题目内容

已知物质A分子式为C3H4O2,显酸性。F为由七个原子组成的环状结构,分子式为C6H8O4 。请根据以下框图回答问题

(1)A的结构简式为                              
(2)反应①的反应类型为                       
(3)化合物B中含氧官能团的名称是                 
(4)D和E生成F的化学方程式                                         
D和E按照1:1反应也可生成高聚物,请写出生成该高聚物的化学反应方程式:                  
(5)G生成H的化学方程式                                                 
(6)写出C的同分异构体中属于酯类物质的结构简式                                                                              (至少写3个)

(1)CH2=CHCOOH   (2)加成反应     (3)羧基;
(4)


(5)OHCCH2COOH+2Ag(NH3)2OH NH4OOCCH2COONH4+2NH3+2Ag↓+ H2O
(6)CH3CHBrOOCH    BrCH2CH2OOCH   CH3COOCH2Br       CH2BrCOOCH3

解析试题分析:(1)物质A分子式为C3H4O2,显酸性,说明A分子中存在羧基,所以A的结构简式为
CH2=CHCOOH;
(2)由D发生的反应判断D中存在羟基,所以B中存在溴原子,则反应①的反应类型为加成反应;
(3)B中的含氧官能团是羧基;
(4)D能被氧化成醛,说明D中羟基在端位,是β-羟基丙酸,则E是α-羟基丙酸,所以D与E反应的化学方程式为
D和E按照1:1发生脱水缩合反应生成高聚物,化学方程式为


(5)G中含醛基,发生银镜反应的化学方程式为OHCCH2COOH+2Ag(NH3)2OH NH4OOCCH2COONH4+2NH3+2Ag↓+ H2O
(6)C中有1个溴原子和1个羧基,其同分异构体中属于酯类的有4种,分别是CH3CHBrOOCH    BrCH2CH2OOCH   CH3COOCH2Br       CH2BrCOOCH3
考点:考查有机物的结构简式的判断及书写,官能团、反应类型的判断,化学方程式的书写,同分异构体的判断及书写

练习册系列答案
相关题目

(15分)有机物A为芳香烃,质谱分析表明其相对分子质量为92,某课题小组以A为起始原料可以合成酯类香料H和高分子化合物I,其相关反应如下图所示:                                                       
已知以下信息:
①碳烯(:CH2)又称卡宾,它十分活跃,很容易用它的两个未成对电子插在烷烃分子的C-H键之间使碳链增长。
②通常在同一个碳原子连有两个羟基不稳定,易脱水形成羰基。
回答下列问题:

(1)A的化学名称为         
(2)由B生成C的化学方程式为                ,该反应类型为          。                                                              (3)G的结构简式为           
(4)请写出由F生成I的化学方程式                                             
(5)写出G到H的反应方程式                                       。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
(6)H的所有同分异构体中,满足下列条件的共有        种;
①含有苯环        ②苯环上只有一个取代基          ③属于酯类
其中核磁共振氢谱有五种不同化学环境的氢,且峰面积比为1:1:2:2:6的是           (写结构简式)。

违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com

精英家教网