ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
1£®Ä³Ð£»¯Ñ§Ð¡×éѧÉú½øÐС°ÆøÌåÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿µÄ²â¶¨¡±µÄʵÑ飮²Ù×÷ÈçÏ£ºÓÃÖÊÁ¿ºÍÈÝ»ý¶¼ÏàµÈµÄÉÕÆ¿ÊÕ¼¯ÆøÌ壬³ÆÁ¿ÊÕ¼¯ÂúÆøÌåµÄÉÕÆ¿ÖÊÁ¿£®Êý¾Ý¼ûÏÂ±í£¨ÒÑ»»Ëã³É±ê×¼×´¿öϵÄÊýÖµ£©£®ÆøÌå | A | B | C | D | E | F |
ÉÕÆ¿ºÍÆøÌåµÄ×ÜÖÊÁ¿£¨g£© | 48.4082 | 48.4082 | 48.4082 | 48.3822 | 48.4342 | 48.8762 |
£¨1£©ÉÏÊöÁùÖÖÆøÌåÖУ¬Äܹ»Ê¹Æ·ºìÈÜÒºÍÊÉ«µÄÊÇ£¨Ð´³ö»¯Ñ§Ê½£©SO2£®
£¨2£©EµÄÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿ÊÇ30£®
£¨3£©ÊµÑéÊÒÖÆÈ¡ÉÙÁ¿DµÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊÇCaC2+2H2O¨TCa£¨OH£©2+C2H2¡ü£®
£¨4£©A¡¢B¡¢C¿ÉÄܵĻ¯Ñ§Ê½ÊÇC2H4¡¢CO¡¢N2£®
·ÖÎö £¨1£©ÄÜʹƷºìÍÊÉ«µÄÊǶþÑõ»¯Áò£»
£¨2£©¸ù¾Ý¹«Ê½m=nM=$\frac{V}{{V}_{m}}$MÀ´¼ÆËã¸÷·Ö×ÓµÄÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿£»
£¨3£©ÊµÑéÊÒÓõçʯºÍˮ֮¼ä·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÒÒȲ£»
£¨4£©A¡¢B¡¢CµÄÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿È·¶¨Æä·Ö×ÓʽµÄ¿ÉÄÜÇé¿ö£®
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©¸ù¾ÝÌâÒ⣬½áºÏ¹«Ê½m=nM=$\frac{V}{{V}_{m}}$M£¬ËùÒÔ48.421 2g-48.408 2g=[29-Mr£¨A£©]g•mol-1¡Á$\frac{0.293L}{22.4L/mol}$£¬½âµÃMr£¨A£©=28£¬ÔòMr£¨B£©=Mr£¨C£©=Mr£¨A£©=28£¬Í¬48.421 2g-48.3822g=[29-Mr£¨D£©]g•mol-1¡Á$\frac{0.293L}{22.4L/mol}$£¬½âµÃ£ºMr£¨D£©=26£¬48.421 2g-48.4342g=[29-Mr£¨E£©]g•mol-1¡Á$\frac{0.293L}{22.4L/mol}$£¬½âµÃMr£¨E£©=30£¬48.421 2g-48.8762=[29-Mr£¨F£©]g•mol-1¡Á$\frac{0.293L}{22.4L/mol}$£¬½âµÃMr£¨F£©=64£¬Ïà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿Îª28µÄÆøÌå¿ÉÄÜÓÐC2H4¡¢CO¡¢N2µÈ£®Ïà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿Îª26µÄÆøÌåΪC2H2£¬Ïà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿Îª64µÄÆøÌåΪSO2£¬Ïà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿Îª30µÄÆøÌåΪC2H6£¬Ïà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿Îª28µÄÆøÌåΪC2H4¡¢CO¡¢N2£¬ÕâЩÆøÌåÖУ¬ÄÜʹƷºìÍÊÉ«µÄÊǶþÑõ»¯Áò£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºSO2£»
