题目内容
【题目】阅读下面这两首诗，然后回答问题。
闺 怨
沈如筠
雁尽书难寄，愁多梦不成。
愿随孤月影，流照伏波营①。
误佳期闺怨
汪懋麟
寒气暗侵帘幕，孤负芳春小约。庭梅开遍不归来，直恁心情恶。
独抱影儿眠，背看灯花落。待他重与画眉时，细数郎轻薄。
【注】①伏波营：代指诗中征人所在军营。
【1】汪词中“独抱影儿眠，背看灯花落”两句很有意蕴，请结合“独”“背”二字加以赏析。
答：
【2】沈诗和汪词的结尾在写法上有何相同之处？请加以赏析。
答：
【答案】
【1】“独”字展现了主人公形单影只的处境，显现其孤独的心境；油灯灯芯将尽，结成花朵状，本是有喜事来临的吉兆，此处以乐景衬哀情，一个“背”字显现出主人公内心的伤感之情。
【2】沈诗和汪词的结尾都用了虚写的手法。沈诗主人公想象自己孤独无依，随月流洒泻到丈夫的军营，借此表达其思念之情。汪词女主人公想象夫妻相逢之时，必将责备丈夫轻薄无义，借此表达自己的相思之恨。
【解析】
【1】本题考查鉴赏诗歌的表现手法。从沈诗结尾“愿随孤月影，流照伏波营”中的“愿”字，汪诗结尾“待他重与画眉时，细数郎轻薄”中的“待”字可以看出，两诗结尾所描写的情形均非现实情景，而是出于女主人公的想象，为虚写。沈诗借随月流洒泻到丈夫的军营的愿望来表达对丈夫的深切思念，汪词借与夫重逢时数落丈夫的想象来表达自己的相思之恨。据此分析作答即可。
【2】本题考查鉴赏诗歌的语言（炼字）。鉴赏诗歌的用字之妙，要结合该字的语境从表情达意和表达技巧等角度进行分析，“独抱影儿眠”“独”刻画出一个形单影只抱影而眠的思妇形象，表现了人物内心的孤独。古人将灯花视作吉兆，“背看灯花落”一个“背”字写出了主人公内心的伤感，乐景写哀情，极具表现力。
【题目】
Teamwork is just as important in science as it is on the playing field or in the gym. Scientific investigations(调查) are almost always carried out by teams of people working together. Ideas are shared, experiments are designed, data are analyzed, and results are evaluated and shared with other investigators. Group work is necessary, and is usually more productive than working alone.
Several times throughout the year you may be asked to work with one or more of your classmates. Whatever the task your group is assigned, a few rules need to be followed to ensure a productive and successful experience.
What comes first is to keep an open mind, because everyone’s ideas deserve consideration and each group member can make his or her own contribution. Secondly, it makes a job easier to divide the group task among all group members. Choose a role on the team that is best suited to your particular strengths. Thirdly, always work together, take turns, and encourage each other by listening, clarifying, and trusting one another. Mutual support and trust often make a great difference.
Activities like investigations are most effective when done by small groups. Here are some more suggestions for effective team performance during these activities: Make sure each group member understands and agrees to the task given to him or her, and everyone knows exactly when, why and what to do take turns doing various tasks during similar and repeated activities; be aware of where other group members are and what they are doing so as to ensure safety; be responsible for your own learning, though it is by no means unwise to compare your observations with those of other group members.
When there is research to be done, divide the topic into several areas, and this can explore the issue in a very detailed way. You are encouraged to keep records of the sources used by each person, which helps you trace back to the origin of the problems that may happen unexpectedly. A format for exchanging information (e.g., photocopies of notes, oral discussion, etc.) is also important, for a well-chosen method not only strengthens what you present but also makes yourself easily understood. When the time comes to make a decision and take a position on an issue, allow for the contributions of each member of the group. Most important of all, it is always wise to make decisions by compromise and agreement.
After you’ve completed a task with your team, make an evaluation of the team’s effectiveness---the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and challenges.
根据短文内容完成下列表格，一空一词。
Title | Working Together |
Theme | Effective performance needs highly cooperated 【1】 . |
General rules | ·Keep an open mind to everyone’s 【2】 . ·Divide the group task among group members. ·【3】 and trust each other. |
【4】 | ·Understand and agree to the 【5】 task of one’s own. ·Take turns doing various tasks. ·Show concern for others to ensure safety. ·Take 【6】 for one’s own learning. ·Compare your own observations with those of others. |
Explore an issue | ·Break the 【7】 into several areas. ·Keep records of the sources just in 【8】 . ·【9】 your information with others via proper format. ·Make all decisions by compromise and agreement. |
【10】 effectiveness | ·Analyze the strengths and weaknesses. ·Find out the opportunities and challenges. |