题目内容
【题目】根据题意填空
(1)科学家常用量热计来直接测定某一反应的反应热,现测得:CH3OH(g)+O2(g)=CO2(g)+2H2O(g)△H=﹣192.9kJ/mol,又知H2O(l)=H2O(g)△H=+44kJ/mol,请写出32g CH3OH(g)完全燃烧生成液态水的热化学方程式 .
(2)利用水煤气合成二甲醚的三步反应如下:
①2H2(g)+CO(g)═CH3OH(g)△H=﹣90.8kJmol﹣11′
②2CH3OH(g)═CH3OCH3(g)+H2O(g)△H=﹣23.5kJmol﹣1
③CO(g)+H2O(g)═CO2(g)+H2(g)△H=﹣41.3kJmol﹣1
总反应:3H2(g)+3CO(g)═CH3OCH3(g)+CO2(g)的△H=
【答案】
(1)CH3OH(g)+ O2(g)=CO2(g)+2H2O(l)△H=﹣280.9kJ/mol
(2)﹣246.4kJ?mol﹣1
【解析】解:(1)①CH3OH(g)+ O2=CO2(g)+2H2O(g)△H=﹣192.9KJ/mol②H2O(l)=H2O(g)△=44KJ/mol,利用盖斯定律将①﹣②×2可得CH3OH(g)+ O2(g)=CO2(g)+2H2O
△H=(﹣192.9kJ/mol)﹣44KJ/mol×2=﹣280.9kJ/mol,
所以答案是:CH3OH(g)+ O2(g)=CO2(g)+2H2O(l)△H=﹣280.9kJ/mol;(2)①2H2(g)+CO(g)CH3OH(g)△H=﹣90.8kJmol﹣1②2CH3OH(g)CH3OCH3(g)+H2O(g)△H=﹣23.5kJmol﹣1③CO(g)+H2O(g)CO2(g)+H2(g)△H=﹣41.3kJmol﹣1
由盖斯定律②+③+①×2得到3H2(g)+3CO(g)CH3OCH3(g)+CO2(g)的△H=﹣246.4 kJmol﹣1 , 所以答案是:﹣246.4kJmol﹣1 .