ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
ÒÑÖªÔÚpHΪ4¡«5µÄÈÜÒºÖУ¬Cu2+¼¸ºõ²»Ë®½â£¬¶øFe3+¼¸ºõÍêÈ«Ë®½â£®Ä³Ñ§ÉúÄâÓõç½âCuSO4ÈÜÒºµÄ·½·¨²â¶¨ÍµÄÏà¶ÔÔ×ÓÖÊÁ¿£®ÆäʵÑéÁ÷³ÌͼÈçÏ£º
ÊԻشðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©²½Öè¢ÙÖмÓÈëAµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½Îª £¬Æä×÷ÓÃÊÇ £»³ÁµíÎïBÊÇ £¨Ìѧʽ£©£®
£¨2£©²½Öè¢ÚÖÐËùÓò¿·ÖÒÇÆ÷ÈçÓÒ2ͼËùʾ£ºÔòAÓ¦Á¬½ÓÖ±Á÷µçÔ´µÄ ¼«£®
£¨3£©ÏÂÁÐʵÑé²Ù×÷Êô²»±ØÒªµÄÊÇ £¨Ìî×Öĸ£©£®
A£®³ÆÁ¿µç½âÇ°µç¼«µÄÖÊÁ¿
B£®µç½âºóµç¼«ÔÚºæ¸ÉÇ°£¬±ØÐëÓÃÕôÁóË®³åÏ´
C£®¹Îϵç½âºóµç¼«ÉϵÄÍ£¬²¢ÇåÏ´¡¢³ÆÁ¿
D£®µç¼«ÔÚºæ¸É³ÆÖصIJÙ×÷ÖбØÐë°´ÈçÏÂ˳Ðò£ººæ¸É¡ú³ÆÖØ¡úÔÙºæ¸É¡úÔÙ³ÆÖؽøÐÐÁ½´Î
E£®ÔÚ¿ÕÆøÖкæ¸Éµç¼«£¬±ØÐë²ÉÓõÍκæ¸É·¨
£¨4£©µç½âºóÏòÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëʯÈïÊÔÒº£¬¹Û²ìµ½µÄÏÖÏóÊÇ £®
ÊԻشðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©²½Öè¢ÙÖмÓÈëAµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½Îª
£¨2£©²½Öè¢ÚÖÐËùÓò¿·ÖÒÇÆ÷ÈçÓÒ2ͼËùʾ£ºÔòAÓ¦Á¬½ÓÖ±Á÷µçÔ´µÄ
£¨3£©ÏÂÁÐʵÑé²Ù×÷Êô²»±ØÒªµÄÊÇ
A£®³ÆÁ¿µç½âÇ°µç¼«µÄÖÊÁ¿
B£®µç½âºóµç¼«ÔÚºæ¸ÉÇ°£¬±ØÐëÓÃÕôÁóË®³åÏ´
C£®¹Îϵç½âºóµç¼«ÉϵÄÍ£¬²¢ÇåÏ´¡¢³ÆÁ¿
D£®µç¼«ÔÚºæ¸É³ÆÖصIJÙ×÷ÖбØÐë°´ÈçÏÂ˳Ðò£ººæ¸É¡ú³ÆÖØ¡úÔÙºæ¸É¡úÔÙ³ÆÖؽøÐÐÁ½´Î
E£®ÔÚ¿ÕÆøÖкæ¸Éµç¼«£¬±ØÐë²ÉÓõÍκæ¸É·¨
£¨4£©µç½âºóÏòÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëʯÈïÊÔÒº£¬¹Û²ìµ½µÄÏÖÏóÊÇ
·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©pHΪ4¡«5µÄÌõ¼þÏ£¬Cu2+¼¸ºõ²»Ë®½â£¬¶øFe3+¼¸ºõÍêÈ«Ë®½â£¬¼ÓÈëÉÔ¹ýÁ¿µÄCuO£¬¿ÉÒԵõ½´¿¾»µÄÁòËáÍÈÜÒº£¬¹Ê¼ÓÈëCuOµ÷½ÚpHÖµ£¬Fe3+ÍêÈ«Ë®½âÐγÉFe£¨OH£©3³Áµí¶ø³ýÈ¥£»
£¨2£©µç½âÉú³ÉÍÓëÑõÆø£¬¹ÊCuµç¼«Á¬½ÓµçÔ´µÄ¸º¼«£¬Ê¯Ä«µç¼«BÁ¬½ÓµçÔ´µÄÑô¼«£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×Óʧµç×Ó·¢ÉúÑõ»¯·´Ó¦£»
