ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
×ÔÈ»½ç´æÔÚ×ÅÒ»ÖÖ°×ÔÆʯµÄ¿óʯ£¬Æ仯ѧʽÊÇxCaCO3?yMgCO3£®ÒÔËüΪÔÁÏ£¬¿ÉÖÆÈ¡ÄÍ»ð²ÄÁϵȣ®
£¨1£©³ÆÈ¡27.6g°×ÔÆʯ£¬¼ÓÈȵ½ÖÊÁ¿²»Ôٱ仯£¬¿ÉÒÔÉú³ÉÄÍ»ð²ÄÁÏMgO¶àÉÙmol£¿£¨ÓÃx¡¢yµÄ´úÊýʽ±íʾ£©
£¨2£©ÈôÔÚÉÏÊö·´Ó¦ÖУ¬ÊÕ¼¯µ½CO26.72L£¨±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£©£¬ÊÔд³ö°×ÔÆʯµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½£¨È¡x¡¢yµÄ×îСÕýÕûÊý±È£©£®
£¨3£©Èô³ÆÈ¡°×ÔÆʯmg£¬ÑÐËéºóÓë¹ýÁ¿Ì¿·Û»ìºÏ£¬·ÅÔÚÌض¨ÒÇÆ÷Öиô¾ø¿ÕÆøÇ¿ÈÈÒ»¶Îʱ¼äºó£¬²âµÃ°×ÔÆʯ·Ö½âÂÊΪa£¬Éú³ÉÒ»Ñõ»¯Ì¼µÄÌå»ýΪVL£¨±ê×¼×´¿ö£©£¬ÊÔ¼ÆË㣬V=
£¨ÒÑÖªCaO+3C
CaC2+CO
2MgO+5C
Mg2C3+2CO
CO2+C
2CO£©
ÇëÔÚͼÖл³öVºÍaµÄ¹Øϵͼ£®
£¨1£©³ÆÈ¡27.6g°×ÔÆʯ£¬¼ÓÈȵ½ÖÊÁ¿²»Ôٱ仯£¬¿ÉÒÔÉú³ÉÄÍ»ð²ÄÁÏMgO¶àÉÙmol£¿£¨ÓÃx¡¢yµÄ´úÊýʽ±íʾ£©
£¨2£©ÈôÔÚÉÏÊö·´Ó¦ÖУ¬ÊÕ¼¯µ½CO26.72L£¨±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£©£¬ÊÔд³ö°×ÔÆʯµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½£¨È¡x¡¢yµÄ×îСÕýÕûÊý±È£©£®
£¨3£©Èô³ÆÈ¡°×ÔÆʯmg£¬ÑÐËéºóÓë¹ýÁ¿Ì¿·Û»ìºÏ£¬·ÅÔÚÌض¨ÒÇÆ÷Öиô¾ø¿ÕÆøÇ¿ÈÈÒ»¶Îʱ¼äºó£¬²âµÃ°×ÔÆʯ·Ö½âÂÊΪa£¬Éú³ÉÒ»Ñõ»¯Ì¼µÄÌå»ýΪVL£¨±ê×¼×´¿ö£©£¬ÊÔ¼ÆË㣬V=
0.73ma
0.73ma
£¨ÓÃm¡¢a´úÊýʽ±íʾ£©£¨ÒÑÖªCaO+3C
¸ßΠ|
2MgO+5C
¸ßΠ|
CO2+C
¸ßΠ|
ÇëÔÚͼÖл³öVºÍaµÄ¹Øϵͼ£®
·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©Ì¼Ëá¸Æ¡¢Ì¼ËáþÔÚ¸ßÎÂÏ¿ɷֽâÉú³ÉÑõ»¯¸Æ¡¢Ñõ»¯Ã¾ºÍ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬¸ù¾ÝÌâÒâ¿ÉÍƶϳö°×ÔÆʯ¼ÓÈÈʱ·Ö½âÉú³ÉÑõ»¯¸Æ¡¢Ñõ»¯Ã¾ºÍÆøÌå¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬¸ù¾ÝMgÔ×ÓÊغã¼ÆËãMgOµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£»
£¨2£©¼ÆËã³ö¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÖÊÁ¿£¬Ð´³ö·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£¬²¢ÀûÓ÷´Ó¦Öа×ÔÆʯÓë¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÖÊÁ¿¹Øϵ£¬ÍÆËã³ö»¯Ñ§Ê½ÖÐx¡¢yµÄ±È£¬È»ºóÈ¡×îСÕûÊý±Èд³ö°×ÔÆʯµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½£»
£¨3£©¸ù¾ÝÔÚ¸ô¾ø¿ÕÆøʱ¼ÓÇ¿ÈÈ£¬°×ÔÆʯ·Ö½â³öµÄ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÄÜÓë¹ýÁ¿µÄÌ¿·Û·¢Éú·´Ó¦£¬·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÒ»Ñõ»¯Ì¼£¬ÀûÓû¯Ñ§·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽÕÒ³ö°×ÔÆʯÓëCOµÃ¹Øϵ£¬¾Ý´ËÀ´½â´ð£®
£¨2£©¼ÆËã³ö¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÖÊÁ¿£¬Ð´³ö·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£¬²¢ÀûÓ÷´Ó¦Öа×ÔÆʯÓë¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÖÊÁ¿¹Øϵ£¬ÍÆËã³ö»¯Ñ§Ê½ÖÐx¡¢yµÄ±È£¬È»ºóÈ¡×îСÕûÊý±Èд³ö°×ÔÆʯµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½£»
