ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
12£®ÑÇÁòËáÄÆÖеÄÁòÔªËØΪ+4¼Û£¬ÇëÑ¡ÔñÏÂÃæËùÌṩµÄ»¯Ñ§ÊÔ¼Á£¬Éè¼Æ¼òµ¥µÄʵÑ飬֤Ã÷ÑÇÁòËáÄƼÈÓÐÑõ»¯ÐÔ£¬ÓÖÓл¹ÔÐÔ£®£¨ËùÌṩµÄÊÔ¼ÁΪ£ºäåË®¡¢Áò»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº¡¢ÑÇÁòËáÄÆÈÜÒº¡¢Ï¡ÁòËá¡¢NaOHÈÜÒº¡¢°±Ë®£©£¨1£©ÒªËµÃ÷Na2SO3¾ßÓÐÑõ»¯ÐÔ£¬Ó¦Ñ¡ÓõÄÊÔ¼ÁÊÇÑÇÁòËáÄÆÈÜÒº¡¢Áò»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº¡¢Ï¡ÁòËᣬ¹Û²ìµ½µÄÏÖÏóÊDzúÉúµ»ÆÉ«³Áµí£®
£¨2£©ÒªËµÃ÷Na2SO3¾ßÓл¹ÔÐÔ£¬Ó¦Ñ¡ÓõÄÊÔ¼ÁÊÇÑÇÁòËáÄÆÈÜÒº¡¢äåË®£¬·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽÊÇBr2+SO32-+H2O¨TSO42-+2Br-+2H+
¢ò¡¢Ä³ÑÇÁòËáÄÆÊÔ¼ÁÒѱ»²¿·ÖÑõ»¯£®ÎªÁËÈ·¶¨ËüµÄ´¿¶È£¬Òª½øÐÐÈçÏÂʵÑ飺
¢Ù³ÆÈ¡ÑùÆ· a g£»¢Ú½«ÑùÆ·Èܽ⣻¢ÛÔÚÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÉÔ¹ýÁ¿µÄÑÎËáËữµÄBaCl2ÈÜÒº£»¢Ü½«³Áµí¹ýÂË£¬Ï´µÓ¡¢¸ÉÔïºó³ÆÖØ£¬ÖÊÁ¿Îªb g£®ÊԻشð£º
£¨1£©BaCl2ÈÜÒºÒªÓÃÑÎËáËữµÄÔÒòÊÇ·ÀÖ¹BaSO3³ÁµíµÄ²úÉú£¬¶øÒýÆðÎó²î£»
£¨2£©BaCl2ÈÜÒºÒªÉÔ¹ýÁ¿µÄÔÒòÊÇʹÊÔÑùÖеÄSO42-Íêȫת»¯ÎªBaSO4³Áµí£»
£¨3£©ÅжϳÁµíÊÇ·ñÏ´¾¡µÄ·½·¨ÊÇÈ¡ÉÙÁ¿×îºóÒ»´ÎÏ´µÓÒº£¬µÎ¼ÓAgNO3ÈÜÒº£¬ÈçÎÞ³Áµí£¬Ôò³ÁµíÒÑÏ´¾»£¬·´Ö®ÔòδÍê³É£»
£¨4£©Na2SO3ÑùÆ·´¿¶ÈµÄ¼ÆËãʽÊÇw£¨Na2SO3£©=£¨1-$\frac{142b}{233a}$£©¡Á100%£®
·ÖÎö £¨1£©ÒªÖ¤Ã÷Na2SO3¾ßÓÐÑõ»¯ÐÔ£¬ÌâÖоßÓÐÇ¿»¹ÔÐÔµÄÖ»ÓÐNa2SÈÜÒº£¬¿ÉÔÚËáÐÔÌõ¼þÏÂÓëÑÇÁòËáÄÆ·¢ÉúÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦£»
£¨2£©ÒªÖ¤Ã÷Na2SO3¾ßÓл¹ÔÐÔ£¬ÌâÖÐÖ»ÓÐäåË®¾ßÓÐÇ¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔ£¬¿ÉÓëÑÇÁòËáÄÆ·¢ÉúÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦£»
¢ò¡¢£¨1£©¸ù¾ÝÑÇÁòËá¸ùÒ²¿ÉÒÔÓë±µÀë×ÓÉú³ÉÑÇÁòËá±µ³Áµí·ÖÎö£»
£¨2£©¸ù¾ÝÈ·¶¨ËüµÄ´¿¶È£¬ÔòҪʹÑõ»¯³ÉµÄSO42-³ÁµíÍêÈ«£»
£¨3£©¸ù¾Ý¼ìÑé×îºóÒ»´ÎÏ´µÓÒºÊÇ·ñ»¹»¹ÓÐÔÓÖÊÀë×ÓÀ´ÅжÏÊÇ·ñÏ´¾¡£»
