题目内容

【题目】Dear readers,

I receive many letters from children and can’t answer them all there wouldn’t be enough time in a day. I’ll try to answer some of the questions that are commonly asked.

Where did I get the idea for Stuart Little and for Charlotte's Web? Well, many years ago, I went to bed one night in a railway sleeping car, and during the night I dreamed about a tiny boy who acted rather like a mouse. That’s how the story of Stuart Littlegot started.

As for Charlotte’s Web, I like animals and my farm is a very pleasant place to be at all hours. One day, when I was on my way to feed the pig, I began feeling sorry for the pig because, like most pigs, he was going to die. This made me sad. So I started thinking of ways to save a pig’s life. Three years after I started writing it, it was published. (I am not a fast worker, as you can see.)

Sometimes I’m asked when I started to write, and what made me want to write. I started early as soon as I could spell. Children often find pleasure and satisfaction through trying to set their thoughts down on paper, either in words or in pictures. I was not good at drawing, so I used words instead. As I grew older, I found that writing can be a way of earning a living.

Well, here is the answer to the last question. No, they are imaginary tales, containing fantastic characters and events. In real life, a family doesn’t have a child who looks like a mouse and a spider doesn’t write words in her web. Although my stories are imaginary, I like to think that there is some truth in them, too truth about the way people and animals feel and think and act.

Yours sincerely,

E.B. White

【1】E.B. White wrote this letter to _____.

A. introduce his new books

B. introduce two funny stories

C. explain why he enjoys writing

D. answer some readers’ questions

【2】We can know from the passage that E.B. White is a writer who ______.

A. writes very fast

B. works on a friend’s farm

C. mainly writes stories for adults

D. writes imaginary tales for children

【3】 What inspired E.B. White to write Charlotte's Web?

A. He wanted children to love animals.

B. He was deeply impressed by a clever pig.

C. He wanted to use his own way to save a pig.

【4】 The reason why E.B. White started to write is to ______.

A. improve his spelling B. express his thoughts

C. show his sadness D. make a good living

【5】 What is probably the last question?

A. Are your stories true?

B. What is the truth in your stories?

C. Will you write more imaginary tales?

D. Do you know a child looking like a mouse?

【答案】【1】D

【2】D

【3】C

【4】B

【5】A

【解析】【1】作者意图题。根据第一段的I’ll try to answer some of the questions that are commonly asked.可知E.B. White写这封信的目的是回答他的小读者们一些常问的问题。

【2】细节理解题。根据第一段的I receive many letters from children以及第五段的No, they are imaginary tales可知E.B. White是一个给小孩写童话故事的作家。

【3】细节理解题。根据第三段的 So I started thinking of ways to save a pig’s life.可知他想用自己的方法使这只小猪活下去,故他写了这个故事。

【4】细节理解题。根据第四段的Children often find pleasure and satisfaction through trying to set their thoughts down on paper, either in words or in pictures.可知E.B. White开始写作是为了表达自己的想法。

【5】推理判断题。通读末段,可知E.B. White主要在解释他所写的故事是不是真实的。

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相关题目

【题目】 A businesswoman got into a taxi in midtown. As it was the rush hour and she was in a to catch a train, she a quick way to reach it. “I have been a taxi driver for 15 years!"the driver said . “You don't think I know the best way to go?”

The woman tried to explain that she hadn't to annoy him, but the driver kept . She finally realized that he was too annoyed to be , so she changed her . “You know, you are right” she told him. “It must seem for me not to think you know the best way the city. ” the driver glanced at his in the rearview mirror, turned down the street she wanted and got her to the train on time. “He didn't say another word the rest of the ride” she said, “ I got out and paid him. Then he thanked me. ”

When you find yourself with people like the taxi driver, you will always try to 14) your idea. It can lead to longer arguments, lose job chances or marriages. I have discovered one simple extremely unlikely method that can prevent the disagreement or other difficult situations from in a disaster.

The is to put yourself in the other person's shoes and look for the in what that person is saying. Find a way to and the result may surprise you.

1 A. hurry B. rush C. moment D. way

2 A. chose B. madeC. found D. suggested

3 A. jokingly B. angrily C. anxiously D. curiously

4 A. supposed B. expected C. meant D. decided

5 A. apologizing B. driving C. asking D. shouting

6 A. reasonable B. thoughtful C. normal D. practical

7 A. road B. mind C. direction D. manner

8 A. strange B. wrong C. terrible D. stupid

9 A. across B. inC. through D. along

10 A. Surprised B. WorriedC. Annoyed D. Disappointed

11 A. rider B. speaker C. helper D. comer

12 A. until B. after C. because D. since

13 A. satisfied B. concerned C. crowded D. faced

14 A. give up B. turn down C. stick to D. point out

15 A. combine B. destroy C. suffer D. divide

16 A. and B. that C. but D. though

17 A. lying B. resulting C. setting D. leading

18 A. problem B. importance C. key D. reply

19 A. fact B. meaning C. expression D. truth

20 A. agree B. argue C. explain D. escape

【题目】根据短文内容,从下框的A-F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。

【1】________

Often a controlling parent is a perfectionist, driving you always to be the best you can and getting angry or upset over grades that are less perfect, no matter how hard you work for them, or finding faults with

tasks you take on around the home. There is nothing wrong with doing a job right, but it seems like no matter how hard you work on it, it's never perfect. In other words, do you ever just receive praise fromthat parent, or is it always justified with a "but..." or "except...".

【2】 ________

It can only be controlled if you allow it to be. Controlling behaviours are eventually the controller's attempt to meet his or her own needs. If the controlling parent demands good grades, don't do poorly.