£¨3£©¸ù¾ÝÔÚ¸ô¾ø¿ÕÆøʱ¼ÓÇ¿ÈÈ£¬°×ÔÆʯ·Ö½â³öµÄ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÄÜÓë¹ýÁ¿µÄÌ¿·Û·¢Éú·´Ó¦£¬·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÒ»Ñõ»¯Ì¼£¬ÀûÓû¯Ñ§·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽÕÒ³ö°×ÔÆʯÓëCOµÃ¹Øϵ£¬¾Ý´ËÀ´½â´ð£®
½â´ð£º½â£º£¨1£©Éú³ÉÄÍ»ð²ÄÁÏMgOµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îªn£¨MgO£©=n£¨Mg£©=
¡Áy=
mol£¬
´ð£ºÉú³ÉÄÍ»ð²ÄÁÏMgOµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª
mol£»
£¨2£©¸ù¾ÝÌâÒ⣬°×ÔÆʯÊÜÈÈ·Ö½âµÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º
¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÖÊÁ¿Îª
¡Á44g/mol=1.32g£¬
xCaCO3?yMgCO3
xCaO+yMgO+£¨x+y£©CO2¡ü
100x+84y 44£¨x+y£©
2.76g 1.32g
ËùÒÔ
=
£¬
½âµÃ x£ºy=1£º1£¬
Òò´Ë°×ÔÆʯµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªCaCO3?MgCO3£¬
´ð£º°×ÔÆʯµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªCaCO3?MgCO3£»
£¨3£©ÓÉCaCO3?MgCO3
CaO+MgO+2CO2¡ü£¬
CaO+3C
CaC2+CO
2MgO+5C
Mg2C3+2CO
CO2+C
2CO£¬Ôò¿ÉÖª
CaO¡«CO MgO¡«CO CO2¡«2CO
¼´´æÔÚCaCO3?MgCO3¡«6CO
184 6¡Á28
mg¡Áa
¡Á28g/mol=1.25Vg
ËùÒÔ
=
£¬
½âµÃV=0.73ma£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º0.73ma£»
ÓÉV=0.73ma¿ÉÖª£¬VºÍaµÄ¹ØϵÔÚ×ø±êͼÉÏΪбÂÊΪ2.02£¬µÄÕý±ÈÀýͼÏó¹Øϵ£¬
´ð£ºVºÍaµÄ¹ØϵͼΪ£®
27.6g |
(100x+84y)g/mol |
27.6y |
100x+84y |
´ð£ºÉú³ÉÄÍ»ð²ÄÁÏMgOµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª
27.6y |
100x+84y |
£¨2£©¸ù¾ÝÌâÒ⣬°×ÔÆʯÊÜÈÈ·Ö½âµÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º
¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÖÊÁ¿Îª
6.72L |
22.4L/mol |
xCaCO3?yMgCO3
| ||
100x+84y 44£¨x+y£©
2.76g 1.32g
ËùÒÔ
100x+84y |
2.76g |
44(x+y) |
1.32g |
½âµÃ x£ºy=1£º1£¬
Òò´Ë°×ÔÆʯµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªCaCO3?MgCO3£¬
´ð£º°×ÔÆʯµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªCaCO3?MgCO3£»
£¨3£©ÓÉCaCO3?MgCO3
| ||
CaO+3C
¸ßΠ|
2MgO+5C
¸ßΠ|
CO2+C
| ||
CaO¡«CO MgO¡«CO CO2¡«2CO
¼´´æÔÚCaCO3?MgCO3¡«6CO
184 6¡Á28
mg¡Áa
VL |
22.4L/mol |
ËùÒÔ
184 |
mag |
6¡Á28 |
1.25Vg |
½âµÃV=0.73ma£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º0.73ma£»
ÓÉV=0.73ma¿ÉÖª£¬VºÍaµÄ¹ØϵÔÚ×ø±êͼÉÏΪбÂÊΪ2.02£¬µÄÕý±ÈÀýͼÏó¹Øϵ£¬
´ð£ºVºÍaµÄ¹ØϵͼΪ£®
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ìâ½ÏÄÑ£¬¿¼²éѧÉúÀûÓû¯Ñ§·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽµÄ¼ÆË㣬½â´ðµÄ¹Ø¼üÊÇÀûÓü¸¸ö»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦µÃ³ö¹Øϵʽ£¬ÀûÓùØϵʽ·¨À´¼ÆËãÉú³ÉÒ»Ñõ»¯Ì¼µÄ¹Øϵ£¬×¢ÖØÁ˽âÌâ·½·¨µÄÓ¦Óã®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