̼¤ÐÔÆøζµÄÆøÌå²úÉú£¬Ôò¿ÉÒÔÈ·¶¨²úÆ·Öк¬ÓÐNa2SO3ºÍNa2SO4¡£
¢ÚÒòΪÑÇÁòËáÄÆÒ×±»Ñõ»¯Éú³ÉÁòËáÄÆ£¬ËùÒÔΪ¼õÉÙ×°ÖÃCÖÐÉú³ÉNa2SO4µÄÁ¿£¬¸Ä½øºóµÄ²Ù×÷ÊÇÏÈÏòAÖÐÉÕÆ¿µÎ¼ÓŨÁòËᣬ²úÉúµÄÆøÌ彫װÖÃÖеĿÕÆøÅž¡ºó£¬ÔÙÏòCÖÐÉÕÆ¿¼ÓÈëÁò»¯ÄƺÍ̼ËáÄƵĻìºÏÈÜÒº¡£
£¨4£©Na2S2O35H2OµÄÈܽâ¶ÈËæζÈÉý¸ßÏÔÖøÔö´ó£¬ËùµÃ²úƷͨ¹ýÀäÈ´½á¾§»òÖؽᾧ·½·¨Ìá´¿¡£
¢ò£®A¡¢ÌúÊÇÑô¼«£¬µ«ÈÜÒºÏÔ¼îÐÔ£¬²»¿ÉÄÜÉú³ÉH+£¬A´íÎó£»B¡¢µç½âʱµç×ÓµÄÁ÷¶¯·½ÏòΪ£º¸º¼«¡úNiµç¼«£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÊÇÀë×Óµ¼µç£¬µç×ÓÔÙͨ¹ýÊÇFeµç¼«¡úÕý¼«£¬B´íÎó£»C¡¢ÒòÑô¼«ÏûºÄOH££¬¹ÊOH£Í¨¹ýÒõÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤×Ô×óÏòÓÒÒƶ¯£¬C´íÎó£»D¡¢µç½âʱÑô¼«ÎüÒýOH£¶øʹ¸½½üµÄpH½µµÍ¡¢Òõ¼«ÇøÒòOH£ÏòÓÒ²àÒƶ¯¶øpHÉý¸ß£»ÒòΪ×Ü·´Ó¦ÏûºÄOH££¬³·È¥¸ôĤ»ìºÏºó£¬ÓëÔÈÜÒº±È½ÏpH½µµÍ£¬DÕýÈ·£¬´ð°¸Ñ¡ABC¡£