ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
£¨13·Ö£©
£¨1£©³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«1 mL pH£½1µÄH2SO4ÈÜÒº¼ÓˮϡÊ͵½100 mL£¬Ï¡ÊͺóµÄÈÜÒºÖУ½ ¡£
£¨2£©Ä³Î¶Èʱ£¬²âµÃ0. 01 mol¡¤L£1µÄNaOHÈÜÒºµÄpHΪ11£¬ÔòÔÚ¸ÃζÈÏÂË®µÄÀë×Ó»ý³£ÊýKW£½ _£¬¸ÃÎÂ¶È 25¡æ¡£
£¨3£©³£ÎÂÏ£¬pH£½13µÄBa(OH)2ÈÜÒºaLÓëpH£½3µÄH2SO4ÈÜÒºbL»ìºÏ(»ìºÏºóÈÜÒºÌå»ý±ä»¯ºöÂÔ²»¼Æ)¡£
ÈôËùµÃ»ìºÏÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬Ôòa¡Ãb£½
ÈôËùµÃ»ìºÏÈÜÒºpH£½12£¬Ôòa¡Ãb£½
£¨4£©ÔÚ(2)ËùÊöζÈÏ£¬½«pH£½aµÄNaOHÈÜÒºVaLÓëpH£½bµÄÁòËáVbL»ìºÏ¡£
ÈôËùµÃ»ìºÏҺΪÖÐÐÔ£¬ÇÒa£½12£¬b£½2£¬ÔòVa¡ÃVb£½
ÈôËùµÃ»ìºÏÒºµÄpH£½10£¬ÇÒa£½12£¬b£½2£¬ÔòVa¡ÃVb£½
£¨13·Ö£© (1) 108¡¡ (2) 1¡Á10£13¡¡ ¸ßÓÚ£¨1·Ö£©¡¡¡¡
(3) 1£º100¡¡ 11£º90¡¡ (4) 1£º10¡¡ 1£º9
½âÎö:ÂÔ
³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«Ä³Ò»ÔªËáHAºÍNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬Á½ÖÖÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈºÍ»ìºÏºóËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄpHÈçÏÂ±í£º
ʵÑé±àºÅ | HA | NaOH | »ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH |
¼× | [HA]£½0.2 mol¡¤L£1 | [NaOH]=0.2 mol¡¤L£1 | pH=a |
ÒÒ | [HA]=c1 mol¡¤L£1 | [NaOH]=0.2 mol¡¤L£1 | pH=7 |
±û | [HA]=0.1 mol¡¤L£1 | [NaOH]=0.1 mol¡¤L£1 | pH=9 |
¶¡ | pH=2 | pH£½12 | pH=b |
Çë»Ø´ð£º
£¨1£©²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËû×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´Ó¼××éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬ÈçºÎÓÃa£¨»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH£©À´ËµÃ÷HAÊÇÇ¿ËỹÊÇÈõË᣿
£¨2£©c1 £¨Ìî¡°£¼¡±¡¢¡°£¾¡±»ò¡°£½¡±£©0.2 mol¡¤L£1¡£ÒÒ×éʵÑéÖÐHAºÍNaOHÈÜÒº»ìºÏÇ°£¬HAÈÜÒºÖÐ[A£]ÓëNaOHÈÜÒºÖÐ[Na£«]µÄ¹ØϵÊÇ £¨´ÓÏÂÃæÑ¡ÏîÖÐÑ¡ÔñÌî¿Õ£©
A.Ç°Õß´ó B.ºóÕß´ó C.¶þÕßÏàµÈ D.ÎÞ·¨ÅжÏ
£¨3£©´Ó±û×éʵÑé½á¹û·ÖÎö£¬¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ £¬ÆäÖУ¬[A£]= mol¡¤L£1£¨²»ÄÜ×ö½üËƼÆË㣬»Ø´ð׼ȷֵ£¬½á¹û²»Ò»¶¨Òª»¯¼ò£©¡£
£¨4£©¶¡×éʵÑéÖУ¬HAºÍNaOHÈÜÒº»ìºÏÇ°[HA] ¡¡£¨Ìî¡°£¼¡±¡¢¡°£¾¡±»ò¡°£½¡±£©[NaOH]£¬ b ¡¡¡¡7£¨Ìî¡°£¼¡±¡¢¡°£¾¡±»ò¡°£½¡±£©
³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«Ä³Ò»ÔªËáHAºÍNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬Á½ÖÖÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈºÍ»ìºÏºóËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄpHÈçÏÂ±í£º
ʵÑé±àºÅ |
HA |
NaOH |
»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH |
¼× |
[HA]£½0.2 mol¡¤L£1 |
[NaOH]=0.2 mol¡¤L£1 |
pH=a |
ÒÒ |
[HA]=c1 mol¡¤L£1 |
[NaOH]=0.2 mol¡¤L£1 |
pH=7 |
±û |
[HA]=0.1 mol¡¤L£1 |
[NaOH]=0.1 mol¡¤L£1 |
pH=9 |
¶¡ |
pH=2 |
pH£½12 |
pH=b |
Çë»Ø´ð£º
£¨1£©²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËû×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´Ó¼××éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬ÈçºÎÓÃa£¨»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH£©À´ËµÃ÷HAÊÇÇ¿ËỹÊÇÈõË᣿
£¨2£©c1 £¨Ìî¡°£¼¡±¡¢¡°£¾¡±»ò¡°£½¡±£©0.2 mol¡¤L£1¡£ÒÒ×éʵÑéÖÐHAºÍNaOHÈÜÒº»ìºÏÇ°£¬HAÈÜÒºÖÐ[A£]ÓëNaOHÈÜÒºÖÐ[Na£«]µÄ¹ØϵÊÇ £¨´ÓÏÂÃæÑ¡ÏîÖÐÑ¡ÔñÌî¿Õ£©
A.Ç°Õß´ó B.ºóÕß´ó C.¶þÕßÏàµÈ D.ÎÞ·¨ÅжÏ
£¨3£©´Ó±û×éʵÑé½á¹û·ÖÎö£¬¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ £¬ÆäÖУ¬[A£]= mol¡¤L£1£¨²»ÄÜ×ö½üËƼÆË㣬»Ø´ð׼ȷֵ£¬½á¹û²»Ò»¶¨Òª»¯¼ò£©¡£
£¨4£©¶¡×éʵÑéÖУ¬HAºÍNaOHÈÜÒº»ìºÏÇ°[HA] ¡¡£¨Ìî¡°£¼¡±¡¢¡°£¾¡±»ò¡°£½¡±£©[NaOH]£¬ b ¡¡¡¡7£¨Ìî¡°£¼¡±¡¢¡°£¾¡±»ò¡°£½¡±£©