题目内容

In the Caucasus region(高加索地区), nearly 50 out of every 100,000 people live to celebrate their 100th birthday, and many don’t stop at 100! By comparison, in America only 3 people in 100,000 reach 100. But these Caucasus people aren’t alone. The Pakistani Hunzas, who live high in the Himalaya Mountains, and the Vilcabambans of the Andes Mountains in Ecuador seem to share the secret of long life too.

  These peoples remain healthy in body and spirit despite the passage of time. While many older persons in industrial societies become weak and ill in their 60s and 70s, some Caucasus people aged 110-140, work in the fields beside their great-great-grandchildren. Even the idea of aging is foreign to them. When asked, “At what age does youth end?” most of these old people had no answer. Several replied, “Well, perhaps at age 80.” The very youngest estimate was age 60.

  What accounts for this ability to survive (live) to such old age, and to survive so well? First of all, hard physical work is a way of life for all of these long-lived peoples. They began their long days of physical labor as children and never seem to stop. For example, Mr. Rustam is 142 years of age. He remembers his life experience: the Crimean War of 1854; the Turkish War of 1878; the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917. His wife is 116 years old. They have been married for 90 years. Mr. Rustam has no plan of retiring from his life as a farmer. “Why? What else would I do?” he asks. Oh, he’s slowed down a bit. Now he might quit (stop working) for the day after 6 hours in the field instead of 10.

  All these people get healthful rewards from the environment in which they work. They all come from mountainous regions. They live and work at elevations(海拔)of 5,000 to 12, 000 feet(1,660 to 4,000meters) above sea level. The air has less oxygen and is pollution-free. This reduced oxygen environment makes the heart and blood vessel(血管)system stronger.

  Another factor(因素)that may lead to the good health of these people is their isolation. To a great extent, they are separated from the pressure(压力)and worries of industrial society.

  Inherited(遗传的) factors also play some role. Most of the longest-lived peoples had parents and grandparents who also reached very old age. Good family genes may, therefore, be one factor in living longer.

  Finally, although these three groups don’t eat exactly the same foods, their diets are similar. All of them eat little animal meat. Their diets are full of fresh fruits, vegetables, nuts, grains, cheese and milk. They never eat more food than their bodies need.

  It is clear that isolation from urban pressure and pollution, clean mountain air, daily hard work, moderate diets, good genes, and a youthful approach to life all lead to the health and remarkable long life of all these people.

1. What is the main idea of this article?

A.Cause and effect of long-lived life.

B.People in the world enjoying a longer life.

C.Factors leading to the health and long life of people.

D.A description of several societies where people living a long life.

2. “The idea of aging is foreign to them” means that _________.

A.they don’t care much about their age

B.they have no idea of how old they are

C.they won’t say anything about their age until they are asked to

D.the idea of getting old has never come into their mind

3. How do you think the writer feels about these long-lived people?

A.He is much impressed with them.

B.He doesn’t care a bit about them.

C.He hopes that they will live a still longer life.

D.He doesn’t think their life is full of pressure and worries.

 

【答案】

1.C

2.D

3.A

【解析】

试题分析:这篇文章讲了一些生存在世界上的长寿人以及他们的生活环境,生活方式还有饮食习惯。

1.主旨题。根据全文大意可知,这篇文章在说影响人们健康和长寿的因素。故选C

2.细节推断题。由第二段Even the idea of aging is foreign to them. When asked, “At what age does youth end?” most of these old people had no answer. Several replied, “Well, perhaps at age 80.” The very youngest estimate was age 60. 当他们的被问到什么年龄代表着青年的结束。他们大多没有概念,由几个人回答道,“或许到80岁吧”。最少也到60岁吧。由此可以推断出“The idea of aging is foreign to them”的意思是“他们从来没有过变老的这种想法”。故选D

3.推断题。由全文大意可以推断出,这些长寿人给作者留下非常深刻的印象,可排除B,C,D。故选A

考点:人生百味类说明文

点评:本文围绕长寿这一主题,讲述了相关的长寿地区,因素。主旨题需要学生在每篇文章的总起段落进行找答案,或是第一段或是最后一段。推断题,学生可以结合题目所在的文章相对应地方的前一段或是后一段进行理解,结合选项利用排除可以作答。

