Do you know why you sleep? You may think it’s because you’re tired. Or perhaps you’ve been told sleep is good for you. Yet no one knows exactly why or how people sleep.
Until the early 1950s, most scientists thought the body and brain rested during sleep. Then a scientist watched people sleep. He noticed that during periods of between 5 and 30 minutes each, sleepers’ eyes made rapid movements, as if they were watching something. He called these periods REM sleep, for Rapid Eye Movement. Periods when sleepers’ eyes did not move he called non-REM sleep.
Whenever the scientist woke people during REM sleep, they were having vivid dreams. Measurements showed that sleepers’ pulses(脉搏)went up quickly during REM sleep. Their breathing, heartbeat, and the blood going to the brain also increased. Far from being a time of rest, REM sleep is a time when the body is hard at work. Scientists still don’t know the reason for this. Some believe REM sleep makes learning easier. Babies spend a lot of time in REM sleep. Because of this, some scientists believe that REM sleep helps the brain grow. Others think REM sleep is a time for the brain to empty the day’s garbage.
One thing all the scientists agree on is that sleep is necessary. Without enough sleep, people make mistakes. Most major car accidents happen during the early morning hours, when people are sleepiest.
【小题1】During REM sleep, a person’s breathing and heartbeat ________.

A.stopB.increaseC.decreaseD.stay the same
【小题2】Which word in paragraph(段落)3 means “colorful and lively”?
A.easierB.emptyC.vividD.quickly
【小题3】Which paragraph tells what happens when people don’t get enough sleep?
A.1B.2C.3D.4
【小题4】What is the main idea of the article?
A.REM sleep helps the brain grow.
B.REM sleep has been watched and recorded by scientists.
C.REM sleep is a time to empty the day’s garbage.
D.REM sleep is an active time when the body is hard at work.
【小题5】You can decide from the article that REM sleep ________.
A.has a restful effect on people
B.can be avoided with lots of sleep
C.is something that all people experience
D.is something that all scientists agree on

“I hate school, and I’m not going back!”Have you ever had that thought?
Lots of kids have had. Usually this feeling doesn’t last long. But what if you feel this way too much? If you are stressed out, you might have a hard time making decisions. In the morning, you can’t decide what to eat, what to wear, or what to take for lunch.    Sometimes it’s a problem with your classes and schoolwork. Maybe the work is too easy and you get bored. Or maybe the work is too hard, or you don’t feel as clever as the other kids. Reading may be difficult for you, but you are asked to do a lot of it. You may be getting farther and farther behind, and it may seem that you will never catch up with others. When you know why you don’t like school, you can start taking steps to make things better 
It’s a good idea to talk to someone about your problems at school. Your mom, dad, friends, teachers, or even classmates will be able to help you.
Another good idea is to write down your feeling about school. For instance, keep a diary or just write in a notebook. It’s a great way to let out emotion that may be stuck inside you. And you don’t have to share(分享)what you have written with others.
The next time you find yourself disliking school, this will also help you:
Make a list of everything you dislike or enjoy—even there is only one thing. See what you can change on “don’t like” list. Could you find a way to show off your special interests and talents on what you like? Which activities could you try that would help you solve these “don’t like” problems? Focus on what you can change and you might be able to put the good feeling back in school!
【小题1】This article mainly gives you some advice on       .

A.how to beat stress
B.what if you don’t like school
C.how to deal with the problems in studies
D.communications with your parents
【小题2】How many steps are mentioned in the article to make things better if you don’t like school?
A.Two.B.Four.C.Three.D.Five.
【小题3】What may cause you to have strong feelings against school?
A. Being too stressed out.
B. Not doing well in studies.
C. Too much homework.
D. A, B and C.
【小题4】 We can know from the passage that       .
A.most students hate school in a way
B.all the students have the same problems
C.making a list can solve all your problems
D.a diary is something personal
【小题5】 The sentence “Focus on what you can change” in the reading means       .
A.do something to change the condition
B.wait and see
C.have a positive attitude towards schoolwork
D.be friendly to others

Deep down in the sea, Oliver, a little octopus(章鱼)sat on the floor covered with sand, bored and upset. He watched pretty fish swimming in and out of rocks, which were laughing and dancing in the sea. “Why am I so different?” he said to himself sadly.