£¨3£©ÐèҪ׼ȷ³ÆÁ¿Éú³É͵ÄÖÊÁ¿£¬Íµç¼«Ç°ºóÖÊÁ¿Ö®²îΪÉú³ÉµÄCuµÄÖÊÁ¿£¬Cuµç½â±íÃæ»á¸½×ÅÀë×Ó£¬Ó¦ÇåÏ´³ýÈ¥£¬ÓÉÓÚÍÓëÑõÆø·¢Éú·´Ó¦£¬ÔÚ¿ÕÆø´æÔÚÇé¿öÏ£¬Ó¦µÍκæ¸É£¬³ÆÁ¿Á½´ÎÖ®²îСÓÚÌìƽµÄ¸ÐÁ¿£¬ËµÃ÷ºæ¸É£»
£¨4£©µç½âÁòËáÍÈÜÒºÉú³ÉCu¡¢ÑõÆøÓëÁòËᣮ
£¨2£©µç½âÉú³ÉÍÓëÑõÆø£¬¹ÊCuµç¼«Á¬½ÓµçÔ´µÄ¸º¼«£¬Ê¯Ä«µç¼«BÁ¬½ÓµçÔ´µÄÑô¼«£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×Óʧµç×Ó·¢ÉúÑõ»¯·´Ó¦£»
£¨3£©ÐèҪ׼ȷ³ÆÁ¿Éú³É͵ÄÖÊÁ¿£¬Íµç¼«Ç°ºóÖÊÁ¿Ö®²îΪÉú³ÉµÄCuµÄÖÊÁ¿£¬Cuµç½â±íÃæ»á¸½×ÅÀë×Ó£¬Ó¦ÇåÏ´³ýÈ¥£¬ÓÉÓÚÍÓëÑõÆø·¢Éú·´Ó¦£¬ÔÚ¿ÕÆø´æÔÚÇé¿öÏ£¬Ó¦µÍκæ¸É£¬³ÆÁ¿Á½´ÎÖ®²îСÓÚÌìƽµÄ¸ÐÁ¿£¬ËµÃ÷ºæ¸É£»
£¨4£©µç½âÁòËáÍÈÜÒºÉú³ÉCu¡¢ÑõÆøÓëÁòËᣮ
½â´ð£º½â£º£¨1£©ÓÉÓÚpHΪ4¡«5µÄÌõ¼þÏ£¬Cu2+¼¸ºõ²»Ë®½â£¬¶øFe3+¼¸ºõÍêÈ«Ë®½â£¬¼ÓÈëÉÔ¹ýÁ¿µÄCuO£¬¿ÉÒԵõ½´¿¾»µÄÁòËáÍÈÜÒº£¬¹Ê¼ÓÈëCuOͨ¹ýÏûºÄH+¶øµ÷ÕûÈÜÒºµÄpHʹ֮Éý¸ß£¬Ê¹Fe3+ÍêÈ«Ë®½âÐγÉFe£¨OH£©3³Áµí¶ø³ýÈ¥£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCuO£»µ÷½ÚÈÜÒºµÄpHÔÚ4¡«5Ö®¼äʹFe3+ÍêÈ«Ë®½â£¬Fe£¨OH£©3£»
£¨2£©µç½âÉú³ÉCuÓëÑõÆø£¬¹ÊCuµç¼«Á¬½ÓµçÔ´µÄ¸º¼«£¬Ê¯Ä«µç¼«Á¬½ÓµçÔ´µÄÑô¼«£¬¹ÊA¡¢B·Ö±ðÁ¬Ö±Á÷µçÔ´µÄ¸º¼«¡¢Õý¼«£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º¸º£»
£¨3£©A£®¸ù¾Ýµç¼«ÉÏÎö³ö͵ÄÖÊÁ¿ÒÔ¼°µç¼«ÉϲúÉúÆøÌåµÄÌå»ýÀ´²â¶¨ÍµÄÏà¶ÔÔ×ÓÖÊÁ¿£¬ÔòÐèÒª³ÆÁ¿µç½âÇ°ºóµç¼«µÄÖÊÁ¿£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B£®µç½âºó£¬µç¼«ÔÚºæ¸É³ÆÖØÇ°£¬±ØÐëÓÃÕôÁóË®³åÏ´£¬¼õÉÙÎó²î£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C£®¹Îϵç½âºóµç¼«ÉÏÎö³öµÄÍ£¬²¢ÇåÏ´¡¢³ÆÖØ£¬²Ù×÷²»¾«È·£¬Äѵõ½×¼È·µÄCuµÄÖÊÁ¿£¬¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
D£®µç¼«ÔÚºæ¸É³ÆÖصIJÙ×÷ÖбØÐë°´¡°ºæ¸É-³ÆÖØ-ÔÙºæ¸É-ÔÙ³ÆÖØ¡±½øÐУ¬·ÀÖ¹Cu±»Ñõ»¯£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£»
