Question

【题目】请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填1个单词。

Harvard University health policy researcher Ellen Meara says scholars have found some clues as to why some groups of people have more or less disease than others. She says one important factor in people's health is the amount of education they have.

In her most recent paper, Meara looked at data from the United States census(人口普查). These counts of people occur every 10 years. Meara and her colleagues examined data from several decades.

Meara says they found that in 1990, a 25-year-old who only had some secondary school could expect to live for a total of 75 years. In 2000, a 25 year old with some secondary education could also expect to live to the age of 75.

In contrast, for a better educated 25-year-old, they could expect to live to the age of 80 in 1990. Someone with a similar education level in the year 2000 could expect to live to be more than 81 years, 81.6 years to be exact.

Meara says, not only do better-educated people live longer to begin with, but in the past ten years, more educated people have made gains in the length of their lives. Meanwhile, the life expectancy hasn’t changed for less educated people.

Some of these gains can be explained. Meara says researchers know that people who are more educated are more likely to quit smoking cigarettes, or not start at all, compared to people with less education.

“I think it’s a reminder not to be satisfactory,” Meara says. “Just because a population overall appears to be getting healthier, it doesn't always mean that those advantages and successes that many people have enjoyed really extend into all parts of the population. And I think that's something to really pay attention to regardless of whether you live in the US or elsewhere.”

Meara points out that education can often determine income — people with more education frequently make more money. This makes them aware of health care, and purchase other resources and services that can keep them healthier. But the data on income do not show that people who make more money are automatically healthier. Meara says education is key. People need to be educated in order to take advantage of opportunities for better health.

Title: The Amount of Education【1】____________ to People’s Health.

Groups of people		Less educated people	【2】__________ educated people
Analysis of the 【3】_________ from the census	In 1990	They could live for 75 years.	They could live to the age of 80.
	In 2000	Their life expectancy was the same as in 1990.	They could live 【4】___________ to the age of 81.6.
	In the past ten years	Their life expectancy remained 【5】__________.	They made gains in the length of their lives partly 【6】__________ to their quitting smoking or not smoking at all.
【7】 ____ of the research	People are getting healthier in general, but it doesn’t mean that all parts of the population are enjoying the advantages and successes.
	Income is 【8】_________ to education. People with more education make more money, which helps to【9】_________ their awareness of health care, keeping them healthier.
【10】_________	Education is the key to better health.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】Contributes

【2】Better/More

【3】data

【4】exactly

【5】Results/Findings

【6】unchanged

【7】due/owing/thanks

【8】related/linked

【9】increase/raise

【10】Conclusion

【解析】本文主要讲述了哈佛大学一项关于受教育程度影响身体健康的研究成果。

【1】Contributes 总结归纳 依据文章第一段中的“She says one important factor in people's health is the amount of education they have.”可知，教育程度影响人们的健康；文章的标题中出现了“… to”的短语，故使用“Contribute to”适合，且因为在标题中故需要首字母的大写。

【2】Better/More 原词再现 依据文章第四段中的“In contrast, for a better educated…”可知答案。

【3】data 原词再现 依据文章第二段中的“In her most recent paper, Meara looked at data”可知答案。

【4】exactly 信息转换 依据文章第四段中的“81.6 years to be exact.”可知答案。

【5】Results/Findings 总结归纳 依据表格内容通常“research、survey”的内容和结果通常使用“Results/Findings”。

【6】unchanged 信息转换 依据文章第五段中的“the life expectancy hasn’t changed for less educated people”可知，此处表示的“未改变的”，故使用“unchanged”。

【7】due/owing/thanks 总结归纳 依据文章第六段中的“...researchers know that people who are more educated are more likely to quit smoking cigarettes, or not start at all…”可知受教育程度高的人更健康某种程度上是因为戒烟或不吸烟，故使用“due/owing/thanks to”短语即可。

【8】related/linked 信息转换 依据文章最后一段中的“education can often determine income”可知收入与教育程度有关，故使用“be related/linked to”即可。

【9】increase/raise 信息转换 依据文章最后一段中的“This makes them aware of health care,…”，所以使用“increase/raise one’s awareness of …”即可。

【10】Conclusion 总结归纳 依据文章大意和表格的内容最后通常为总结结论，故使用“Conclusion”即可。