“You are an octopus, Oliver. That’s special.” The sweet voice of Cherub, a beautiful purple angelfish (神仙鱼), always made Oliver feel better. Oliver looked up at the purple angelfish and smiled. Cherub suggested, “Let’s play hide-and-seek (捉迷藏).” They were having so much fun that they didn’t realize they had swum far from home. Suddenly, Cherub saw a large shark (鲨鱼) swimming above them. “It was Big White… the biggest, scariest shark in the sea,” she shouted to Oliver. Cherub looked at Big White hopelessly. She was too frightened to swim. Just at this moment, Big White rushed down toward them. An idea came to Oliver. He quickly sprayed (喷射) a very dark cloud of black water to the shark’s eyes. Then Oliver and Cherub escaped and got home safely.

“Are you OK?” asked Oliver. I am lucky to have you as my friend!” Oliver’s face turned red. “I guess being different can be pretty cool in some situations,” Oliver said. “That is what I tried to tell you,” Cherub smiled.

根据短文内容判断正、误。

(注意:考生将答题卡相应位置涂黑。正确的涂“A”,错误的涂“B”)

1.In the beginning, Oliver laughed when he saw pretty fish swimming around him.

2.Oliver and Cherub were enjoying themselves when Cherub noticed Big White swimming above them.

3.Cherub was brave and calm when she faced the unexpected danger.

4.Oliver’s quick mind and action saved Oliver himself and Cherub.

5.From this passage, we know we have our own advantages in all situations, though we are different.

 

Marianne, a schoolgirl, was learning to play the piano, and day after day her father stood behind as she played. How patient and loving her father was, and how cleverly he   1__  Marianne how to play the difficult piece! And there, almost lost in the big chair, sat Wolfgang. Nobody told him to   2  when Marianne was playing.

One evening the father said to Marianne that she had done very well. At the moment Wolfgang climbed onto his father’s leg and said to his father that he wanted to   3  the wonderful piece.

What a joke that was! He picked up his baby son, laughed, and said, “Look at your   4          hands. Why, you cannot span (横跨) the keys yet, you must wait, little man. You must wait!”

There was no end of fun during tea, and Marianne told her mother about Wolfgang   5  to play one of the pieces.   6  a while, the father stood up. “Listen!” said he. “Listen! Marianne is playing that piece   7  than ever!" But Marianne was washing plates in the kitchen.

His wife following, he moved upstairs quietly, pushed the door, and saw little Wolfgang __8__  in the darkness (黑暗). “I love it   9 !” said the child. It was the   10  of Mozart’s life of music.

1.

A.found

B.asked

C.showed

D.hoped

 

2.

A.make noises

B.study hard

C.sit still

D.keep quiet

 

3.

A.learn

B.teach

C.play

D.hear

 

4.

A.clever

B.small

C.dirty

D.big

 

5.

A.asking

B.learning

C.wanting

D.waiting

 

6.

A.In

B.For

C.During

D.After

 

7.

A.louder

B.better

C.longer

D.worse

 

8.

A.playing

B.sitting

C.sleeping

D.singing

 

9.

A.so

B.too

C.again

D.all

 

10.

A.turn

B.start

C.change

D.end

 

Nearly all of us have an unpleasant habit, whether we realize it or not, and we want to get rid of it but didn’t know the proper ways. Here’s some advice on how to get rid of bad habits.

n Make a list.    Write down all the reasons why you want to stop a certain behavior----how it’s hurting you and why getting rid of it will help. Look at that list regularly.

n Join other activities.  ② It’s wise of you to do something else when you want to stop your bad habits. If you get angry easily, for example, you can practice deep breathing or go for a walk.

n Give yourself a reward.  Before you get rid of a bad habit, decide what you’ll do to celebrate it if you achieve your goal.

n Keep off bad habits.    If you are fat and want to lose weight, keep junk food(垃圾食品) out of your house. If you are a heavy smoker, keep away from smoky bars or friends who like smoking.

n Be patient.     Bad habits develop over years, so you probably won’t be able to get rid of them quickly. In fact, people often give up several times before being successful, so you should ① ___________  ___________.

n Find support.   Don’t be afraid to ask for support from friends, family or other people who have the same bad habits as you. When you talk to others, they might be able to give you some advice or encouragement that you normally wouldn’t get from yourself.

1.在①处横线上填入适当的词。___________ ___________

2.将②处划线部分翻译成中文。______________________________________________

3.回答问题How many suggestions are offered to help you get rid of bad habits?       _____________________________________________________________________________

4.找出并写出所给句子的同义句。

You should be brave enough to get help from your friends, family or other people, because they may have the same bad behavior as you._____________________________________

5.找出并写出最能表达该短文主题的句子。

_____________________________________________________________________________

 

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