ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
19£®£¨1£©ÊÒÎÂÏ£¬½«0.15mol•L-1Ï¡ÁòËáV1 mLÓë0.1mol•L-1 NaOHÈÜÒºV2 mL»ìºÏ£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄpHΪ1£¬ÔòV1£ºV2=1£º1£®£¨ÈÜÒºÌå»ý±ä»¯ºöÂÔ²»¼Æ£©£¨2£©ÊÒÎÂÏ£¬Ä³Ë®ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚµÄÀë×ÓÓУºNa+¡¢A-¡¢H+¡¢OH-£¬¸ù¾ÝÌâÒ⣬»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
¢ÙÈôÓÉ0.1mol•L-1 HAÈÜÒºÓë0.1mol•L-1 NaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ¶øµÃ£¬ÔòÈÜÒºµÄpH¡Ý7£®
¢ÚÈôÈÜÒºpH£¾7£¬Ôòc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¬ÀíÓÉÊǸù¾ÝµçºÉÊغ㣬c£¨H+£©+c£¨Na+£©=c£¨OH-£©+c£¨A-£©£¬ÓÉÓÚc£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¬¹Êc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£®
¢ÛÈôÈÜÒºÓÉpH=3µÄHAÈÜÒºV1 mLÓëpH=11µÄNaOHÈÜÒºV2 mL»ìºÏ¶øµÃ£¬ÔòÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇAD£¨ÌîÑ¡Ïî´úºÅ£©£®
A£®Èô·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬Ôòc£¨H+£©+c£¨OH-£©=2¡Á10-7 mol•L-1
B£®ÈôV1=V2£¬·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒºµÄpHÒ»¶¨µÈÓÚ7
C£®Èô·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬ÔòV1Ò»¶¨´óÓÚV2
D£®Èô·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÔòV1Ò»¶¨Ð¡ÓÚV2£®
·ÖÎö £¨1£©pH=1µÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨H+£©=0.1mol/L£¬»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨H+£©=$\frac{0.15¡Á2¡Á{V}_{1}-0.1¡Á{V}_{2}}{{V}_{1}+{V}_{2}}$mol/L=0.1mol/L£¬¾Ý´Ë¼ÆËãV1£ºV2£»
£¨2£©¢ÙÈôÓÉ0.1mol•L-1 HAÈÜÒºÓë0.1mol•L-1 NaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ¶øµÃ£¬Èç¹ûHAÊÇÈõËᣬ¶þÕßÇ¡ºÃ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÇ¿¼îÈõËáÑΣ¬ÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬Èç¹ûËáÊÇÇ¿Ëᣬ¶þÕßÇ¡ºÃ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÇ¿ËáÇ¿¼îÑΣ¬ÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£»
¢ÚÈôÈÜÒºpH£¾7£¬ËµÃ÷c£¨H+£©£¼c£¨OH-£©£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغãÅжÏc£¨Na+£©¡¢c£¨A-£©Ïà¶Ô´óС£»
¢ÛÈôÈÜÒºÓÉpH=3µÄHAÈÜÒºV1 mLÓëpH=11µÄNaOHÈÜÒºV2 mL»ìºÏ¶øµÃ£¬
A£®Èô·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬ÔòHAÊÇÇ¿ËᣬÊÒÎÂÏ£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨H+£©=c£¨OH-£©=1¡Á10-7 mol•L-1£»
B£®ÈôV1=V2£¬Èç¹ûËáÊÇÇ¿Ëᣬ»ìºÏÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬Èç¹ûËáÊÇÈõËᣬ»ìºÏÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£»
C£®Èô·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬ÔòÈÜÒº¿ÉÄÜÊÇËáºÍÑÎÈÜÒº£»
D£®Èç¹ûÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÔòÈÜÒº¿ÉÄÜÊǼîºÍÑÎÈÜÒº£¬Ò²¿ÉÄÜÖ»ÊÇÑÎÈÜÒº£®
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©pH=1µÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨H+£©=0.1mol/L£¬»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨H+£©=$\frac{0.15¡Á2¡Á{V}_{1}-0.1¡Á{V}_{2}}{{V}_{1}+{V}_{2}}$mol/L=0.1mol/L£¬V1£ºV2=1£º1£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º1£º1£»¡¡
