ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
£¨14·Ö£©ÒÑÖª£º³£ÎÂÏ£¬AËáµÄÈÜÒºpH£½a£¬B¼îµÄÈÜÒºpH£½b¡£
£¨1£©ÈôAΪÑÎËᣬBΪÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ£¬ÇÒa£«b£½14£¬¶þÕßµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ÔòÈÜÒºµÄpH£½ ¡£ÈôËá¼î°´Ìå»ý±ÈΪ1£º10»ìºÏºóÈÜÒºÏÔÖÐÐÔ£¬Ôòa£«b£½ ¡£
£¨2£©ÈôAΪ´×ËᣬBΪÇâÑõ»¯±µ£¬ÇÒa£½4£¬b£½12£¬ÄÇôAÈÜÒºÖÐË®µçÀë³öµÄÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈΪ mol¡¤L£1£¬BÈÜÒºÖÐË®µçÀë³öµÄÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈΪ ¡£mol¡¤L£1
£¨3£©ÈôAΪ´×ËᣬBΪÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ£¬ÇÒa£«b£½14£¬½«Ìå»ýΪVAµÄ´×ËáºÍÌå»ýΪVBµÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº»ìºÏºó£¬ÈÜÒºÏÔÖÐÐÔ£¬ÔòÆäÌå»ý¹ØϵVA VB£¬»ìºÏºóÈÜÒºÖеÄÀë×ÓŨ¶È¹ØϵΪc(Na£«) c(CH3COO£) £¨Ìî¡°£¼¡±¡°£¾¡±»ò¡°£½¡±£©¡£
£¨4£©ÈôAµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªHR£¬BµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªMOH£¬ÇÒa£«b£½14£¬Á½ÕßµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºóÈÜÒºÏÔ¼îÐÔ¡£Ôò»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖбض¨ÓÐÒ»ÖÖÀë×ÓÄÜ·¢ÉúË®½â£¬ÆäË®½â·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ ¡£
£¨1£©ÈôAΪÑÎËᣬBΪÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ£¬ÇÒa£«b£½14£¬¶þÕßµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ÔòÈÜÒºµÄpH£½ ¡£ÈôËá¼î°´Ìå»ý±ÈΪ1£º10»ìºÏºóÈÜÒºÏÔÖÐÐÔ£¬Ôòa£«b£½ ¡£
£¨2£©ÈôAΪ´×ËᣬBΪÇâÑõ»¯±µ£¬ÇÒa£½4£¬b£½12£¬ÄÇôAÈÜÒºÖÐË®µçÀë³öµÄÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈΪ mol¡¤L£1£¬BÈÜÒºÖÐË®µçÀë³öµÄÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈΪ ¡£mol¡¤L£1
£¨3£©ÈôAΪ´×ËᣬBΪÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ£¬ÇÒa£«b£½14£¬½«Ìå»ýΪVAµÄ´×ËáºÍÌå»ýΪVBµÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº»ìºÏºó£¬ÈÜÒºÏÔÖÐÐÔ£¬ÔòÆäÌå»ý¹ØϵVA VB£¬»ìºÏºóÈÜÒºÖеÄÀë×ÓŨ¶È¹ØϵΪc(Na£«) c(CH3COO£) £¨Ìî¡°£¼¡±¡°£¾¡±»ò¡°£½¡±£©¡£
£¨4£©ÈôAµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªHR£¬BµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªMOH£¬ÇÒa£«b£½14£¬Á½ÕßµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºóÈÜÒºÏÔ¼îÐÔ¡£Ôò»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖбض¨ÓÐÒ»ÖÖÀë×ÓÄÜ·¢ÉúË®½â£¬ÆäË®½â·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ ¡£
£¨1£©7 13 £¨2£©10¨D10 10¨D12 £¨3£©£¼ £½
ÕâÌ⿼²ìµÄÊÇpHÖµ¼ÆËã¼°µç½âÖÊÈÜÒº£¬ÒªÖªµÀÈõµç½âÖÊÓëÇ¿µç½âÖÊÖ®¼äµÄÇø±ð¡ª´æÔÚµçÀëƽºâ¡£
£¨1£© ¿ÉÒÔ½èÖúÊýѧ·½·¨£¨¾ÙÀý·¨£©À´½â¾öÕâһСÌâ¡£ÉèËáµÄŨ¶ÈΪ0.1mol/L,¼îµÄŨ¶ÈΪ0.1 mol/L£¨a£«b£½14£©£¬¶þÕßµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ÈÜÒº±ØÈ»ÊÇÖÐÐÔ£¬pH=7£»»ìºÏºóÈÜÒºÖÐÐÔ£¬H+ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÈÓÚOH-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬Ëá¼î°´Ìå»ý±ÈΪ1£º10£¬ËùÒÔŨ¶ÈÖ®±ÈΪ10£º1£¬ÉèËáµÄŨ¶ÈΪ0.1mol/L,Ôò¼îµÄŨ¶ÈΪ0.01 mol/L£¬ËùÒÔa£«b£½13.