You are the strong one when you find ways to meet his or her needs and yours, without allowing them to get into your mind. They can force you to pretend to be something you are not, but they can't changewho you actually are.

【3】________

Most controlling parents are simply afraid that you will fail without their intervention. Because they feel it necessary to involve themselves in your life. If you can discover what seems to calm your parents, you will make your own life much easier. For example, if a note from your teacher telling them you haven't turnedin your homework will put you into trouble, do turn in the homework. It's pretty simple but really-do what your parents want /span>you to do, and they will be less intrusive in your life.

【4】________

Some parents control their family with anger. They really lose their temper, lose all self-control, and theresult is no discussion. People are afraid to voice an opinion contrary to the angry parents because they

fear what will happen. This is how anger is used to control you. If you can talk to the parents, ask for the 3-minute-rule approach. Using this approach allows everyone to be heard and also provides some"cooling off" time, which can help manage conflicts.

【5】________

If you are very smart, you will study hard in school and give yourself lots of opinions for change. Evenif you go to school locally, it's suggested that you try to live in the dormitories, or any place other than

your parents' home. Get a job and help with your own living expenses. The sooner you get out form under the shadow of a controlling parent, the sooner the parent will recognize you "Declaration of Independence".

A. Establish your independence as early as possible.

B. Remember that your mind is yours alone.

C. Learn to work with your parents.

D. Identify your fear factor.

E. Learn how to avoid being controlled by anger.

F. Ask yourself if your parent is a perfectionist.

【题目】阅读下边的文字,完成题。

谈审美移情

所谓移情,通俗地说,就是指人面对天地万物时,把自己的情感移置到外在的天地万物身上去,似乎觉得它们也有同样的情感。当自己心花怒放时,似乎天地万物都在欢笑;苦闷悲哀时,似乎春花秋月也在悲愁。当然,天地万物不会欢笑,春花秋月也不会悲愁,是人把自己的悲欢移置到了他们身上。描绘此种移情现象的第一人是庄子。《庄子·秋水》篇中,庄子看见鱼儿出游从容,于是把自己在出游中体验到的快乐之情移置到鱼身上,觉得鱼在出游时也是快乐的。庄子所述,是典型的审美移情现象。

然而,对移情现象作出真正的理论概括是晚近的事。最早把移情作为一种美学观念提出来的是德国学者费舍尔父子。他们认为,我们对周围世界的审美观照,是情感的自发的外射作用。也就是说,审美观照不是主体面对客体时的感受活动,而是外射活动,即把自己的感情投射到我们的眼睛所感知到的人物和事物中去,在费舍尔父子那里,移情观念已大体上确定了,但通过形而上的论证把移情说提高到科学形态的则是德国美学家立普斯。因为移情说的影响巨大,以至于有人把立普斯誉为美学界的达尔文。

审美移情作为一种审美体验,其本质是一种对象化的自我享受。这就是说,审美体验作为一种审美享受,所欣赏并为之感到愉快的不是客观的对象,而是自我的情感。在审美享受的瞬间,是人把自我的情感移入到一个与自我不同的对象(自然、社会、艺术中的事物)中去,并且在对象中玩味自我本身。

审美移情的基本特征是主客消融、物我两忘、物我同一、物我互赠。移情和感受不同。在感受活动中,主体面对客体,主客体是分离的,界限是清楚的。但在移情活动中,主体移入客体,客体也似乎移入主体,主客体融合为一,已不存在界限。对主体而言,他完全地沉没到对象中去,在对象中流连忘返,进入忘我境界;对客体而言,它与生命颤动的主体融合为一,实现了无情事物的有情化,无生命事物的生命化。也就是说,在移情之际,不但物我两忘、物我同一,而且物我互赠、物我回还。清代大画家石涛在描述自己创作的心理状态时所说的“山川脱胎于予,予脱胎于山川”“山川与予神遇而迹化”,就是审美移情中的物我互赠、物我回还的情境。

审美移情发生的原因是同情感与类似联想。谷鲁斯等人认为引起移情的原因是人的生理活动,移情源自于人的“内模仿”。但普斯的观点更可信。他认为,审美移情起源于人的类似联想。人都有一种自然倾向或愿望,要把类似的东西放在同一个观点下去理解,所以总是按照切身经验的类比,去看待身外发生的事件。这就是说,审美的人都具有同情心,以自己体验到的某类情感,去类比、理解周围看起来是同类的事物。这种同情,不但及于他人,也及于其他生物及无生物。

审美移情的功能是人的情感的自由解放。尽管移情不一定伴随美感,但美感则必定伴随移情。因为审美移情能给人以充分的自由。人的不自由常常来自人自身。自身是有限的,它是自由的牢笼。可是审美移情的瞬间,自身的牢笼被打破了,“自我”可以与天地万物往来,获得了自由伸张的机会。“自我”与天地万物的界限消失了,人的情感就从有限扩大到了无限。

(节选自童庆炳《中国古代心理诗学与美学》,有删改)

下列关于移情的表述,不正确的一项是(

A.《庄子·秋水》中,庄子把自己出游中体验到的快乐之情移置到鱼身上,觉得鱼在

出游时也是快乐的。这实际上是庄子对自己感情的对象化享受。

B.最早把移情作为一种美学观念提出来的,是德国学者费舍尔父子。但是,立普斯对

移情的阐释才使得移情说具有了科学形态,他也因之深受赞誉。

C.在审美移情说看来,人的审美体验是主体在对客观对象的欣赏中,触生出千种情绪、

万般感受,从而体验到审美对象所具有的独特的审美价值。

D.移情与感受不同。在感受活动中,主客二分,主体在客体面前保持自我,物我两立;

而在移情时,主体与客体的界限被打破,学科网主体客体相融合。

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