题目内容

【题目】下列词语中加线的字,每对读音都不相同的一项是

A.珠/ /画 /天

B.差/ /涟 /山

C.钓/ 歌/ 雨/

D.凝/呜 /和 鼓/

【答案】C

【解析】A项分别读jī/jī,qiào/qiáo,qiàn/qiàn;B项分别读cēn/shēn, qǐ/yī,yá/yá;C项分别读sǒu/shòu,líng/léng,zhòu/zhóu;D项分别读yē/yè,ǎi/ǎi,xiāo/xiāo。

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【题目】(山西省八校2017届高三联合模拟考试)阅读下面的文字,完成下列各题。

自然作为环境与自然作为其自身是完全不一样的。自然作为其自身以自身为本位,与人无关。而自然作为环境,它就失去了自己的本体性,成为人的价值物。一方面,它是人的对象,相对于实在的人,它外在于人。但另一方面,当它参与人的价值创造时,就不是人的对象,而是人的一部分,或者说是人的另一体,在这个意义上,环境与人不可分。自然当其作为人的价值物时,主要有两种情况:一是作为资源,二是作为环境。资源主要分为生产资源和生活资源。人要生存和发展,必须要向自然获取生产资源和生活资源,但是必须有个限度,超出限度就可能造成整个生态平衡的严重破坏或某些资源的枯竭。一般来说,环境比资源外延要大,但更重要的是,资源是人掠夺的对象,而环境是人的家园。从自然界掠夺资源,不管手段如何,人与自然的关系是对立的;而将自然界看成环境,不管这里的自然条件如何,人总是力求实现与自然的和谐。

对于当今人类来说,重要的是要将自然看成我们的家。家,不只是物质性的概念,还是精神性的概念。环境美的根本性质是家园感,家园感主要表现为环境对人的亲和性、生活性和人对环境的依恋感、归属感。家的首要功能是居住,居住可以分为三个层级:宜居、利居、乐居。当前各地都在创建人类的宜居环境,提出建设花园城市,保护历史文化名城等诸多主张,但宜居在城市功能的各层次中,只是基础,重在环境保护。而利居仍然没有摆脱将环境当作资源的观念。环境一旦成为利用的对象,它与人的关系就存在某种对立。只有乐居,人与环境的关系才不是对立的,而是和谐的,而且这种和谐具有亲缘性、情感性、文化性。亲缘性,说明环境与人共生的关系。情感性,说明环境与人的内在心理的关系。文化性,说明乐居具有丰富而又深刻的文化意味,浓缩提炼了人类文明的精华,真正体现了家园感。

家园感的实现离不开对环境进行建设。环境建设有两种指导理念:一是功利的原则,二是审美的原则。两个原则必须是统一的,且应以审美原则为主导,也就是说可以将工程建设转为景观建设,让工程既有利于人们的生产与生活,又有利于人类的审美。此外,家园感的实现也离不开环境保护。环境保护一是需要科学技术,二是需要理念。在诸多关于环境保护的理念中,审美的环境保护理念有积极意义。这里的构成是丰富的,既有来自生态方面自然方面的美,也有文明方面的人工的美。这样,审美的环境保护不仅包含了以生态平衡为最高原则的科学的的保护,而且高于的保护。比如,城市中的湖水被污染了,按的保护,主要在治理污染,在一定程度上恢复它的生态平衡;而按审美的保护原则,不仅要治理污染,还要进一步做一些美化,如湖岸栽花、湖中养鱼建亭等。

环境作为人的家园,既是空间的,也是历史的。我们应该适度开发自然资源,高度重视保护自然资源,并努力建造乐居的环境。(摘编自陈望衡《环境美学的当代使命》)

【1】下列有关环境资源的表述,不符合原文意思的一项是()

A.作为环境的自然与作为资源的自然都是人的价值物,参与到人的价值创造中。但二者又有所不同。

B.自然作为环境,失去了自己的本体性,成为人的家园。这种情况下,人总是力求实现与自然的和谐。

C.资源外延小于环境,主要分为生产资源和生活资源。只有改变获取资源的手段,才能使人与自然不再对立。

D.自然作为资源,可以满足人生存和发展的需求,是人掠夺的对象,而不加限制地掠夺会造成严重的后果。

2下列对原文第二段内容的理解和分析,不正确的一项是()

