题目内容
【题目】（河南省中原名校豫南九校2017届高三上学期第四次质量考评语文试题）
阅读下面两首唐诗，完成下题。
己亥①岁二首僖宗广明元年
曹松
其一
泽国②江山入战图，生民何计乐樵苏③。
凭君莫话封侯事，一将功成万骨枯。
其二
传闻④一战百神愁，两岸强兵过未休。
谁道沧江总无事，近来长共血争流。
【注】①己亥：公元879年（乾符六年）的干支。②泽国：泛指江南各地，因湖泽星罗棋布，故称。③樵苏：打柴为“樵”，割草为“苏”。④传闻：一作“波间”。
（1）下列对本诗的理解和赏析，不正确的两项是（ ）（ ）
A．第—首开篇轻描淡写，让读者通过一幅“战图”，想象到兵荒马乱、血流成河的现实。
B．“生民”一句借人民流离失所、不堪其苦的现状反衬樵苏生活之乐，凸显乐观精神。
C．“凭君”一句直写作者对将领讲封侯事的厌弃态度，表达出心中对战争的痛恨之情。
D．第二首以“百神愁”之语痛斥战争的罪恶，用“谁道沧江总无食”反讽战事的频繁。
E．两首诗风格迥异：其一用意曲折，语言委婉含蓄；其二着力用笔，表达直白显豁。
（2）两首诗都表达了作者怎样的思想感情？请结合诗（其一）的最后一句加以欣赏。
【答案】
（1）5 分，答出B 项3分，答出E 项2分。
（2）①两首诗表达了作者对战争的控诉（战争给人民造成的深重灾难和浩劫），以及对百姓的同情的思想情感。②“一将功成万骨枯”一句用了强烈的对比手法（以“一”与“万”、“荣”与“枯”的对照），突出枯骨意象，揭示出了“一将封侯，万人丧生”的现实本质。③表达了作者感叹战争无情，并讽刺那些功成名就、黩武好战的将军的感情。
【解析】
试题分析：
（1）B 项分析有误，以“樵苏”之乐亦不可复得，反衬“生民”的不堪其苦。E 项对其一的说法有些偏颇，其一最后一句十分刻意，掷地有声，相形之下更觉字字千钧。
【题目】Communication Principles（2009．江苏)
How you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate．“Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he（or she）is the center”．Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send them．But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communication．A student．for instance，may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment：“I know my teacher doesn’t like the fact that I don’t agree with his opinions．and that’s why he gave me such a poor grade in that class．”The teacher might say the opposite．Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other person’s view is wrong．
The concept of serf originates in communication．Through verbal and nonverbal symbols, a child learns to accept roles in response to the expectations of others．You establish self-image。The sort of person you believe you are，by how others think of you．Positive，negative，and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are．Communication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue process．Our understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other people．In a more obvious way．communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share．So，the communication begins with the self，as defined largely by others，and involves others，as defined largely by the self．
Communication Occurs almost every minute of your life．If you are not communicating with yourself（thinking，planning，reacting to the world around you），you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behavior．Even if the other person did not intend a message for you．you gather observations and draw specific conclusions．A person yawns and you believe that person is bored with your message．A second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to you．A third person smiles（perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently） and you believe that he is attracted to you．We are continually picking up meanings from others’ behaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them．
More often than not，you may have hurt someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean that. You may have told the other person that you were sorry for your statement．You may have made a joke out of your rude statement．Nonetheless，your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mind．You cannot go back in time and erase your messages to others．Communication cannot be reversed（倒退），nor can it be repeated．When you tried to re—create the atmosphere，the conversation，and the setting，nothing seemed right．Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results．
Paragraph outline | Supporting Details |
Communication begins with the self | ●People are somewhat products of others’ treatment and messages． ●we are always【1】 in communication with others． |
Communication 【2】 others | ●Experiences of others help children learn to accept roles． ●Messages from others help you【3】 who you are． ●Needs and【4】 of others should be considered． |
Communication【5】 everywhere | ●We are communicating with ourselves by thinking，planning and reacting to the outside world． ●We are always【6】 other people by observing even if they do not intend any message for you． ●We are constantly collecting meanings from others’ 【7】 ． ●We are constantly【8】 meanings by what we do． |
Communication cannot be reversed nor repeated | ●You may explain what you have done，but you cannot【9】 what remains in the other person’s mind． ●Yon may redo the conversation，but you【10】 achieve the same results． |