阅读下面短文,根据短文内容完成句子。

There are many inventions that have caused great changes in the world. Here is a short introduction of the maglev train (磁悬浮). The history of the maglev train started in the beginning of the 1900s. The American Robert Goddard and the French Emile Bachelet came up with the idea of frictionless (无摩擦的) trains. But scientist didn’t succeed in making it at that time.

About 60 years later, the Japanese started their research on maglev transportation. After many years of experiments, the Japanese began to build their first test line. 7 km in 1975, and finished it in 1977. Many test runs started in July, 1977 with a speed of 517 km/h. In 1990, Japan built the Yamanashi Maglev test line. This test line was 42.8 km long and the first running test was held in 1997.

The Germans also started research on the maglev train in the early 1970s. It took them ten years to make the first track(ti)model. In 1993, the longest nonstop test running was 1,674 km. That same year the speed reached 450km/h.

China finished a 30-km-long maglev train line in Shanghai in 2003. This is the first commercial (商业的) maglev train line in the world. Although this project cost over 1 billion dollars, we should feel proud of it.

1.Robert Goddard and Emile Bachelet ________ the idea of frictionless trains.

2.In 1975, the Japanese began to build ________ of maglev trains.

3.The Germans spent ________ in making the first track model.

4.The Maglev train line in Shanghai is ________ long.

5.________ made the first commercial maglev train line.

The measure(衡量)of a man’s real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out. — Thomas Macaulay

Some thirty years ago, I was studying in a public school in New York. One day, Mrs. Nannette O’Neill gave a math ___ to our class. When the papers were marked she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the ____mistakes throughout the test.

There is nothing really new about cheating in exams. Perhaps that was why Mrs. O’Neill didn’t even say a word about it. She only asked the twelve boys to ____ after class. I was one of the twelve.

Mrs. O’Neill asked no questions, and she did not scold (责备)us, either. Instead, she wrote on the blackboard the ____ words by Thomas Macaulay. She then ordered us to ____ these words into our exercise-books one hundred times.

I don’t ____ about the other eleven boys. Speaking for ____ I can say: it was the most important single _____of my life. Thirty years after being introduced to Macaulay’s words, they ____ seem to me the best yardstick (准绳), because they give us a ____ to measure ourselves rather than others.

____ of us are asked to made great decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle. But all of us are called upon daily to make a great many personal decisions. ____ the wallet which was found in the street be put into a pocket ____ turned over to the policeman? Should the extra(额外的) change that was received at the store be forgotten or ____? Nobody will know except you. But you have to live with yourself, and it is always ____ to live with someone you respect.

1.A. test B. problem C. paper D. lesson

2.A. easy B. funny C. same D. serious

3.A. come B. leave C. remain D. apologize

4.A. above B. common C. following D. unusual

5.A. repeat B. get C. put D. copy

6.A. worry B. know C. hear D. talk

7.A. myself B. ourselves C. themselves D. herself

8.A. chance B. incident C. lesson D. memory

9.A. even B. still C. always D. almost

10.A. way B. sentence C. choice D. reason

11.A. All B. Few C. Some D. None

12.A. Should B. Must C. Would D. Need

13.A. and B. or C. then D. but

14.A. paid B. remembered C. shared D. returned

15.A. harder B. better C. more peaceful D. more natural

When your pen is broken, you think that’s the end of its life. You throw it away. It then joins tons of other garbage that is becoming a big problem in cities.

Each day, about 10,000 tons of waste is produced in Guangzhou, and 17,000 tons of household waste is produced in Beijing. In other countries, the case is similar. “If you’re like most of us, most Americans, you’re making seven pounds (3.17kg) of trash a day,” US writer Edward Humes told CNN. So, an American makes 102 tons of trash in a lifetime.

If you simply throw away that broken pen, it goes to a landfill(垃圾填埋场) and is buried together with many other trash. To prevent polluting the groundwater, workers cover the trash with soil and keep it dry. And your pen will stay there for a long, long time, without having further use. But it could have a better destination: the recycling bin.

Have you ever noticed the different colors of trash bins in the street? Many cities in China have been running a waste-sorting campaign. They divide trash into “recyclable waste” and “unrecyclable waste”. So in Yiwu there are many “Little Yellow Dog” appearing all around the city, even in our campus.

Recycling waste can save energy, reduce greenhouse gas, and keep space free for the unrecyclable trash. Take your pen as an example. At the recycling factory, its metal parts could be taken out and reused to make other things.

But recycling is not enough, experts say. Making less waste in the first place is the way forward. “The best thing to do is just to keep using your stuff for as long as you can,” US writer Adam Minter told Time Out magazine.

1.How much trash does each American make every year on average?

A. 7 kg B. 3.17kg C. 102 tons D. over 1 ton

2.According to the story, how should we deal with broken pens?

A. Throw them away. B. Bury them in a landfill.

C. Put them into a recycling bin. D. Give them to our friend.

3.Waste should be recycled because this can ___.

a. save energy b. produce greenhouse gas c. save landfill space d. save water

A. ab B. bc C. ad  D. ac

4.What is the best way to reduce waste?

A. Recycle different kinds of waste.

B. Keep using your things as long as you can.

C. Keep waste inside your house.

D. Tell people about the importance of recycling.

I teach economics in a university three times a week. Last Monday, at the beginning of class, I asked my students how their weekend had been. One young man said that his weekend had not been so good. He had his wisdom teeth removed. Then he went on to ask me why I always seemed to be so cheerful.

