Daniel Anderson, a famous psychologist, believes it's important to distinguish (区分) television's influences on children from those of the family. We tend to blame TV, he says, for problems it doesn't really cause, overlooking our own roles in shaping children's minds.

One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a child's ability to think and to understand the world. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images (影像). Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see. Actually, children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows. Furthermore, as many teachers agree, children understand far more when parents watch TV with them, explaining new words and ideas. Yet, most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front of the set and do something in another room.

Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment. But according to Anderson, the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability. TV doesn't take the place of reading for most children; it takes the place of similar sorts of recreation, such as listening to the radio and playing sports. Things like parents' educational background have a stronger influence on a child's reading. "A child's reading ability is best predicted by how much a parent reads." Anderson says.

Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ (智商) scores and affects school performance. But here, too, Anderson notes that no studies have proved it. In fact, research suggests that it's the other way around. "If you're smart young, you'll watch less TV when you're older," Anderson says. Yet, people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers.

For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children. However, by showing that television promotes none of the dangerous effects as conventionally (传统上) believed, Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned without considering other influences.

1.An educational program is best watched by a child ________.

A. on his own

B. with other kids

C. with his parents

D. with his teachers

2.Which of the following is most related to children's reading ability?

A. Radio-listening.

B. Television-watching.

C. Parents' reading list.

D. Parents' educational background.

3.Anderson believed that ________.

A. the more a child watches TV, the smarter he is

B. the younger a child is, the more he watches TV

C. the smatter a child is, the less likely he gets addicted to TV

D. the less a child watches TV, the better he performs at school

4.What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To advise on the educational use of TV.

B. To describe TV's harmful effects on children.

C. To explain traditional views on TV influences.

D. To present Anderson's unconventional ideas.

Children laugh often and easily . But as we grow up , we laugh less and feel more stressed. Try laughing for no reason at all . That’s how thousands of people start their day at Laughter Clubs around the world , and doctors now think that having a good laugh may be one of the best ways to stay healthy. The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai ,India ,in June,1995 by Dr Madam Kataria. “ Young children laugh about 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day , ”says Dr Kataria . “Everyone’s naturally good at laughing . We want people to feel happy with their lives .” There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over 1,300 worldwide.

Place: 264 North Main Street , East Longmeadow. We’re in an office building near the entrance . Walk down the hall and we’re on the right .

When : Every Sunday afternoon from 3:45 p.m. to 4:45 p.m.

Cost : Free. Donation will be welcomed.

Ages : Adults from 18 to 75.

Parking (停车):If you’re facing the building ,the car park is on the right of the building .

Teacher : Robert Rivest.

More information ,go to http:// www. robertrivest.com.

If you want to feel like a kid again ,try our Laughter Club . You will get used to it in five minutes and begin to laugh for real in ten minutes and sometimes you just can’t stop! You’ll experience deeper pleasure in half an hour. You’ll meet other people who want more fun and laughter. And you will feel so relaxed in about one hour !

Come and join us for laughter and a fun social experience!

1.The text is a ______ .

A. note B. report C. story D. poster

2.How soon will you start laughing in the Laughter Club ?

A. In five minutes. B. In ten minutes.

C. In half an hour. D. In about one hour.

3.The main purpose of Paragraph 1 is to ________.

A. tell people where the first Laughter Club is

B. explain how laugh makes people stay healthy

C. show Laughter Clubs are popular in the world

D. describe the reason why children laugh often and easily

4.Which of the following is true ?

A. When you go out of the Laughter Club ,you should turn left for the car park .

B. You may stay in the Laughter Club for more than one hour.

C. Children can go to the Laughter Club with their parents.

D. You have to donate to join the Laughter Club .

阅读与回答问题。答案不超过五个词。

There was a little boy with a bad temper(脾气).He got angry easily and often shouted at those who loved him.

One day, his father gave him a bag of sssnails(蜗牛) and told him, “Every time you lose your temper, drive(施力于…) a snail into the fence.”

The first day the boy drove 37 ssnails into the fence.Then the number got smaller.The boy found that it was easier to hold his temper than to drive those ssnails into the fence.

Finally the day came when the boy didn’t lose his temper at all.He told his father about it and the father said, “Now, my son, pull out one snail each day when you are able to hold your temper.”

Days passed and the young boy was finally able to tell his father that all the ssnails were gone.The father took his son by the hand, led him to the fence and said, “You have done well, my son, but there are holes in the fence.The fence will never be the same as before.When you are in anger, what you do leaves a scar(伤痕) just like this.You can put a knife into a man and draw it out.No matter how many times you say sorry, the wound is still there.A verbal(口头的) wound is as bad as a physical one.”But we often hurt our family and friends through our angry words.Maybe next time when you feel you are going to lose your temper, take a deep breath(呼吸) to avoid hurting the people we love.

1.Who had a bad temper?

2.What did the father give his son one day?

3.How many ssnails did the boy drive into the fence the first day?

4.What did the boy find much easier?

5.What can you do when you feel you are going to lose your temper?

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