题目内容

【题目】阅读下列图文材料,回答相关问题。

材料一 薰衣草原产地中海沿岸,它不仅具有很高的观赏价值,而且具有良好的药用、保健等实用价值。薰衣草耐寒、耐旱、喜光、怕涝。年降雨量在600~800 mm最为适宜。其根系发达,性喜土层深厚、透气良好的沙质弱碱性土壤。上世纪60年代,伊犁地区开始引种,目前是我国最大的熏衣草种植基地。

材料二 辫状水系指发育在三角洲、冲洪积扇、山前倾斜平原上,由许多汊流构成的水流交错、形似发辫的水系。其宽深比大、河道变化迅速。下图为伊犁河谷薰衣草种植区分布和伊犁河辫状水系图。

(1)简要说明伊犁河辫状水系的形成过程。

(2)薰衣草不仅具有观赏、实用价值,还具有较高的生态价值。请说明其生态价值的主要表现。

(3)分析我国新疆伊犁河谷引种薰衣草非常成功的有利自然条件。

(4)中央电视台“走边疆”节目曾对伊犁薰衣草产业现状作过“产业低端,薰衣草难飘香”的报道。请就此为伊犁薰衣草产业发展提几点合理化建议。

【答案】(1)伊犁河流量很不稳定,河水暴涨暴落,且含沙量大;当洪峰进入山前倾斜平原时,流速减慢,泥沙大量堆积形成浅滩;洪峰退后,浅滩岀露形成若干沙岛及多股的忽分忽合河道;洪水再次来时,在原有的河道中又会形成新的沙岛以及新的河道 (2)薰衣草为多年生植物,且根系发达,能够有效遏制水土流失;净化空气 (3)伊犁河谷面向西面敞开,位于西风带迎风坡,降水较为丰富;地处我国西北比内陆,光照充足,且昼夜温差大;河谷地带土层深厚,具有沙性,且排水良好 (4)加大科技投入,培育优良品种,提高产量和质量,打造特色品牌;提高精深加工水平,开发如医疗、高档化妆品等高附加值产品;拓展旅游、文化市场,实现经营多元化等

【解析】整体该题以薰衣草的生产过程为背景材料,以伊犁河谷示意图为切入点,考查农业区位、流域开发、区域发展等知识。要求学生具备能够准确和完整地理解所获取的地理信息的能力,调动和运用地理知识、地理原理与规律等知识,能够对题目要求作答的能力。

(1)伊犁河辫状水系的形成过程,可以从水量、地形等方面回答。伊犁河受西风带来北冰洋和大西洋水汽以及高山冰雪融水的影响,径流量季节变化大,洪水期在山前倾斜平原泥沙沉积形成浅滩;枯水期,浅滩出露,形成多条河道类似辫状,洪水期和枯水期周而复始形成典型的辫状水系。

(2)根据材料薰衣草为多年生植物,且根系发达,能够改善土壤质量,防止土壤结构破坏。根系发达,适宜沙质土壤中生长,有利于遏制水土流失,防止土质沙化。植物能够净化空气。

(3)根据材料薰衣草生长习性是耐寒、耐旱、喜光、怕涝。伊犁河谷位于西北地区,冬季寒冷,伊犁河谷向西面敞开,位于西风带迎风坡,降水较为丰富;温带大陆性气候,光照强,昼夜温差大;河谷地带有一定坡度,利于排水。

(4)伊犁薰衣草产业的可持续发展可从加大科技投入、培育优良品种、提高产量和质量、打造特色品牌、延长产业链,提高附加值等方面回答

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【题目】A sign is another kind of language. Here are some of them that you see on the roads.

Number one is a sign with the number thirty on it.When drivers see this sign, they must not go at more than thirty kilometres an hour. We see this sign when we are getting near a town.Number two is a sign that we’re near a crossing.We must drive carefully.Number three is a sign that there is a bend in the road.Again, we must drive slowly and carefully.It is not safe to go round a bend very fast.Number four is a sign that there is another road coming in from the right.There is a junction at this place. Number five is a sign that there is a hill and number six is a sign that the road gets narrow. Drivers must go slowly and carefully.Number seven has the word “SCHOOL” on it. This is a sign that there is a school at the side of the street or the road. Perhaps there are children going to or leaving school.So drivers must look carefully and go slowly. Number eight is a sign with the letter “P” on it.The letter “P”means “Parking”. At some places, there’re the signs “No parking””or “No waiting”. If a driver leaves his car near one of these signs, a policeman may come and write down the number of his car.

1At the places where you see Sign 1, ________.

A. you are already out of a town

B. you still have thirty kilometres to go

C. there must be a town thirty kilometres away

D. there must be many houses and buildings not far away

2There stands Sign 2 near a place where________.

A. two roads cross B. people can cross the road

C. the roads get narrow D. there are no traffic lights

3You have to drive not only slowly but also carefully when you find________.

A. each of the eight signs B. either of Signs 2 and 3

C. all of Signs 3, 5, 6 and 7 D. any of Signs 3, 5, 6 and 7

4A driver can leave his car________.

A. near Sign 8 at any time

B. near a sign with “No parking” on it

C. near a sign with “No waiting” if there’re no police there

D. near a sign with “P” on it in the daytime

5People put these signs on the roads to________.

A. show drivers the way B. stop cars going too fast

C. make driving even safer D. learn another kind of language

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