ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
îÙ´ß»¯Å¼Áª·´Ó¦¿É±íʾΪ£ºR-X + CH2=CH-R¡¯R-CH="CH-R¡¯" + HX¡£ÃÀ¹ú»¯Ñ§¼ÒRichard F. HeckÒòÑо¿´Ë·´Ó¦»ñ2010Äêŵ±´¶û»¯Ñ§½±¡£ÒÔÏÂÊÇÀûÓÃîÙ´ß»¯Å¼Áª·´Ó¦ºÏ³ÉÒ»ÖÖÏãÁÏA£¨£©µÄÁ÷³Ì£º
Íê³ÉÏÂÁÐÌî¿Õ£º
£¨1£©Ð´³ö½á¹¹¼òʽ¡£B________________ E________________
£¨2£©Ð´³ö·´Ó¦¢ÚµÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ______________________________________________¡£
£¨3£©·´Ó¦¢ÜÊôÓÚ____________£¨Ìî·´Ó¦ÀàÐÍ£©¡£·´Ó¦¢ÝµÄÌõ¼þÊÇ____________¡£
£¨4£©ÎªÁË´Ù½ø·´Ó¦¢ÞµÄ½øÐУ¬Í¨³£¿ÉÒÔ¼ÓÈëÒ»ÖÖÏÔ_________µÄÎïÖÊ¡£
a. Ç¿ËáÐÔ b. ÈõËáÐÔ c. Èõ¼îÐÔ d. Ç¿¼îÐÔ
£¨5£©Ð´³öAµÄÁ½ÖÖ·ûºÏÏÂÁÐÌõ¼þµÄͬ·ÖÒì¹¹ÌåµÄ½á¹¹¼òʽ____________¡¢___________¡£
i. º¬ÓÐÁ½¸ö±½»·£¨³ý±½»·Íâ²»º¬ÆäËü»·×´½á¹¹£©£»
ii. Ö»´æÔÚËÄÖÖ»¯Ñ§»·¾³²»Í¬µÄÇâÔ×Ó¡£
£¨6£©½öÒÔBΪÓлúÔÁÏ£¬ÈÎÑ¡ÎÞ»úÊÔ¼Á£¬¾¹ýÈý²½·´Ó¦¿ÉµÃµ½Ò»ÖÖº¬ÓÐÁùÔª»·µÄõ¥¡£Ð´³öÏà¹Ø·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ¡£
Íê³ÉÏÂÁÐÌî¿Õ£º
£¨1£©Ð´³ö½á¹¹¼òʽ¡£B________________ E________________
£¨2£©Ð´³ö·´Ó¦¢ÚµÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ______________________________________________¡£
£¨3£©·´Ó¦¢ÜÊôÓÚ____________£¨Ìî·´Ó¦ÀàÐÍ£©¡£·´Ó¦¢ÝµÄÌõ¼þÊÇ____________¡£
£¨4£©ÎªÁË´Ù½ø·´Ó¦¢ÞµÄ½øÐУ¬Í¨³£¿ÉÒÔ¼ÓÈëÒ»ÖÖÏÔ_________µÄÎïÖÊ¡£
a. Ç¿ËáÐÔ b. ÈõËáÐÔ c. Èõ¼îÐÔ d. Ç¿¼îÐÔ
£¨5£©Ð´³öAµÄÁ½ÖÖ·ûºÏÏÂÁÐÌõ¼þµÄͬ·ÖÒì¹¹ÌåµÄ½á¹¹¼òʽ____________¡¢___________¡£
i. º¬ÓÐÁ½¸ö±½»·£¨³ý±½»·Íâ²»º¬ÆäËü»·×´½á¹¹£©£»
ii. Ö»´æÔÚËÄÖÖ»¯Ñ§»·¾³²»Í¬µÄÇâÔ×Ó¡£
£¨6£©½öÒÔBΪÓлúÔÁÏ£¬ÈÎÑ¡ÎÞ»úÊÔ¼Á£¬¾¹ýÈý²½·´Ó¦¿ÉµÃµ½Ò»ÖÖº¬ÓÐÁùÔª»·µÄõ¥¡£Ð´³öÏà¹Ø·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ¡£
£¨±¾Ìâ¹²12·Ö£©£¨1£© CH2(OH)CH2COOH£¨1·Ö£©£¬£¨1·Ö£©£»
£¨2£©CH2ClCH2COOH + 2NaOHCH2="CHCOONa" + NaCl + 2H2O£¨2·Ö£©£»
£¨3£©È¡´ú£¨1·Ö£©£¬Ìú·Û´ß»¯£¨1·Ö£©£»£¨4£© c£¨1·Ö£©