£¨2£©¸ù¾Ý£¨1£©µÄ·ÖÎöÖªµÀ£ºEµÄÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿ÊÇ30£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º30£»
£¨3£©ÊµÑéÊÒÓõçʯºÍˮ֮¼ä·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÒÒȲ£¬¼´CaC2+2H2O¨TCa£¨OH£©2+C2H2¡ü£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCaC2+2H2O¨TCa£¨OH£©2+C2H2¡ü£»
£¨4£©¸ù¾Ý£¨1£©µÄ·ÖÎö£¬Mr£¨B£©=Mr£¨C£©=Mr£¨A£©=28£¬¿ÉÒÔÊÇC2H4¡¢CO¡¢N2£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºC2H4¡¢CO¡¢N2£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁËÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿µÄ²â¶¨£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ¬Ã÷È·²â¶¨ÔÀíΪ½â´ð¹Ø¼ü£¬×¢ÒâÕÆÎÕÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ÓëĦ¶ûÖÊÁ¿¡¢ÆøÌåĦ¶ûÌå»ýÖ®¼äµÄ¹Øϵ£¬ÊÔÌâ²àÖØ¿¼²éѧÉúµÄ·ÖÎöÄÜÁ¦¼°Áé»îÓ¦ÓÃÄÜÁ¦£®
A£® | µÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈµÄFeBr2ºÍCuCl2µÄ»ìºÏÒºÓöèÐԵ缫µç½â×î³õ·¢Éú£ºCu2++2Br-¨TCu¡ý+Br2 | |
B£® | H218OÖÐͶÈëNa2O2£º2H218O+2Na2O2¨T4Na++4OH-+18O2¡ü | |
C£® | ÏòÃ÷·¯ÈÜÒºÖÐÖðµÎ¼ÓÈëBa£¨OH£©2ÈÜÒºµ½SO42-Ç¡ºÃ³ÁµíÍêÈ«£º 2Al3++3SO42-+3Ba2++6OH-¨T2Al£¨OH£©3¡ý+3BaSO4¡ý | |
D£® | Fe£¨NO3£©3µÄËáÐÔÈÜÒºÖÐͨÈë×ãÁ¿Áò»¯Ç⣺2Fe3++H2S¨T2Fe2++S¡ý+2H+ |
A£® | Ë®¾§ | B£® | ½ð¸Õʯ | C£® | ¸É±ù | D£® | ¾§Ìå¹è |
A£® | ÓÉC£¨s½ð¸Õʯ£©=C£¨sʯī£©¡÷H=-1.19kJ/mol¿É֪ʯī±È½ð¸ÕʯÎȶ¨ | |
B£® | µÈÖÊÁ¿µÄÁò¹ÌÌåºÍÁòÕôÆø·Ö±ðÍêȫȼÉÕ£¬Ç°Õ߷ųöµÄÈÈÁ¿¶à | |
C£® | ÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÖеĻ¯Ñ§¼ÆÁ¿Êý¿ÉÒÔ±íʾ·´Ó³ÎïÖʺÍÉú³ÉÎïµÄ΢Á£¸öÊý | |
D£® | 2g H2ÍêȫȼÉÕÉú³ÉҺ̬ˮÊǽ«·Å³ö285.8kJµÄÈÈ£¬Ôò´Ë·´Ó¦µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ2H2O£¨l£©=2H2£¨g£©+O2£¨l£©¡÷H=-285.8KJ/mol |
A£® | ÎÞÉ«ÈÜÒºÖУºCl-£¬Na+£¬Fe3+£¬SO42- | |