£¨4£©¸ù¾Ý×îÖÕ³ÁµíÁòËá±µµÄÖÊÁ¿¼ÆËãÒѱ»Ñõ»¯³ÉÁòËáÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾Ý×ÜÖÊÁ¿Çó³öNa2SO3µÄÖÊÁ¿½áºÏÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý=$\frac{m£¨N{a}_{2}S{O}_{3}£©}{m£¨×Ü£©}$¡Á100%¼ÆË㣮
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©ÒªÖ¤Ã÷Na2SO3¾ßÓÐÑõ»¯ÐÔ£¬¾ßÓÐÇ¿»¹ÔÐÔµÄÖ»ÓÐNa2SÈÜÒº£¬¿ÉÔÚËáÐÔÌõ¼þÏÂÓëÑÇÁòËáÄÆ·¢ÉúÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦£¬ÔòÑ¡ÔñÊÔ¼ÁΪÑÇÁòËáÄÆÈÜÒº¡¢Áò»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº¡¢Ï¡ÁòËᣬ·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪSO32-+2S2-+6H+=3S¡ý+3H2O£¬¿É¹Û²ìµ½ÈÜÒºÖвúÉúµ»ÆÉ«³Áµí£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÑÇÁòËáÄÆÈÜÒº¡¢Áò»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº¡¢Ï¡ÁòË᣻²úÉúµ»ÆÉ«³Áµí£»
£¨2£©ÒªÖ¤Ã÷Na2SO3¾ßÓл¹ÔÐÔ£¬ÌâÖÐÖ»ÓÐäåË®¾ßÓÐÇ¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔ£¬ÔòÑ¡ÔñµÄÊÔ¼ÁΪÑÇÁòËáÄÆÈÜÒº¡¢äåË®£¬¶þÕß·¢ÉúÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦£¬¿É¹Û²ìµ½äåË®ÍÊÉ«£¬·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪBr2+SO32-+H2O=2Br-+SO42-+2H+£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÑÇÁòËáÄÆÈÜÒº¡¢äåË®£»Br2+SO32-+H2O=2Br-+SO42-+2H+£»
¢ò¡¢£¨1£©ÒòΪÑÇÁòËá¸ùÒ²¿ÉÒÔÓë±µÀë×ÓÉú³ÉÑÇÁòËá±µ³Áµí£¬ËùÒԲⶨÑÇÁòËáÄÆÊÔ¼ÁÒѱ»²¿·ÖÑõ»¯Ê±Òª±£Ö¤ÑÇÁòËá¸ù²»³Áµí£¬ÔòÑ¡ÓõÄÂÈ»¯±µ±ØÐëÔÚËáÐÔÌõ¼þϼ´BaCl2ÈÜÒºÒªÓÃÑÎËáËữ£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º·ÀÖ¹BaSO3³ÁµíµÄ²úÉú£¬¶øÒýÆðÎó²î£»
£¨2£©¼ÓÈë¹ýÁ¿µÄÂÈ»¯±µÎªÁ˽«ÈÜÒºÖеÄÁòËá¸ùÀë×ÓÈ«²¿×ª»¯Îª³Áµí£¬ÒÔʹ½á¹û¸ü׼ȷ£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÊ¹ÊÔÑùÖеÄSO42-Íêȫת»¯ÎªBaSO4³Áµí£»
