题目内容

Knowing how to ask for information and help politely is important. In English, “Where are the restrooms?” and “Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?” are similar requests (请求) — both are correct English, but the first could sound rude. It’s important to use correct language, but sometimes this alone is not enough — we need to learn how to be polite when we make requests.

In English, just like in Chinese, we change the way we speak when talking with different people. The expressions you use might depend on whom you are speaking to or how well you know them. If you say to your teacher, “Where is my book?” this will sound rude. But if you say, “Excuse me, Mr West. Do you know where my book is?” your question will sound much more polite. On the other hand, it might be alright to say “Where is my book?” to the people you know well.
And you would not usually say, “Peter, lend me your pen.” A very direct order like this can sound rude in English. Usually in English polite questions are longer and include extra (附加的) language, such as “Could you please...?” or “Can I ask...?” It sounds more polite to say, “Peter, could you please lend me your pen?” If you stop a stranger in the street, we might first say, “Excuse me. I wonder if you can help me.” or “I’m sorry to trouble you but…” before asking him for help.
It might seem that speaking politely is more difficult than being direct, and in a way this may be true.
小题1:When we make requests, we need to speak in a ____ way.
A.politeB.carefulC.differentD.direct
小题2:You should say “____” when you ask a stranger for a way.
A.Which is the way to the zoo?
B.How can I get to the zoo?
C.Do you know the way to the zoo?
D.Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to the zoo?
小题3:Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A.We should use long sentences when we ask for information and help.
B.When we ask for help from others, polite language must be used.
C.The way of speaking is important when we ask different people for help.
D.In English, polite questions are as neccessary as rude and direct ones.