E£®ÔÚÓпÕÆø´æÔÚµÄÇé¿öÏ£¬ºæ¸Éµç¼«±ØÐë²ÉÓõÍκæ¸ÉµÄ·½·¨£¬·ÀÖ¹Cu±»Ñõ»¯£¬¹ÊE´íÎó£»
¹ÊÑ¡C£»
£¨4£©µç½âÁòËáÍÈÜÒºÉú³ÉCu¡¢ÑõÆøÓëÁòËᣬµç½âµÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£º2Cu2++2H2O
2Cu¡ý+O2¡ü+4H+£¬ÈÜÒºÏÔËáÐÔ£¬¼ÓÈëʯÈïÊÔÒº±äºìÉ«£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÈÜÒº±äºìÉ«£®
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCuO£»µ÷½ÚÈÜÒºµÄpHÔÚ4¡«5Ö®¼äʹFe3+ÍêÈ«Ë®½â£¬Fe£¨OH£©3£»
£¨2£©µç½âÉú³ÉCuÓëÑõÆø£¬¹ÊCuµç¼«Á¬½ÓµçÔ´µÄ¸º¼«£¬Ê¯Ä«µç¼«Á¬½ÓµçÔ´µÄÑô¼«£¬¹ÊA¡¢B·Ö±ðÁ¬Ö±Á÷µçÔ´µÄ¸º¼«¡¢Õý¼«£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º¸º£»
£¨3£©A£®¸ù¾Ýµç¼«ÉÏÎö³ö͵ÄÖÊÁ¿ÒÔ¼°µç¼«ÉϲúÉúÆøÌåµÄÌå»ýÀ´²â¶¨ÍµÄÏà¶ÔÔ×ÓÖÊÁ¿£¬ÔòÐèÒª³ÆÁ¿µç½âÇ°ºóµç¼«µÄÖÊÁ¿£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B£®µç½âºó£¬µç¼«ÔÚºæ¸É³ÆÖØÇ°£¬±ØÐëÓÃÕôÁóË®³åÏ´£¬¼õÉÙÎó²î£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C£®¹Îϵç½âºóµç¼«ÉÏÎö³öµÄÍ£¬²¢ÇåÏ´¡¢³ÆÖØ£¬²Ù×÷²»¾«È·£¬Äѵõ½×¼È·µÄCuµÄÖÊÁ¿£¬¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
D£®µç¼«ÔÚºæ¸É³ÆÖصIJÙ×÷ÖбØÐë°´¡°ºæ¸É-³ÆÖØ-ÔÙºæ¸É-ÔÙ³ÆÖØ¡±½øÐУ¬·ÀÖ¹Cu±»Ñõ»¯£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£»
E£®ÔÚÓпÕÆø´æÔÚµÄÇé¿öÏ£¬ºæ¸Éµç¼«±ØÐë²ÉÓõÍκæ¸ÉµÄ·½·¨£¬·ÀÖ¹Cu±»Ñõ»¯£¬¹ÊE´íÎó£»
¹ÊÑ¡C£»
£¨4£©µç½âÁòËáÍÈÜÒºÉú³ÉCu¡¢ÑõÆøÓëÁòËᣬµç½âµÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£º2Cu2++2H2O
| ||
µãÆÀ£º±¾ÌâÒԲⶨCuµÄÏà¶ÔÔ×ÓÖÊÁ¿ÎªÔØÌ壬¿¼²éµç½âÔÀí¡¢¶Ô¹¤ÒÕÁ÷³ÌµÄÀí½â¡¢³£Óû¯Ñ§ÓÃÓï¡¢»¯Ñ§¼ÆËãµÈ£¬ÄѶÈÖеȣ¬Àí½â¹¤ÒÕÁ÷³ÌÊǽâÌâµÄ¹Ø¼ü£¬ÐèҪѧÉú¾ßÓÐÔúʵµÄ»ù´¡Óë×ÛºÏÔËÓÃ֪ʶ·ÖÎö¡¢½â¾öÎÊÌâµÄÄÜÁ¦£®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