ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ

16£®°´ÒªÇóÌîдÏÂÁпոñ
¢Ù0.5molH2OÔ¼º¬5NA¸öÖÊ×Ó£¨ÓÃNA±íʾ£©£¬1.204¡Á1024¸öË®·Ö×ÓµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª36 ¿Ë£» 
¢Ú0.5mol Na2CO3µÄÖÊÁ¿ÊÇ53¿Ë£¬Èô½«ÆäÈÜÓÚË®£¬Åä³É250mLµÄÈÜÒº£¬Ôò¸ÃÈÜÒºÈÜÖʵÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈΪ2mol/L£®
¢Û±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬Ìå»ýΪ11.2L µÄCO2Ëùº¬Ô­×ÓµÄ×ÜÊýÊÇ1.5NA¸ö£¨ÓÃNA±íʾ£©£®
¢ÜͬÎÂͬѹÏ£¬Í¬Ìå»ýµÄAÆøÌåºÍH2µÄÖÊÁ¿·Ö±ðÊÇ4.8gºÍ0.2g£¬ÔòÆøÌåAµÄĦ¶ûÖÊÁ¿Îª48g/mol£®

·ÖÎö ¢ÙÖÊ×ÓÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ÎªË®µÄ10±¶£¬¸ù¾ÝN=nNA¼ÆËãÖÊ×ÓÊýÄ¿£»¸ù¾Ýn=$\frac{N}{{N}_{A}}$¼ÆËãË®µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾Ým=nM¼ÆËãË®µÄÖÊÁ¿£»
¢Ú¸ù¾Ým=nM¼ÆËã̼ËáÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿£»¸ù¾Ýc=$\frac{n}{V}$¼ÆËãÈÜÒºÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È£»
¢Û¸ù¾Ýn=$\frac{V}{{V}_{m}}$¼ÆËã¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬º¬ÓÐÔ­×ÓÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄ3±¶£¬¸ù¾ÝN=nNA¼ÆË㺬ÓÐÔ­×Ó×ÜÊý£»
¢ÜͬÎÂͬѹÏ£¬Í¬Ìå»ýµÄAÆøÌåºÍH2µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ÏàµÈ£¬¸ù¾Ýn=$\frac{m}{M}$¼ÆËãÇâÆøÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾ÝM=$\frac{m}{n}$¼ÆËãAÆøÌåµÄĦ¶ûÖÊÁ¿£®

½â´ð ½â£º¢ÙÖÊ×ÓÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ÎªË®µÄ10±¶£¬º¬ÓÐÖÊ×ÓÊýĿΪ0.5mol¡Á10¡ÁNAmol-1=5NA£»
1.204¡Á1024¸öË®·Ö×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª$\frac{1.204¡Á1{0}^{24}}{6.02¡Á1{0}^{23}mo{l}^{-1}}$=2mol£¬Ë®µÄÖÊÁ¿Îª2mol¡Á18g/mol=34g£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º5NA£»36£»
¢Ú0.5mol Na2CO3µÄÖÊÁ¿ÊÇ0.5mol¡Á106g/mol=53g£¬Èô½«ÆäÈÜÓÚË®£¬Åä³É250mLµÄÈÜÒº£¬Ôò¸ÃÈÜÒºÈÜÖʵÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈΪ$\frac{0.5mol}{0.25L}$=2mol/L£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º53£»2£»
¢Û±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬Ìå»ýΪ11.2L µÄCO2µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª$\frac{11.2L}{22.4L/mol}$=0.5mol£¬º¬ÓÐÔ­×Ó×ÜÊýΪ0.5mol¡Á3¡ÁNAmol-1=1.5NA£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º1.5NA£»
¢ÜÇâÆøÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª$\frac{0.2g}{2g/mol}$=0.1mol£¬Í¬ÎÂͬѹÏ£¬Í¬Ìå»ýµÄAÆøÌåºÍH2µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ÏàµÈ£¬ÔòAÆøÌåµÄĦ¶ûÖÊÁ¿Îª$\frac{4.8g}{0.1mol}$48g/mol£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º48g/mol£®

µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ÓйؼÆË㣬ÄѶȲ»´ó£¬×¢ÒâÕÆÎÕÒÔÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ÎªÖÐÐļÆË㣬ּÔÚ¿¼²éѧÉú¶Ô»ù´¡ÖªÊ¶µÄ¹®¹Ì£®

Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿
8£®¶þ¼×ÃÑ£¨CH3OCH3£©ÊÇÎÞÉ«ÆøÌ壬¿É×÷ΪһÖÖÐÂÐÍÄÜÔ´£®ÓɺϳÉÆø£¨×é³ÉΪH2¡¢COºÍÉÙÁ¿µÄCO2£©Ö±½ÓÖƱ¸¶þ¼×ÃÑ£¬ÆäÖеÄÖ÷Òª¹ý³Ì°üÀ¨ÒÔÏÂËĸö·´Ó¦£º¼×´¼ºÏ³É·´Ó¦£º
£¨i£©CO£¨g£©+2H2£¨g£©=CH3OH£¨g£©¡÷H1=-90.1kJ•mol-1
£¨ii£©CO2£¨g£©+3H2£¨g£©=CH3OH£¨g£©+H2O£¨g£©¡÷H2=-49.0kJ•mol-1
ˮúÆø±ä»»·´Ó¦£º
£¨iii£©CO£¨g£©+H2O£¨g£©=CO2£¨g£©+H2 £¨g£©¡÷H3=-41.1kJ•mol-1
¶þ¼×ÃѺϳɷ´Ó¦£º
£¨iV£©2CH3OH£¨g£©=CH3OCH3£¨g£©+H2O£¨g£©¡÷H4=-24.5kJ•mol-1
£¨1£©·ÖÎö¶þ¼×ÃѺϳɷ´Ó¦£¨iV£©¶ÔÓÚCOת»¯ÂʵÄÓ°ÏìÏûºÄ¼×´¼£¬´Ù½ø¼×´¼ºÏ³É·´Ó¦£¨¢ñ£©Æ½ºâÓÒÒÆ£¬COת»¯ÂÊÔö´ó£»Éú³ÉµÄH2O£¬Í¨¹ýˮúÆø±ä»»·´Ó¦£¨¢ó£©ÏûºÄ²¿·ÖCO£®
£¨2£©ÓÉH2ºÍCOÖ±½ÓÖƱ¸¶þ¼×ÃÑ£¨ÁíÒ»²úÎïΪˮÕôÆø£©µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ2CO£¨g£©+4H2£¨g£©=CH3OCH3£¨g£©+H2O£¨g£©¡÷H=-204.7kJ•mol-1£®
¸ù¾Ý»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦Ô­Àí£¬·ÖÎöÔö¼Óѹǿ¶ÔÖ±½ÓÖƱ¸¶þ¼×ÃÑ·´Ó¦µÄÓ°Ï죺¸Ã·´Ó¦·Ö×ÓÊý¼õÉÙ£¬Ñ¹Ç¿Éý¸ßʹƽºâÓÒÒÆ£¬COºÍH2ת»¯ÂÊÔö´ó£¬CH3OCH3²úÂÊÔö¼Ó£®Ñ¹Ç¿Éý¸ßʹCOºÍH2Ũ¶ÈÔö¼Ó£¬·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÔö´ó£®
£¨3£©ÓÐÑо¿ÕßÔÚ´ß»¯¼Á£¨º¬Cu-Zn-Al-OºÍAl2O3£©¡¢Ñ¹Ç¿Îª5.0MPaµÄÌõ¼þÏ£¬ÓÉH2ºÍCOÖ±½ÓÖƱ¸¶þ¼×ÃÑ£¬½á¹ûÈçͼËùʾ£®ÆäÖÐCOת»¯ÂÊËæζÈÉý¸ß¶ø½µµÍµÄÔ­ÒòÊÇ£º·´Ó¦·ÅÈÈ£¬Î¶ÈÉý¸ß£¬Æ½ºâ×óÒÆ£®

Î¥·¨ºÍ²»Á¼ÐÅÏ¢¾Ù±¨µç»°£º027-86699610 ¾Ù±¨ÓÊÏ䣺58377363@163.com

¾«Ó¢¼Ò½ÌÍø