B£® | Ë®µçÀëµÄH+Ũ¶Èc£¨H+£©=10-12mol/LµÄÈÜÒºÖУºCl-£¬CO32-£¬NH4+£¬S2O32- | |
C£® | ʹpH=1ÈÜÒºÖУºK+¡¢Fe2+¡¢NO3-¡¢Cl- | |
D£® | º¬ÓÐHCO3-µÄÈÜÒºÖУºNH4+¡¢K+¡¢Na+¡¢SO32-¡¢SO42- |
£¨1£©½«PM2.5Ñù±¾ÓÃÕôÁóË®´¦ÀíÖƳɴý²âÊÔÑù£®Èô²âµÃ¸ÃÊÔÑùËùº¬Ë®ÈÜÐÔÎÞ»úÀë×ӵĻ¯Ñ§×é·Ö¼°Æäƽ¾ùŨ¶ÈÈçÏÂ±í£º
Àë×Ó | K+ | Na+ | NH4+ | SO42- | NO3- | Cl- |
Ũ¶È/mol•L-1 | 4¡Á10-6 | 6¡Á10-6 | 2¡Á10-5 | 4¡Á10-5 | 3¡Á10-5 | 2¡Á10-5 |
£¨2£©Îª¼õÉÙSO2µÄÅÅ·Å£¬³£²ÉÈ¡µÄ´ëÊ©ÓУº
¢Ù½«Ãº×ª»¯ÎªÇå½àÆøÌåȼÁÏ£®
ÒÑÖª£ºH2£¨g£©+$\frac{1}{2}$O2£¨g£©=H2O£¨g£©¡÷H=-241.8kJ•mol-1
C£¨s£©+$\frac{1}{2}$O2£¨g£©=CO£¨g£©¡÷H=-110.5kJ•mol-1
д³ö½¹Ì¿ÓëË®ÕôÆø·´Ó¦µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£ºC£¨s£©+H2O£¨g£©¨TCO£¨g£©+H2£¨g£©£»¡÷H=+13l.30kJ•mol-1£®
¢ÚÏ´µÓº¬SO2µÄÑÌÆø£®ÒÔÏÂÎïÖÊ¿É×÷Ï´µÓ¼ÁµÄÊÇab£®
a£®Ca£¨OH£©2 b£®Na2CO3 c£®CaCl2d£®NaHSO3
£¨3£©Æû³µÎ²ÆøÖÐNOxºÍCOµÄÉú³É¼°×ª»¯
¢ÙÒÑÖªÆû¸×ÖÐÉú³ÉNOµÄ·´Ó¦Îª£ºN2£¨g£©+O2£¨g£©?2NO£¨g£©¡÷H£¾0£¬Èô1mol¿ÕÆøº¬0.8molN2ºÍ0.2molO2£¬1300¡æʱÔÚÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷ÄÚ·´Ó¦´ïµ½Æ½ºâ£¬²âµÃNOΪ8¡Á10-4mol£®¼ÆËã¸ÃζÈϵÄƽºâ³£ÊýK=4¡Á10-6£®
Æû³µÆô¶¯ºó£¬Æû¸×ζÈÔ½¸ß£¬µ¥Î»Ê±¼äÄÚNOÅÅ·ÅÁ¿Ô½´ó£¬ÔÒòÊǸ÷´Ó¦ÊÇÎüÈÈ·´Ó¦£¬Î¶ÈÉý¸ß£¬·´Ó¦ËÙÂʼӿ죬ƽºâÏòÕý·½ÏòÒƶ¯£¬µ¥Î»Ê±¼äÄÚ²úÉúµÄNO¶à£®
¢ÚÆû³µÈ¼ÓͲ»ÍêȫȼÉÕʱ²úÉúCO£¬ÓÐÈËÉèÏë°´ÏÂÁз´Ó¦³ýÈ¥CO£º2CO£¨g£©=2C£¨s£©+O2£¨g£©
ÒÑÖª¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ¡÷H£¾0£¬¼òÊö¸ÃÉèÏëÄÜ·ñʵÏÖµÄÒÀ¾Ý£º²»ÄÜʵÏÖ£¬ÒòΪ¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ¡÷H£¾0£¬¡÷S£¼0£¬ËùÒÔ¡÷H-T¡÷S£¾0£¬ÔÚÈκÎζÈϾù²»ÄÜ×Ô·¢½øÐУ®
¢ÛÄ¿Ç°£¬ÔÚÆû³µÎ²ÆøϵͳÖÐ×°Öô߻¯×ª»¯Æ÷¿É¼õÉÙCOºÍNOµÄÎÛȾ£¬Æ仯ѧ·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪ2CO+2N0$\frac{\underline{\;´ß»¯¼Á\;}}{\;}$2CO2+N2£®
A£® | ÓÃ25mLµÎ¶¨¹Ü×öÖк͵ζ¨ÊµÑéʱ£¬ÓÃȥijŨ¶ÈµÄ¼îÈÜÒº21.70mL | |
B£® | ÓÃÍÐÅÌÌìƽ³ÆµÃ25.20g NaCl | |
C£® | Óù㷺pHÊÔÖ½²âµÃijÈÜÒºµÄpHΪ2.3 | |
D£® | ÓÃ10mLÁ¿Í²Á¿È¡7.13mLÏ¡ÑÎËá |