£¨2£©¢ÙÈôÓÉ0.1mol•L-1 HAÈÜÒºÓë0.1mol•L-1 NaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ¶øµÃ£¬Èç¹ûHAÊÇÈõËᣬ¶þÕßÇ¡ºÃ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÇ¿¼îÈõËáÑΣ¬ÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÔòpH£¾7£¬Èç¹ûËáÊÇÇ¿Ëᣬ¶þÕßÇ¡ºÃ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÇ¿ËáÇ¿¼îÑΣ¬ÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬ËùÒÔpH=7£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º¡Ý£»
¢ÚÈôÈÜÒºpH£¾7£¬ËµÃ÷c£¨H+£©£¼c£¨OH-£©£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغãµÃc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£¾£»¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغ㣬c£¨H+£©+c£¨Na+£©=c£¨OH-£©+c£¨A-£©£¬ÓÉÓÚc£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¬¹Êc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£»
¢ÛA£®Èô»ìºÏÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬ÔòÈÜÒºMÖÐc£¨H+£©=c£¨OH-£©=2¡Á10-7 mol•L-1£¬ËùÒÔÈÜÒºMÖÐc£¨H+£©+c£¨OH-£©=2¡Á10-7 mol•L-1£¬¹ÊÕýÈ·£»
B£®Èç¹û¶þÕßÌå»ýÏàµÈ£¬Èç¹ûËáÊÇÇ¿ËᣬÔò»ìºÏÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬Èç¹ûËáÊÇÈõËᣬÔò»ìºÏÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬¹Ê´íÎó£»
C£®Èç¹ûÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬ÔòÈÜÒºÊÇËáºÍÑÎÈÜÒº£¬ËáÊÇÈõËᣬËáŨ¶È´óÓÚÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆŨ¶È£¬ËùÒÔV1²»Ò»¶¨´óÓÚV2£¬¹Ê´íÎó£»
D£®Èç¹ûÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÔòÈÜÒº¿ÉÄÜÊǼîºÍÑÎÈÜÒº£¬Ò²¿ÉÄÜÖ»ÊÇÑÎÈÜÒº£¬ÔòV1Ò»¶¨Ð¡ÓÚV2£¬¹ÊÕýÈ·£»
¹ÊÑ¡AD£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éËá¼î»ìºÏÈÜÒº¶¨ÐÔÅжϣ¬Îª¸ßƵ¿¼µã£¬Éæ¼°Àë×ÓŨ¶È´óС±È½Ï¡¢pHµÄ¼òµ¥¼ÆË㣬²àÖØ¿¼²éѧÉú·ÖÎöÅжϼ°¼ÆËãÄÜÁ¦£¬ÄѵãÊÇ£¨2£©¢ÛÖиù¾ÝÈÜÒºËá¼îÐÔÈ·¶¨ÈÜÒºÌå»ýÏà¶Ô´óС£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ®
A£® | µí·ÛµÄ·Ö×ÓʽÊÇC12H22O11 | |
B£® | µí·Û¿ÉÒÔ·¢ÉúÒø¾µ·´Ó¦ | |
C£® | µí·Û¿ÉÒÔÖ±½Ó¼ìÑéʳÑÎÖÐÊÇ·ñº¬ÓеâÔªËØ | |
D£® | µí·ÛÊÇÌìÈ»¸ß·Ö×Ó»¯ºÏÎï |
¢Ù³¾°£µÄ¿ÕÆø ¢Ú¾Æ¾« ¢ÛÄ«Ë® ¢ÜÏ¡¶¹½¬ ¢ÝÁòËáÍÈÜÒº£®
A£® | ¢Ù¢Ú¢Ü | B£® | ¢Ù¢Û¢Ý | C£® | ¢Ù¢Û¢Ü | D£® | ¢Ú¢Û¢Ü |
A£® | ÕôÁó¿ÉÓÃÓÚ·ÖÀëÌᴿҺ̬Óлú»ìºÏÎï | |
B£® | ÒÒÏ©ºÍ¼×Íé¿ÉÓÃäåµÄËÄÂÈ»¯Ì¼ÈÜÒº¼ø±ð | |
C£® | ºË´Å¹²ÕñÇâÆ×ͨ³£ÓÃÓÚ·ÖÎöÓлúÎïµÄÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿ | |
D£® | ¼×ÍéºÍÂÈÆø·¢ÉúÈ¡´ú·´Ó¦ÐèÒª¹âÕÕ |
A£® | ͼʾʵÑéÖз¢ÉúÁË»¯Ñ§±ä»¯ | |
B£® | ÒºÌåXÈÜÒºµÄpH£¾7£¬ÒºÌåYÊÇÒ»ÖÖºÚÉ«ð¤³í×´ÒºÌå | |
C£® | ÆøÌåZÒ×ȼ£¬¿É»¹ÔCuO£¬Ò²¿ÉʹäåË®ÍÊÉ« | |
D£® | ÊÔ¹ÜAÖвúÉúŨµÄ°×ÑÌ |
A£® | ÂóÑ¿ÌǼ°ÆäË®½â²úÎï¾ùÄÜ·¢ÉúÒø¾µ·´Ó¦ | |
B£® | ÔÚËáÐÔÌõ¼þÏ£¬CH3CO18OC2H5µÄË®½â²úÎïÊÇCH3CO18OHºÍC2H5OH | |
C£® | »¨ÉúÓͼȿÉʹäåµÄËÄÂÈ»¯Ì¼ÈÜÒºÍÊÉ«£¬Ò²¿ÉʹËáÐÔ¸ßÃÌËá¼ØÈÜÒºÍÊÉ« | |
D£® | Óøʰ±ËáºÍ±û°±ËáËõºÏ×î¶à¿ÉÐγÉ4ÖÖ¶þëÄ |