£¨3£©ÒòΪ¼ÓÈëµÄÊǹýÁ¿µÄÑÎËáËữµÄBaCl2ÈÜÒº£¬ËùÒÔ³Áµí±íÃæ»áº¬ÓÐÉÙÁ¿µÄÂÈÀë×Ó£¬ÔòÈ¡×îºóÒ»´ÎÏ´µÓÒºÉÙÐí£¬µÎ¼ÓAgNO3ÈÜÒº£¬ÈçÎÞ³Áµí£¬Ôò³ÁµíÒÑÏ´¾»£¬·´Ö®Ôòδϴ¾»£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÈ¡ÉÙÁ¿×îºóÒ»´ÎÏ´µÓÒº£¬µÎ¼ÓAgNO3ÈÜÒº£¬ÈçÎÞ³Áµí£¬Ôò³ÁµíÒÑÏ´¾»£¬·´Ö®ÔòδÍê³É£»
£¨4£©¸ù¾ÝÌâÒâ¿ÉÖª·¢ÉúµÄ·´Ó¦ÎªÁòËáÄƺÍÂÈ»¯±µµÄ·´Ó¦£¬Í¬Ê±Éú³ÉÁòËá±µµÄÖÊÁ¿Îªbg£¬ÉèÁòËáÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿Îªx£¬Ôò
BaCl2+Na2SO4¨T2NaCl+BaSO4¡ý
142 233
x bg ½âµÃ£ºx=$\frac{142b}{233}$g£¬
ËùÒÔÑÇÁòËáÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý¿ÉÒÔ±íʾΪ£ºw£¨Na2SO3£©=$\frac{a-\frac{142b}{233}}{a}$¡Á100%=£¨1-$\frac{142b}{233a}$£©¡Á100%£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºw£¨Na2SO3£©=£¨1-$\frac{142b}{233a}$£©¡Á100%£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦¡¢ÑÇÁòËá´¿¶ÈµÄ²â¶¨·½·¨µÈ֪ʶ£¬²àÖØÓÚѧÉúµÄ·ÖÎöÄÜÁ¦ºÍÔªËØ»¯ºÏÎï֪ʶµÄ×ÛºÏÔËÓã¬ÓÐÀûÓÚÅàÑøѧÉú¹æ·¶ÑϽ÷µÄʵÑéÉè¼Æ¡¢²Ù×÷ÄÜÁ¦£¬×¢Òâ°ÑÎÕ³£¼ûº¬Áò»¯ºÏÎïµÄÐÔÖÊ£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ®
A£® | ÓÃÁòËáÍÈÜÒº¼ø±ðÇâÑõ»¯ÄƺÍ̼ËáÄÆÈÜÒº | |
B£® | ÓÃ×ÏɫʯÈïÊÔÒº²â¶¨ÓêË®µÄËá¼î¶È | |
C£® | Íù¹ÌÌåÖмÓÈëÏ¡ÑÎËᣬ³öÏÖÆøÅÝ˵Ã÷¸Ã¹ÌÌåÒ»¶¨ÊÇ̼ËáÑÎ | |
D£® | Ö»Ó÷Ó̪ÊÔÒº¾ÍÄܽ«ÂÈ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº¡¢ÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº¡¢ÑÎËáÇø±ð¿ªÀ´ |
ÒÑÖª£º¢ÙKIO3+5KI+3H2SO4=3K2SO4+3I2+3H2O
¢ÚI2+2Na2S2O3=2NaI+Na2S4O6£¨ÎÞÉ«£©
ijͬѧÏ붨Á¿²â¶¨´Ë¼ÓµâÑÎÖеâÔªËصĺ¬Á¿£¬½øÐÐÒÔÏÂʵÑ飺
²½Öè1£º³ÆÈ¡agÊÐÊÛʳÑΣ¬Åä³ÉÈÜÒº£¬È«²¿×ªÒÆÖÁ׶ÐÎÆ¿ÖУ¬
¼ÓÈëÊÊÁ¿ÐÂÖÆKIÈÜÒº£¬µÎÈ뼸µÎÏ¡ÁòËᣬÈÜÒº±ä»ÆÉ«£¬ÔÙ¼ÓÈë3µÎµí·ÛÈÜÒº£®
²½Öè2£ºÈ¡Ò»Ö§50mL¼îʽµÎ¶¨¹Ü£¬ÓÃbmol•L-1µÄÐÂÖÆNa2S2O3ÈÜÒºÈóÏ´2¡«3´Îºó£¬×°ÂúÈÜÒº£¬µ÷½ÚÒºÃæ¸ß¶ÈÖÁ0¿Ì¶È£®
