题目内容

【题目】1693年英国议会提出《任职法案》，规定凡议员得到国王任命或从国王那里领取薪俸后，就失去了议员资格。该法案被国王威廉三世否决，以后如此多次，直到1707年才获得通过。下列对上述内容解释正确的是

A．英王最终处于“统而不治”的地位

B．英国政体出现了十分严重的倒退

C．英王违背了《权利法案》的规定

D．英国君主立宪制度在渐进中完善

【答案】D

【解析】随着责任制内阁的形成，英王才开始处于“统而不治”的地位，与题意时间信息不合，故A项排除；据题干“1693年英国议会提出《任职法案》”“直到1707年才获得通过”可知此法案的提出反映的是英国君主立宪制度的完善，而不是倒退，故B项排除；据所学知识可知《权利法案》中确立了议会至上的原则，国王不再拥有立法权，但材料中并未涉及英王违背《权利法案》的规定，故C项排除；据题干“规定凡议员得到国王任命或从国王那里领取薪俸后，就失去了议员资格。该法案被国王威廉三世否决，以后如此多次，直到1707年才获得通过”可得出通过对国王权力的不断限制，英国君主立宪制度在逐渐的完善，故D项正确。

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【题目】He rose to his feet and looked forward to _______ the beautiful view of the town and found there was a cinema around ______ he could see a film being shown.

A. enjoying; which B. enjoy; which

C. enjoy; in which D. enjoying; in which

【题目】C

I went to Arizona earlier this month to see what the college of the future might look like. What I found is an exciting new era of higher education that will help more students get a great, personalized education at an affordable price.

This future may not always include the lecture halls, dormitories, and other features of the traditional college experience. Instead, the colleges I visited are experimenting with ways for students to get their degrees online, allowing them to take courses any place and at any time.

These “colleges without walls,” as they are sometimes called, are at the forefront of the effort to broaden access to higher education, especially for low-income students with full-time jobs and families. During my visit, I heard encouraging stories of students who were taking advantage of these flexible learning models to pursue degrees that could put them on paths to new careers.

One of those students was Shawn Lee. He had a compelling story: After dropping out of college decades ago, he found himself in a series of low-paying, often back-breaking jobs. He recently decided to get his degree when he had his first child and wanted to start building a better life.

Tucked away in an industrial park in Tempe, Rio Salado didn’t look much like a traditional institute of higher education. There were no students running to class. Just a couple of glass-faced office buildings. The college had just 22 full-time faculty serving 60,000 students, with more than half of them attending classes online.

Several students I met during my visit said they liked learning online. “I’ve taken college classes in a big auditorium with herds of people. There was no personal connection,” one student said. “Now I can reach my teacher with the click of a mouse.”

After several days’ visit, I left Arizona feeling quite optimistic about what the future holds for higher education.

【1】What does “colleges without walls” in the third paragraph refer to?

A. Colleges that have no walls around.

B. Colleges that students attend online .

C. Colleges that can be entered freely.

D. Colleges that give students more freedom.

【2】 What made Shawn Lee return to attend college again ?

A. That he has nothing to do.

B. That he couldn’t find a job.

C. That the cost of the college is low.

D. That he wanted to find a better job.

【3】How did the writer feel after the visit ?

A. Hopeful. B. Dissatisfied.

C. Disappointed. D. Upset.

【4】What is the writer’s purpose by writing this passage?

A. To explain what “colleges without walls” are.

B. To advertise the colleges.

C. To encourage people to attend higher education.

D. To introduce a new model of education.

【题目】地方行政制度作为中国古代政治文明的重要组成部分，伴随着历史发展而不断变革完善。阅读下列材料，回答问题。

材料一 后世对秦始皇的这一做法，大多盛赞不已。虽然秦代……仅仅持续了二世……但秦代所形成的专制主义中央集权国家，及其所确定的以郡县制为表现形式的行政区划，却为后世历代所遵奉。