£¨5£©¡¢¡¢¡¢¡¢¡¢¡¢£¨2·Ö£¬ÈÎÑ¡Á½¸ö£¬ºÏÀí¼´¿É£©;
£¨6£©CH2OHCH2COOHCH2="CHCOOH" + H2O
£¨2£©CH2ClCH2COOH + 2NaOHCH2="CHCOONa" + NaCl + 2H2O£¨2·Ö£©£»
£¨3£©È¡´ú£¨1·Ö£©£¬Ìú·Û´ß»¯£¨1·Ö£©£»£¨4£© c£¨1·Ö£©
£¨5£©¡¢¡¢¡¢¡¢¡¢¡¢£¨2·Ö£¬ÈÎÑ¡Á½¸ö£¬ºÏÀí¼´¿É£©;
£¨6£©CH2OHCH2COOHCH2="CHCOOH" + H2O
ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©¸ù¾ÝCµÄ½á¹¹¼òʽºÍBµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½¿ÉÖª£¬BºÍÂÈ»¯Çâ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉCµÄ·´Ó¦ÊÇôÇ»ùµÄÈ¡´ú·´Ó¦£¬ËùÒÔBµÄ½á¹¹¼òʽÊÇCH2(OH)CH2COOH£»¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦¢ÚµÄÌõ¼þ¿ÉÖª£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦ÊÇCÖеÄÂÈÔ×Ó·¢ÉúµÄÏûÈ¥·´Ó¦£¬Òò´ËDµÄ½á¹¹¼òʽÊÇCH2£½CHCOOH¡£¸ù¾ÝAµÄ½á¹¹¼òʽ²¢ÒÀ¾ÝîÙ´ß»¯Å¼Áª·´Ó¦ÔÀí¿ÉÖª£¬GµÄ½á¹¹¼òʽӦ¸ÃÊÇ£¬ËùÒÔFµÄ½á¹¹¼òʽÊÇ¡£EºÍD·´Ó¦Éú³ÉF£¬ÔòEµÄ½á¹¹¼òʽÊÇ¡£
£¨2£©·´Ó¦¢ÚÊÇÏûÈ¥·´Ó¦£¬ËùÒÔ·´Ó¦¢ÚµÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ
CH2ClCH2COOH + 2NaOHCH2="CHCOONa" + NaCl + 2H2O¡£
£¨3£©·´Ó¦¢ÜÊôÓÚÈ¡´ú·´Ó¦£»·´Ó¦¢ÝÊǼױ½·Ö×ÓÖм׻ù¶ÔλÉϵÄÇâÔ×Ó±»ÂÈÔ×ÓÈ¡´ú£¬Òò´Ë¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄÌõ¼þÊÇÌú·Û´ß»¯¡£
£¨4£©·´Ó¦¢ÞÖÐÓÐÂÈ»¯ÇâÉú³É£¬Í¬Ê±Éú³ÉµÄÓлúÎïAÖк¬ÓÐõ¥»ù£¬ËùÒÔÓ¦¸ÃÓÃÈõ¼îÐÔÌõ¼þ£¬¶ø²»ÄÜÓÃÇ¿¼îÐÔÌõ¼þ£¬ÒÔ·ÀÖ¹õ¥»ùË®½â£¬´ð°¸Ñ¡c¡£
£¨5£©º¬ÓÐÁ½¸ö±½»·£¨³ý±½»·Íâ²»º¬ÆäËü»·×´½á¹¹£©ÇÒÖ»´æÔÚËÄÖÖ»¯Ñ§»·¾³²»Í¬µÄÇâÔ×Ó£¬Õâ˵Ã÷·Ö×Óº¬ÓеÄ2¸ö±½»·ÊǶԳƵģ¬Òò´Ë·ûºÏÌõ¼þµÄÓлúÎï½á¹¹¼òʽÓС¢¡¢¡¢¡¢¡¢¡£
£¨6£©ÒªÍ¨¹ýBºÏ³ÉÒ»ÖÖº¬ÓÐÁùÔª»·µÄõ¥£¬ÔòB·Ö×ÓÖеÄôÇ»ùÓ¦¸ÃÔÚôÈ»ùµÄÁÚλ̼Ô×ÓÉÏ£¬ËùÒÔÊ×ÏÈÒªÈÃB·¢ÉúÏûÈ¥·´Ó¦ÒýÈë̼̼˫¼ü£¬È»ºóÔÚ·¢Éú¼Ó³É·´Ó¦ÒýÈëôÇ»ù£¬×îºó·¢Éú×ÔÉíµÄõ¥»¯·´Ó¦Éú³É»·õ¥£¬Óйط´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊÇCH2OHCH2COOHCH2="CHCOOH" + H2O¡¢¡¢¡£
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