£¨2£© ÐèÖªµÀ£ºË®µçÀë³öµÄÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶È=ÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈºÍC(H+)¡¤C(OH-)=10-14¶ÔÓÚË᣺ˮµçÀë³öÀ´µÄC(H+)=C(OH-)=10-14/10-4=10¨D10£»¶ÔÓڼˮµçÀë³öÀ´µÄC(H+)= 10¨D12 £¨È«²¿À´×ÔÓÚË®µÄµçÀ룩¡£
£¨3£© ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔÕâôÏ룺Èç¹ûµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ÈÜÒºÓ¦¸ÃÏÔËáÐÔ£¨ÒòΪ´×ËáÊÇÈõµç½âÖÊ£¬»á²»¶ÏµçÀë³öÇâÀë×Ó£©£¬ËùÒÔVA < VB£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغ㣬ÓÉÓÚC(H+)=C(OH-)£¬ËùÒÔc(Na£«) = c(CH3COO£)
£¨4£© ¸ù¾ÝÌâÒâÅжϣ¬ÊÇÇ¿ËáÈõ¼î£¬ËùÒÔM+ + H20 ="=" MOH + H+
£¨1£© ¿ÉÒÔ½èÖúÊýѧ·½·¨£¨¾ÙÀý·¨£©À´½â¾öÕâһСÌâ¡£ÉèËáµÄŨ¶ÈΪ0.1mol/L,¼îµÄŨ¶ÈΪ0.1 mol/L£¨a£«b£½14£©£¬¶þÕßµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ÈÜÒº±ØÈ»ÊÇÖÐÐÔ£¬pH=7£»»ìºÏºóÈÜÒºÖÐÐÔ£¬H+ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÈÓÚOH-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬Ëá¼î°´Ìå»ý±ÈΪ1£º10£¬ËùÒÔŨ¶ÈÖ®±ÈΪ10£º1£¬ÉèËáµÄŨ¶ÈΪ0.1mol/L,Ôò¼îµÄŨ¶ÈΪ0.01 mol/L£¬ËùÒÔa£«b£½13.
£¨2£© ÐèÖªµÀ£ºË®µçÀë³öµÄÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶È=ÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈºÍC(H+)¡¤C(OH-)=10-14¶ÔÓÚË᣺ˮµçÀë³öÀ´µÄC(H+)=C(OH-)=10-14/10-4=10¨D10£»¶ÔÓڼˮµçÀë³öÀ´µÄC(H+)= 10¨D12 £¨È«²¿À´×ÔÓÚË®µÄµçÀ룩¡£
£¨3£© ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔÕâôÏ룺Èç¹ûµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ÈÜÒºÓ¦¸ÃÏÔËáÐÔ£¨ÒòΪ´×ËáÊÇÈõµç½âÖÊ£¬»á²»¶ÏµçÀë³öÇâÀë×Ó£©£¬ËùÒÔVA < VB£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغ㣬ÓÉÓÚC(H+)=C(OH-)£¬ËùÒÔc(Na£«) = c(CH3COO£)
£¨4£© ¸ù¾ÝÌâÒâÅжϣ¬ÊÇÇ¿ËáÈõ¼î£¬ËùÒÔM+ + H20 ="=" MOH + H+
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