His question reminded me of something I’d read somewhere before: Every morning when you get up, you have a choice about how you want to live that day. I said, “I choose to be cheerful.”

“Let me give you an example,” I continued. “Besides teaching here, I also teach at a college in Henderson, 17 miles down the freeway from where I live. One day a few weeks ago, I exited(离去) the freeway and turned onto College Drive. I only had to drive another quarter mile down the road to the college. But just then my car died. I tried to start it again, but the engine wouldn’t work. So I put my flashes on, took my books, and walked down the road to the college. As soon as I got there, I called AAA (汽车协会) and asked for a tow truck to meet me at my car after class. The secretary there asked me what had happened. “ Δ .” I replied, smiling.

“Your car breaks down but it is not a bad day. What do you mean?”

“My car could have broken down anywhere along the freeway. It didn’t,” I replied. “Instead, it broke down at the perfect place: off the freeway, within walking distance of here. I’m still able to teach my class, and I’ve been able to ask for the tow truck to meet me after class! If my car was meant to break down today, it couldn’t have been arranged in a more convenient way.”

I ended my story. In spite of the early hour, no one in my class seemed to be asleep. Somehow, my story had touched them.

1.The writer of the story is a __________.

A. traffic policeman B. university teacher

C. secretary at AAA D. college student

2.The writer ___________ when his car broke down that day.

A. complained for a long time B. called AAA for help at once

C. waited there for someone’s help D. walked to his workplace

3.Which of the following can be put in Δ ?

A. This is my lucky day.

B. There is something wrong with my car.

C. I’m just a little bit late for work.

D. It is wonderful that my car breaks down.

4.We can learn from the story that ___________ .

A. we should learn to be positive in times of trouble

B. it’s important to keep your car in good condition

C. teachers need special skills to give good lessons

D. personal experiences can touch a person’s heart

Heroes come in all shapes and sizes. Some heroes, like Lucca, are not even human. Lucca is a 12-year-old US Marine Crops (海军陆战队) dog. On April 5, Lucca received an award for her brave military service, during which she lost one of her front legs. Lucca is now retired and lives in California.

Lucca was in London, England, to receive the Dickin Medal from the British charity People’s Dispensary for Sick Animals (PDSA). The organization provides free medical care to the sick and injured pets of people in need. The PDSA calls the Dickin Medal “the highest award any animal in the world can achieve while serving in military conflict (军事冲突)”.

Lucca is the first US Marine Crops dog to receive the medal. She and her owner, Gunnery Willingham, traveled to London, England, for the award ceremony. “Lucca is very intelligent and had an amazing drive for work.” Willingham said.

Lucca was trained to find hidden weapons and explosive devices. She lost one of her legs in an explosion while on patrol (巡逻) in Afghanistan in 2012.

During her six years of active military service in Iraq and Afghanistan, Lucca completed more than 400 missions. She was trained to find hidden weapons and explosive devices. She was so effective on duty that no human troops were killed during any of her patrols.

But Lucca did not escape injury. On March 23, 2012, she was on patrol in Afghanistan’s Helmand province. An explosive device was set off under her. Lucca lost her front left leg right away. She also suffered serious burns on her body.

Lucca is the 66th animals to receive the Dickin Medal since it was introduced in 1943. The award has been given to 30 dogs (including Lucca), 32 World War II messenger pigeons, three horses and one cat.

1.We can infer that Lucca ___________.

A. can see nothing with her eyes B. has some difficulty in walking

C. was trained in London D. is still serving in the US Marine corps

2.We can learn that Lucca used to be ___________.

A. search dog B. guide dog C. hunting dog D. pet dog

3.Which of the following words can NOT be used to describe Lucca?

A. Brave. B. Smart. C. faithful. D. Creative.

4.The Dickin Medal is designed for __________.

A. brave soldiers who protect animals

B. Marine Crops dogs working at war

C. animals serving in military conflicts

D. animals wounded by US Marine Crops

B. 根据短文内容和所给中文提示写出单词的正确形式,每空限填一词。

I am off on a trip on my own. Yes! Alone! I can't wait to go to Europe to see some cities I really want to visit. It is great because I can 1.(挑选) what I want to do in each city. I am going to travel by train on the Euro-rail.  

The train trip was fast and the2.(景色) of the countryside were amazing. Now I am in Salzburg, Austria. The 3.(安静的) hills of Austria are a great place to relax. The movie The Sound of Music was filmed around this area. Mozart, the famous4.(音乐家), was from here. I listened to some of his classical music. 

The train ride to Amsterdam was a long one. It gave me time to write some5.(明信片) to send back home. Amsterdam is a fun city, full of friendly locals and many 6.(游客). I spent the whole day visiting the art museums here. The museum about the famous Dutch artist Van Gogh is filled with 7.(历史) and beautiful art. I took a boat ride and saw local people in 8.(传统的) dress. I even got to taste some delicious Dutch cheese. 

Copenhagen, Denmark, is one of the 9.(安全的) places in the world. I spent a busy and nice day at the Tivoli Amusement Park. It is a huge park which even has concerts and dance shows. Hans Christian Andersen, a famous writer of children's books, was born in this city. I found a lovely bookshop and bought two of his fairy tale books, The Little Mermaid and The Ugly Duckling. 

My travels alone are done! What an 10.(历险) this trip has been! I love it.

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