²½Öè3£º¿ªÊ¼µÎ¶¨Ö±ÖÁÖյ㣬Öظ´²Ù×÷2¡«3´Î£¬ÊµÑéÊý¾Ý¼Ç¼ÈçÏ£º
±àºÅ | ¼îʽµÎ¶¨¹Ü¶ÁÊý | ÏûºÄÌå»ý£¨mL£© | |
µÎ¶¨Ç°¿Ì¶È | µÎ¶¨ºó¿Ì¶È | ||
1 | 0 | Èçͼ2 | |
2 | 0 | 23.98 | 23.98 |
3 | 0 | 24.02 | 24.02 |
£¨2£©µÎ¶¨ÖÕµãµÄÅжϷ½·¨ÈÜÒºÑÕÉ«Ç¡ºÃÓÉÀ¶É«±äΪÎÞÉ«ÇÒ°ë·ÖÖÓÄÚ²»ÍÊÉ«£®
£¨3£©¾¹ý¼ÆË㣬´ËµâÑεâÔªËصĺ¬Á¿Îª$\frac{508000b}{a}$mgmg•kg-1£¨Óú¬a¡¢bµÄ×î¼ò±í´ïʽ±íʾ£©£®
£¨4£©ÏÂÁвÙ×÷¿ÉÄܻᵼÖ²âÁ¿½á¹ûÆ«µÍµÄÊÇCD£®
A£®²½Öè1ÖгÆȡʳÑÎʱ½«íÀÂë·ÅÔÚ×óÅÌ£¬Ê³ÑηÅÔÚ·ÅÔÚÓÒÅÌ£¬ÓÎÂë¶ÁÊýΪ0.5g
B£®²½Öè1ËùÅäʳÑÎÈÜҺδÍêȫתÒÆÖÁ׶ÐÎÆ¿
C£®²½Öè2Öеζ¨¹ÜÏ´µÓºóδÈóÏ´
D£®²½Öè3µÎ¶¨Ç°µÎ¶¨¹Ü¼â×ì´¦ÓÐÆøÅÝ£¬µÎ¶¨ºóÆøÅÝÏûʧ
£¨5£©ÇëÔÚ´ðÌâÖ½µÄ·½¿òÄÚ»³öÕýÔÚÅÅÆøÅݵļîʽµÎ¶¨¹Ü£¨½ö»³ö¿Ì¶ÈÒÔϲ¿·Ö£©
£¨1£©ÊµÑéÄ¿µÄ£ºÌ½¾¿Í¬Ò»Ö÷×åÔªËØÐÔÖʵĵݱä¹æÂÉ
£¨2£©ÊµÑéÓÃÆ·£ºÒ©Æ·£ºÂÈË®¡¢äåË®¡¢ä廯ÄÆÈÜÒº¡¢µâ»¯¼ØÈÜÒº¡¢ËÄÂÈ»¯Ì¼£®
ÒÇÆ÷£º¢ÙÊԹܣ»¢Ú½ºÍ·µÎ¹Ü£¨ÇëÌîдÁ½¼þÖ÷ÒªµÄ²£Á§ÒÇÆ÷£©
£¨3£©ÊµÑéÄÚÈÝ£º
ÐòºÅ | ʵÑé·½°¸ | ʵÑéÏÖÏó |
¢Ù | ½«ÉÙÁ¿ÂÈË®µÎÈëÊ¢ÓÐÉÙÁ¿NaBrÈÜÒºµÄÊÔ¹ÜÖУ¬Õñµ´£»ÔÙµÎÈëÉÙÁ¿ËÄÂÈ»¯Ì¼£¬Õñµ´ | ¼ÓÈëÂÈË®ºó£¬ÈÜÒºÓÉÎÞÉ«±äΪ³ÈÉ«£¬µÎÈëËÄÂÈ»¯Ì¼ºó£¬Ë®²ãÑÕÉ«±ädz£¬ËÄÂÈ»¯Ì¼²ã£¨Ï²㣩±äΪ³ÈºìÉ« |
¢Ú | ½«ÉÙÁ¿äåË®µÎÈëÊ¢ÓÐÉÙÁ¿KIÈÜÒºµÄÊÔ¹ÜÖУ¬Õñµ´£»ÔÙµÎÈëÉÙÁ¿ËÄÂÈ»¯Ì¼£¬Õñµ´ | ¼ÓÈëäåË®ºó£¬ÈÜÒºÓÉÎÞÉ«±äΪ»ÆÉ«£¬µÎÈëËÄÂÈ»¯Ì¼ºó£¬Ë®²ãÑÕÉ«±ädz£¬ËÄÂÈ»¯Ì¼²ã£¨Ï²㣩±äΪ×ÏÉ« |
£¨5£©ÎÊÌâºÍÌÖÂÛ£ºÇëÓýṹÀíÂÛ¼òµ¥ËµÃ÷µÃ³öÉÏÊö½áÂÛµÄÔÒò£®Í¬Ò»Ö÷×åÔªËØ£¬×ÔÉ϶øÏ£¬ÔªËØÔ×ӵĵç×Ó²ãÊýÔö¶à£¬Ô×Ӱ뾶Ôö´ó£¬Ô×Ӻ˶Ô×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓµÄÎüÒýÁ¦Öð½¥¼õÈõ£®
A£® | ¸Ã·´Ó¦Ö¤Ã÷O2ÄÜÑõ»¯PtF6 | |
B£® | 22.4LO2²Î¼Ó·´Ó¦Ê±£¬×ªÒÆ1molµç×Ó | |
C£® | O2PtF6ÖмÈÓÐÀë×Ó¼üÓÖÓй²¼Û¼ü | |
D£® | 68.2g O2PtF6Öк¬ÓÐ1.204¡Á1024¸ö·Ö×Ó |
A£® | £¨b-2a£© mol | B£® | $\frac{b}{2}$mol | C£® | $\frac{2a}{3}$ mol | D£® | 2a mol |