——摘编自李晓杰《体国经野：历史行政区划》

材料二 元行省制中央集权是秦汉以来郡县制中央集权模式的较高级演化形态……元行省制所体现的中央集权与地方分权的主辅结合，明显优于单纯的中央集权或单纯的地方分权。

——李治安《元代行省制的特点与历史作用》

材料三 从秦到清，地方行政制度的形态有过纷纭繁复的变化……这种因时而异的变化只是为了更好地发挥这一集权的功能罢了。因此尽管从表面上看，历代行政区域……废置纷繁，分合靡定，但无非皆就前代之制度沿革益损，而无根本性质的变动。

——周振鹤《中国地方行政制度史》

（1）据材料一，后世对秦始皇在地方行政制度方面的哪一做法“盛赞不已”？概括这一做法的影响。

（2）据材料二，概括行省制的特点；结合所学知识，分析元朝行省制的积极影响。

（3）据材料三，你如何理解从秦朝到清朝地方行政制度“无根本性质的变动”？综合上述材料，谈谈你从中国古代地方行政制度演变中得到的基本认识。

【题目】1689年,“民会国会”在决定由威廉和玛丽共同继承英国王位后,就有意把王冠连同拟好的《权利宣言》一同呈献给他们。由此,英国历史上出现“双王共治”的局面。议会此举暗示

A．双王制衡,稳定政局

B．议会扶持,继位合法

C．王权受限,议会主权

D．议会控权,王位虚悬

【题目】—You look so young．Haven’t you graduated from your university?

—Yes, I in the English Department of Zhejiang Normal University for four years．

A．was studying B．study

C．had studied D．studied

【题目】近代平等思想发端于古希腊和罗马，而追求民权平等也是中国民主革命的先行者孙中山矢志一生的奋斗目标。阅读材料，回答问题。

材料一 公元前5世纪，雅典民主制达到高峰，平等的概念被用于政治领域，公民不分贫富和出身均有参与政治生活的同等权利。后来，平等观念随着罗马法的实施而传播开来。西塞罗在《论共和国》中进一步论述道：“真正的法律乃是正确的理性，与自然相吻合……它是惟一的法律……对所有的人是共同的、如同教师和统帅的神”；“既然法律是公民联盟的纽带，由法律确定的权利是平等的，那么当公民的地位不相同时……作为同一个国家的公民起码应该在权利方面是相互平等的。”

——摘自西塞罗《论共和国》、王乐理《美德与国家》

材料二 “人与人之间本来都是平等的……人类主要的天然禀赋，生命和自由……人人可以享受”；“自从人们觉察到一个人据有两个人食粮的好处的时候起，平等就消失了、私有制就出现了。”

——摘自卢梭《论人类不平等的起源和基础》

材料三 孙中山一生奉行“天下为公”。“既知民为邦本，一国之内人人平等，君主何复有存在之余地!”从组织兴中会起，就把“创立合众政府”悬为鹄的。同盟会成立后，他提出“凡为国民皆平等以有参政权”。其后又发明“五权分立”的宪法，在西方三权分立基础上，参照传统的考试权和监察权而成，以保障民权的落实。民国肇造，约法颁布，民权平等曙光初现，旋为复辟势力所断。直至晚年，他依然致力于三民主义的新生，认为法国革命的“平等”和“民权主义”相同。

——据李华兴《评孙中山的民权主义思想》等整理

总结孙中山的民权平等思想，有以下两种认识可供讨论：①它是顺应革命实践发展需要、与时俱进的产物；②它是洋为中用、古为今用的产物。

（1）根据材料一，结合所学知识，指出雅典公民“参与政治生活的同等权利”的方式体现在哪里？概括材料一西塞罗的思想主张并分析其历史意义。

（2）概括材料二中卢梭的主要观点。结合所学指出，为了维护和保障人类的“天然禀赋”，卢梭在政治理论层面又作了怎样的探索？

（3）阅读材料三，对孙中山的民权平等思想，您侧重于哪一种认识？试结合相关史实扼要阐述。（只列观点，不说理由不得分）

【题目】 more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Internet games, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now．

A．If I devoted B．Had I devoted

C．Would I be devoted D．Should I be devoted

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