题目内容

【题目】世界金融危机后，美国大力推进“再工业化”战略，一些制造业相继从中国和其他国家迁回本土，制造业出现明显的“回巢”现象。下表示意2010年以来美国制造业“回巢”的代表性事件。据此回答下列问题。

公司名称

事件

所属行业

××搜索引擎

决定在美国“硅谷”而非中国生产家庭娱乐设备

IT电子

××水系统

将位于中国大连的生产车间回迁美国“硅谷”

电器设备

××电器

开始在美国纽约和肯塔基建立工厂，生产精密电池

IT电子

××电梯

将墨西哥的生产车间撤回美国

电器设备

××汽车

把在中国的部分零件生产和欧洲整车生产转移到美国

汽车

××家具

将工厂从一些低工资国家迁回美国

日用品

【1】美国“回巢”制造业原有海外工厂的销售市场主要是

A. 美国 B. 工厂所在国 C. 日本和欧洲 D. 东南亚和拉丁美洲

【2】美国“回巢”制造业的产业类型主要为

A. 劳动力和资本密集型 B. 技术和资源密集型

C. 劳动力和资源密集型 D. 资本和技术密集型

【3】美国制造业“回巢”的主要原因是

①发展中国家生产成本增加　②美国科技水平高　③美国本土市场扩大　

④发展中国家劳动生产率低⑤美国政府的支持

A. ①② B. ①⑤ C. ②④ D. ③⑤

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】B

【解析】试题分析：

【1】美国“回巢”制造业原主要是IT电子、电气设备、汽车等，海外工厂的销售市场主要是美国，A对、C错。工厂所在 国主要是生产国，B错。东南来、拉丁美洲比较小，经济力量 弱D错。

【2】美国“回巢”制造业主要是IT电子、电气设备、汽车等，主要为资本和技术密集型产业，D对。不是劳动、资源密集型产业，A、B、C错。

【3】美国产业向海外转移的主要原因是这些国家有丰富的廉价劳动力、较低的土地价格等。①错。随着发展中国家的经济发展，生产成本逐渐增加，导致上述制造业回迁美国，①对。从材料中“世界金融危机后，美国大陆推进”再工业化“战略”可以推测出美国制造业“回巢”还受到美国政府的支持，⑤对。B，A、C、D错。

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