 

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阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项

  I had my first job at the age of thirteen, when a friend of my mother’s who owned a book shop hired(雇佣) me for six hours a week to help her in the shop. I was very  1   to earn my own pocket money and my parents  2   interfered(干涉)with how I spent it, even when I was spending it foolishly. They believed that by earning money, spending it, and learning from the  3  , I would become more mature(成熟的) and responsible about how to handle work, relationships with others, and money.

  Like many American parents, my parents also let me and my brothers do things over which they  4   a great deal. When I was sixteen, for example, after I finished high school and before I entered university, I wanted to spend the summer months traveling around Europe. My mother was against the idea of my traveling alone at such a young age, but my father felt that it would be a great  5   for me. In the end, my father won the argument(争论) on the  6   that I limited(限定)my traveling to France, my mother’s home, where I had many uncles, aunts and cousins spread out through the country who could  7   shelter(住处)and help if I needed them.

  Three years later, my younger brother decided to  8   a year off after his first year in university and travel through the United States and the Caribbean. Again my mother was very worried and not eager to see my brother leave school, but my father encouraged him and my brother had a(n)  9   year working his way on trains and ships to  10   passage to different ports and cities, and discovering many fascinating places and people.

  These kinds of experiences are probably rare(稀少的)for children in many countries but in the US they are fairly common. Most parents start  11   their children at a young age to do small things by themselves. By the time they have finished high school, many American kids have already had part-time jobs, traveled around the US or other countries on their own, have selected the university they plan to attend and maybe even  12   on their future career, and so on.

1.                A.anxious       B.content      C.proud    D.hopeful

 

2.                A.never          B.ever        C.always    D.even

 

3.                A.problems       B.mistakes        C.disappointment D.failure

 

4.                A.helped         B.supported       C.shared   D.worried

 

5.                                  A.journey   B.experience

C.decision                      D.possibility

 

6.                A.situation       B.agreement      C.gesture   D.condition

 

7.                A.promise      B.afford          C.provide   D.serve

 

8.                A.set            B.put            C.take D.keep

 

9.                A.unusual        B.hard           C.strange   D.busy

 

10.               A.accept       B.earn           C.find  D.search

 

11.               A.bringing      B.forcing

                C.pushing                      D.protecting

 

12.               A.worked       B.decided        C.carried    D.tried

 

 

A woman repeated a bit of gossip (流言) about a neighbor. Within a few days the whole neighborhood knew the story. The neighbor was deeply hurt. Later the woman learned that it was completely untrue. She was very sorry and went to a wise old man to find out what she could do to repair the harm.

“Go to the market,” he said, “and buy a chicken, and have it killed, then on your way home, pick its feathers(毛) and drop them one by one along the road.” Although surprised by this advice, the woman did what she was told.

The next day the wise man said, “Now, go and collect all those feathers you dropped yesterday and bring them back to me.”

The woman followed the same road, but she was so discouraged when she found the wind had blown all the feathers away. After looking for hours, she returned with only three in her hand.

“You see,” said the old man, “it’s easy to drop them, but it’s impossible to get them back. So it is with gossip. It doesn’t take much to spread(散布) a gossip, but once you do, you can never completely undo(弥补) the wrong.”

1.Why did the woman feel sorry?

A.She didn’t know the story.

B.She hurt her neighbor deeply.

C.She was hurt deeply.

D.She was told an untrue story.

2.The underlined word “discouraged” might mean          .

A.surprised         B.excited           C.upset             D.pleased

3.Which of the following statements is true?

A.The gossip didn’t hurt anyone at all.

B.The wise man is not kind enough.

C.All the feathers had been blown away..

D.The woman was given a lesson.

4.What the wise man said has nearly the same meaning as the Chinese phrase “_________”.

A.覆水难收         B.无中生有          C.欲速不达         D.得道多助

 

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