题目内容

When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.

These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 4,56 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. " Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence(能力)and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society," said George Vaillant, the psychologist(心理学家)who made the discovery. "And because they felt good about themselves,others felt good about them.”

Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31and 47.Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mental- health scores with their boyhood一activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.

The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.

Working--at any age-- is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence-the underpinnings(基础) of emotional health. "They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work.”

1.What do we know about John?

A.He enjoyed his job and marriage. B.He had few childhood playmates.

C.He received little love from his family. D.He was admired by others in his childhood.

2.Vaillant’s words in Paragraph 2 are mentioned as_________

A.a description of personal values and social values

B.an analysis(分析)of how work was related to competence

C.an example for parents' expectations of their children

D.an explanation why some boys grew into happy men

3.Vaillant's team made some discoveries by_________

A.recording the boys’ effort in school B.judging the men’s mental health

C.comparing different sets of scores D.measuring the men's problem solving ability

4.What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A.Competent adults know more about love than work.

B.Emotional health is necessary to a wonderful adult life.

C.Love brings more joy to people than work does.

D.Independence is the key to one's success.

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阅读牛津大学( The University of Oxford) 的信息, 请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F) 中选出与之相对应的信息。选项中有一项为多余选项。

The University of Oxford is about a thousand years old. It is famous all over the world, but why is it so well known?

1.

Yes. There are over 22,000 students at Oxford: about 12,000 of these are undergraduates (本科生) and 10,000 are postgraduate students (研究生). Around 25% of the people of the city of Oxford are students.

2.

In lots of ways. Firstly, the university has more than 30 different colleges (学院). Secondly, students wear special clothes for exams and other important university events. Finally, the degree ceremony is in Latin, the language of the ancient Romans.

3.

Yes, it does. Two of the most famous buildings are the Bodleian and the Sheldonian. The Bodleian is the university library and has over eleven million books. At the Sheldonian, concerts, lectures, degree ceremonies and other university events take place.

4.

Yes! These include David Cameron and 25 other UK prime ministers (首相), 27 Nobel prize winners, famous scientists such as Stephen Hawking and 120 Olympic gold medalists.

5.

This is the publishing department of the university. It sells over 110 million books each year and is famous for the Oxford English Dictionary. There are about 300,000 words in this dictionary and it is more than 60 kilos!

A. Are there many famous students?

B. Does the university have different colleges?

C. How is Oxford different from other universities?

D. Does the university have many famous buildings?

E. What is Oxford University Press(出版社)?

F. Are there lots of students at the university?

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