题目内容
【题目】阅读下面诗歌，完成①—③题。
奉陪郑驸马韦曲【】
杜甫
韦曲花无赖，家家恼煞人。绿樽须尽日，白发好禁【】春。
石角钩衣破，藤梢刺眼新。何时占丛竹，头戴小乌巾。
注释：【1】韦曲：唐代长安游览胜地。杜甫作此诗时，求仕于长安而未果。【2】禁：消受。
(1)下列对本诗的理解，不正确的一项是
A．诗的首句和辛弃疾的“最喜小儿无赖”，两处“无赖”都传达了作者的喜爱之情。
B．三四句意谓韦曲的满眼春色，让自感老去的诗人也觉得应借酒释怀，消受春光。
C．五六句通过“石角钩衣”、“藤梢刺眼”的细致描写，状写韦曲春去夏来的美景。
D．此诗运用了“反言”，如“恼煞人”，实际是爱煞人，正话反说，有相反相成之趣。
（2）诗家常借“韦曲”寓兴亡之感。下列诗句寓有兴亡之感的两项是
A．杜甫诗中韦曲花，至今无赖尚家家。（唐·罗隐《寄南城韦逸人》）
B．当年燕子知何址，但苔深韦曲，草暗斜川。（宋·张炎《高阳台》）
C．莫夸韦曲花无赖，独擅终南雨后青。（元·虞集《题南野亭》）
D．花气上林春浩渺，酒香韦曲晚氤氲。（明·胡应麟《寄朱可大进士》）
E．韦曲杜陵文物尽，眼中多少可儿坟。（清（此当作明，出题人有误）·王象巽《游曲江》）
（3） 前人引《南史》注诗中“小乌巾”：“刘岩隐逸不仕，常著缁衣小乌巾。”结合这一注解，谈谈诗的最后两句表达了诗人怎样的思想感情。
【答案】（1）C（2）BE（3）要点一：借向往隐居生活，表达对韦曲春景的喜爱。（或：因韦曲春色美景而生隐居山林之情。）要点二：隐含求仕未果的复杂心情。
【解析】（1）“白发好禁春”意思是满头白发的自己正好消受春天的美景，可见诗歌写的是春天的美景，不是春去夏来。（2）B写燕子不知道高阳台的原址，E写韦曲文物已经没有了，只留下满眼坟墓，都表达了兴亡之叹。A、C、D都是写韦曲的美景。（3）“何时占丛竹”表达了作者对归隐的向往，与前面对韦曲美景的赞赏一脉相承。“头戴小乌巾”运用典故，隐含求仕未果的复杂心情。诗歌鉴赏要仔细阅读全诗，注意诗中出现的意象（即描写的对象），调动常识储备，揣摩形象的象征意味。分析修辞手法及其作用。评价要恰当，严禁人为拔高。围绕人之常情考虑诗歌的感情基调。对人物要察言观行，体会其志趣心境。
【题目】 Have you heard or read stories about people who are sick and have been healed by listening to music? Is it a miracle or a successful form of medicine? Can listening to music relieve pain?
Around the world, music therapy(疗法) is being used to treat different medical conditions and illnesses. Some of the ways people use music therapy are to reduce pain, such as in childbirth or during cancer treatments, or to stimulate brain activity after an injury or money loss. Music therapy has also been successful in aiding children to overcome disabilities. Children can move their bodies with the music and stamp along to the beat.
Why is music a useful therapy? Music is soothing and relaxing, but it also stimulates our brains. Emotionally and physically, we respond to the sounds of music. But the complexity of music (the different tempos, rhythms, melodies and harmonies) provokes(激发) the biggest response. Thus, classical music is most typically used for therapies due to complex sounds and patterns. Although rap or hip hop might be fun to listen to, it’s unlikely that such styles of music would produce the same kind of therapeutic effect. Playing a musical instrument rather than simply listening to music can also be therapeutic for some people, helping relieve stress and anxiety.
Have scientists been able to prove that music can heal disease? Music has been shown to reduce pain in cancer patients by increasing the release of endorphins(内啡肽). Endorphins are the body’s natural painkillers, and when we listen to music, our brains respond by releasing these natural painkillers. It has also been known to contribute to the brain development of the babies who have just been born and even babies still in the mother’s womb. Certain, types of music have also been found to lower blood pressure and slow a person’s heart rate. Many people are hopeful that music could replace the need for some medications(药物) that are normally used to treat certain illnesses. At present, music therapy is used in a variety of settings such as hospitals, rehabilitation centers, nursing homes, day cares and schools.
Although music therapy is not yet considered a mainstream treatment, it is recognized more and more as a useful addition to traditional treatment. So next time you are feeling low or stressed out, put on some relaxing music and let the music heal you.
Title: Music That 【1】 | ||
The 【2】 of music therapy | To treat different medical conditions and illness | To reduce pain |
to 【3】 brain activity | ||
To overcome 【4】 | ||
How does music therapy 【5】 ? | Music is smoothing and relaxing; it stimulates our brains; classical music is a 【6】 due to its complex sounds and patterns. Playing a musical instrument is also useful in 【7】 stress and anxiety. | |
Scientific proofs | Music has been shown to reduce pain in cancer patients by increasing the release of endorphins. It has also been known to contribute to the brain development of the 【8】 babies. Certain types of music have also been found to lower blood pressure and slow a person’s heart rate. | |
【9】 | Music therapy is recognized as a useful 【10】 to traditional treatment. | |
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