小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:C

试题分析:这篇短文讲述的是,当我们向不同的人去求助或询问信息的时候,要注意说话的方式。如果是向陌生人求助,我们说话的方式就必须是有礼貌的;如果是熟悉的人,就可以用比较直接的方式。
小题1:细节理解题。根据短文第一段的最后一句话we need to learn how to be polite when we make requests.可知,当我们提出要求的时候,我们需要学会怎样说才是有礼貌的。即我们提要求的时候,要用礼貌的方式来表达。故选A。
小题2:推理判断题。根据这篇短文的大意我们可以知道,当我们跟别人说话的时候,尤其是在提要求的时候,一定要注意说话要有礼貌。所以当我们向别人问路的时候,我们不能直接的来提问,而是要加上一些附加的语言,如excuse me, 及can you tell me…。故应选D。
小题3:推理判断题。A选项意为:当我们向别人寻求信息或帮助的时候,我们应该使用长句子。这不符合文章的意思;B选项意为:当我们需要别人的帮助的时候,必须用有礼貌的语言。根据文意可知,如果我们向关系比较好的人询问,用一般的语言也是可以的;D选项意为:在英语里,有礼貌的问题和粗鲁的、直接的问题一样的有必要。这个说法不符合文意。C选项意为:当我们向不同的人求助的时候,说话的方式是重要的。根据短文第二段In English, just like in Chinese, we change the way we speak when talking with different people.可知这个表达是符合文意的。故选C。
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For many people of Norway(挪威), skiing(滑雪) is the best way to have fun in winter. Almost everyone can ski. Children learn to ski after they learn to walk. Long, long ago in Norway, there were no buses, trains or cars. People had to find a way to walk over the deep snow. Skis were the right answer!
Although they love winter, the people of Norway are also happy to see summer come. They enjoy the out-door activities at any time of the year. In summer they swim and sunbathe near the beach. Some people go hiking and go mountain climbing. Sail-boating is also very popular during the warm sunny summer months.
The Norwegians(挪威人), like people everywhere, find many in-door ways to have a good time. During the long winter they also enjoy movies. They like to read books from the libraries in all seasons. Family life is very important to the people of Norway.
小题1:In winter, ______ is the most popular sport for Norwegians to have a good time.
A.skiing.B.skating.C.swimmingD.skateboarding
小题2:Long, long time ago, Norwegians skied for  ______.
A.having funB.crossing the deep snow
C.making moneyD.taking exercise
小题3:How many activities can you find in the passage?
A.5B.7C.8D.6
小题4:The writer wants to tell us about ______.
A.skiingB.the life of Norwegians
C.out-door activitiesD.the way to have fun
小题5:Which sentence is right according to the passage?
A.Norwegians like winter, but they don’t like summer.
B.Norwegians don’t think family life is very important.
C.Norwegians also like indoor activities.
D.Norwegians dislike buses, trains or planes
Naturally, American schoolchildren love holidays. And they get a lot of them each year.
Besides having national holidays such as Thanksgiving and Presidents’ Day off from school, students get longer breaks in the spring and during the summer holidays .In fact, kids in US only go to school for about 180 days a year .To students, holidays are perfect .However, parents think there are advantages and disadvantages.
On the one hand, school holidays allow families to spend time together. Many American parents take time off from work during June ,July or August to travel with their children on vacation either in US or a foreign country. On the other hand, schoolchildren get much more time off school than parents get vacation time. This means that parents with young children may have to pay more in babysitting or daycare costs. As well, the long summer holidays mean that students sometimes get bored .
Besides going on trips with their parents, American students enjoy taking part in different kinds of activities during the holidays. For example, some kids enjoy summer camps and outdoor adventure(冒险) holidays. Such trips are great for adventurous students. They also have a lot to offer students who aren’t usually interested in traditional PE activities. You can do courses in survival(生存) skills, for example. Students learn how to make a camp in the forest, which wild food they can eat and how to find their way back to the center.
Students who are not excited about summer camps and outdoor adventure may take part in courses in computer game design, filmmaking and photography during the holidays. Finally, the traditional school trip to foreign countries is always popular. Students can practice their foreign language skills and experience everyday life in a different culture.
小题1:How long are kids in the US at school every year?
A.About 180 days .B.About 280 days .
C.About 200 days .D.About 300 days .
小题2: What does the underlined word “They” refer to in the third paragraph?
A.Some kids.B.Different traditional PE activities
C.ParentsD.Summer camps and outdoor adventure.
小题3:Which of the following is ture ?
A.Both parents and students think school holidays are perfect.
B.Parents can take care of their young children during all the holidays.
C.Students enjoy taking part in different kinds of activities during holidays.
D.Students don’t like to have school trips to foreign countries during holidays.
小题4:What would be the best title for the passage?
A.School Trips in the US.B.School Holidays in the US.
C.School activities in the US.D.Outdoor Adventure in the US
In most languages, a greeting is usually followed by "small talk". Small talk means the little things we talk about at the start of a conversation. In English-speaking countries people often make small talk about the weather: "Nice day, isn't it?" "Terrible weather, isn't it?" But there is something special about small talk. It must be about something which both people have the same opinion about. The purpose of small. talk is to let both people agree on something. This makes meeting people easier and more comfortable. People usually agree about the weather, so it is a safe topic for small talk. But people often disagree about religion or politics so these are not suitable topics for small talk in English. The topics for small talk also depend on where the conversation is taking place. At football matches, people make small talk about the game they are watching: "Great game, isn't it?" At bus-stops, people may comment about the transport system: "The bus service is terrible, isn't it?"
Greetings and small talk are an important part of conversation in any language. The way people greet each other and the things they talk about, however, may be different from one language to another. This shows that there is much more to learn when we learn a language than just the vocabulary and the grammar of the language. We also have to learn the social behavior of the people who speak it.
小题1:The passage suggests that when we learn a language______.
A.we should know the culture about the country
B.we should only master the grammar and vocabulary
C.we should grasp the importance of the language
D.we should learn about the transport system of the country
小题2: When we say "Great game, isn't it?" we in fact______.
A.have a conversationB.begin a small talk
C.greet each otherD.ask a question
小题3: What we learn from the passage is that______.
A.in English-speaking countries we should talk about the weather
B.different language has different grammar
C.small talk is an important part in a language
D.small talk depends on the purpose of the conversation
When you sit down with your family to eat a meal, do you ever wonder when and where the      of using chopsticks (筷子) began?
People say that the first chopsticks were used in China 5,000 years ago. The practice became widespread in Korea, Vietnam and Japan. Today they are a symbol of        culture.
Of Asian co untries, Japan highlights the importance of chopsticks         a day to celebrate them. August 4 is        as Chopsticks Day in Japan.
The different         traditions of Asia lead to different kinds of chopsticks. For example the Japanese use sharp chopsticks         they eat a lot of fish. Sharp chopsticks are good for picking the fish from the bones.
Chopsticks are made from different kinds of material. Bamboo chopsticks are         because the material is easy to break apart and doesn’t burn easily. People also use wood and bone for chopsticks. Some rich people had theirs         from valuable metals. Many emperors used silver chopsticks, for it was believed that they would turn        if there was poison in the food.
There are also many table manners       with chopsticks. For instance, never stick your chopsticks upright in your rice bowl or tap on your bowl with your chopsticks. People believe this is impolite to the host.
小题1:
A.advantageB.traditionC.instru ction D.time
小题2:
A.EuropeanB.AmericanC.AsianD.Chinese
小题3:
A.withB.throughC.onD.over
小题4:
A.pickedB.madeC.usedD.set
小题5:
A.homingB.producingC.cookingD.gardening
小题6:
A.because B.soC.once D.unless
小题7:
A.usualB.commonC.generalD.strong
小题8:
A.to make B.makingC.made D.being made
小题9:
A.blackB.grayC.dark D.red
小题10:
A.popularB.filledC.compared D.connected
In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist, so he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden. That was the first photo.
The next important date in the history of photography (摄影) was in 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room. He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called Daguerreotype.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s way. Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world. People took pictures of famous buildings, cities and mountains.
In about 1840, photography was developed. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. That was not simple. The photographers had to carry a lot of film and other machines. But this did not stop them, for example, some in the United States worked so hard. Mathew Brady was a famous American photographer. He took many pictures of great people. The pictures were unusual because they were very lifelike (栩栩如生的).
Photography also became a kind of art by the end of the 19th century. Some photos were not just copies of the real world. They showed ideas and feelings, like other art forms.
Answer the following questions according to what you read.
小题1:Who took the first photo?  (不超过四个单词)
小题2:The Daguerreotype was a kind of photo, wasn’t it? (不超过三个单词)
小题3:If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in 1840, what did he have to carry? (不超过七个单词)
小题4:Why was Mathew Brady famous? (不超过八个单词)
小题5:When did photography become a kind of art? (不超过七个单词)

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