A.家的功能是居住。人类对家的居住功能的追求表现在三个方面,分别是宜居、利居、乐居,其中宜居是基础。

B.利居,仍然把环境作为利用的对象,即重视自然作为资源的价值,忽略自然作为环境的价值。

C.乐居既要体现人与环境的共生关系,又要满足居住者对环境的情感认同,还要体现深厚的文化感,三者缺一不可。

D.环境对人的亲和性与人对环境的依恋感是家园感的表现。乐居满足了人在环境方面的全面需要,因而乐居是环境建设的最高目标。

3根据原文的内容,下列理解和分析不正确的一项是()

A.由于资源的枯竭会危及人的生存,所以人类要高度重视保护自然环境。但与此同时,适度开发自然资源的工作也不能停。

B.湖岸植树栽花,湖中养鱼建亭等保护环境的做法,不仅美化了我们的空间,而且也让家园感具有了持续性。

C.环境建设的指导原则应强调功利与审美的统一。例如,可以将工程建设转成景观建设,也就是将审美理念融入工程规划中。

D.审美的环境保护理念中的构成是丰富的,它高于科学的的保护,因而保护环境首先要考虑人工美的因素。

【题目】A desire, wish, hope, expect, want long 填空

1 I __________ you can get on well with your new friends.

2I __________ had worked out the problem in the examination.

3 The boy __________ to be forgiven.

4 We __________ plenty of sleep, not studying all the time.

5 We are all __________ for peace.

6 The Queen __________ to see the newly-elected Prime Minister David Cameron.

B. alarm, terrify frighten 填空

7 They __________ were __________ by the storm.

8 All the miners were greatly __________.

9 Don't __________ the poor man.

C. event, affair, accident, incident matter 填空

10 The football fans behaved well, and the game was played without __________.

11 This is a really important __________.

12 World War I was one of the most important __________ in the history of mankind.

13 I'm sorry about breaking the vase—it was an __________

14 They were accused of interfering in China's internal __________.

D. announcedeclare填空

15 The chairman __________ the meeting closed.

16 Everyone was silent as he __________ the winner of the competition.

E. sympathy pity 填空

17 He felt __________ for the man who is starving.

18 Every person in trouble wants __________.

F. absurd ridiculous 填空

19It's clear to everybody that this idea is __________.

20 How __________ You blame it on me!

G. company accompany 填空

21 She __________ her friend to the concert.

22 My dog will keep me __________ when I am feeling lonely.

【题目】An underwater robot that can hear the calls of whales, and to help ships to avoid them, has just been successfully tested in the Bahamas.

The scheme relies on a fish-shaped glider that moves freely through the ocean. It can dive down as far as 200 meters below the surface and direct itself by shifting a weight from fore to aft. A microphone attached to the bottom of the glider can pick up calls from all whales, including the high frequency call of the beaked whale, which until now has been difficult to detect. The glider returns periodically to the surface to radio its data back to base, or if that's too far away, it can call a satellite phone and send its information anywhere in the world.

"We are entering a new era of underwater sensing' says Jim Theriault of Defence Research and Development Canada, in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia who ran the trial. "We can put a glider in the Bahamas and monitor it in Nova Scotia.

The hope is that naval or other ocean-going operations that use sonar (声呐)will be able to more easily track where whales are, and so avoid using their noisy equipment when they are close by. There is circumstantial evidence that sonar can upset whales and a number of strandings (搁浅)have been seen shortly after naval sonar operations. “We're trying to lower the potential risk by knowing the animals are there says Theriault.

1 The shape of the underwater robot is like __________

A. a man

. a fish

C. a snake

D. a turtle

2 The underwater robot is built to __________.

A. help whales move to the Bahamas

B. help whales give birth to their young

C. help ships avoid whales

D. help humans kill more whales

3 To radio its data back to base, the robot has to __________

A. dive down as far as 200 meters below the surface

B. stay deep in the water

C. call a satellite phone

D. come to the surface periodically

4 The best title for this passage is __________ ”.

A. Whales are in danger

B. Whales are difficult to find

C. Robot built to kill whales

D. Robot built to spy on whales

5 Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A. Whales can be disturbed by naval sonar operations.

B. Whales can be disturbed by noisy equipment.

C. Whales can be disturbed by noisy ocean-going operations.

D. Whales' strandings have nothing to do with naval sonar operations.

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