题目内容
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
For the first time, Zhang Shengyu, a student at Laiyang Middle School in Shandong, didn’t ask her mother to buy _____ a new schoolbag or any new pens for the beginning of the school term. “My old schoolbag can still be used, so there is no need to buy a new one,” Zhang Shengyu said. “I’ve _____ to be thrift* from now on.”
As the ____ of the family’s attention, many of the one-child do not know about the hardships* of life. They sometimes have ____idea of the value* of things. Many students would _____pens and erasers that haven’t been used up and buy new ones. Some students like to have a competition with each other to see whose clothes and school things are ______.
The Ministry of Education _____a notice on its website on Jan 20. It called on students to form good _____ such as stopping wasting food. Many schools think teaching the value of money to be an important ______ and encourage their students to be thrifty.
Teachers at Yu Cai Middle School in Wenzhou gave a speech _______ the food on the first day back to school this year. “When we came back from the holiday, we found a slogan “Empty Plates” on _______ table in the dining room. It tells us that it’s______ OK to waste. In the past, I ordered three dishes for each meal, but now I only order two. ______ I want to try three, I will ask for a smaller one”. Wang Tong said.
Students at No 44 Middle School of Shijiazhuang, Hebei planted many fruit trees in their school. Through taking care of the trees, the students learned ______to cherish* things.
At Tie Yi Middle School in Xi’an, students organized a group to collect used pen refills* and use them for crafts*. “What we students do are small things, ________I think with everyone’s work, we can make a difference,” said Li Dongdong,, a 16-year-old student at the school.
For the first time, Zhang Shengyu, a student at Laiyang Middle School in Shandong, didn’t ask her mother to buy _____ a new schoolbag or any new pens for the beginning of the school term. “My old schoolbag can still be used, so there is no need to buy a new one,” Zhang Shengyu said. “I’ve _____ to be thrift* from now on.”
As the ____ of the family’s attention, many of the one-child do not know about the hardships* of life. They sometimes have ____idea of the value* of things. Many students would _____pens and erasers that haven’t been used up and buy new ones. Some students like to have a competition with each other to see whose clothes and school things are ______.
The Ministry of Education _____a notice on its website on Jan 20. It called on students to form good _____ such as stopping wasting food. Many schools think teaching the value of money to be an important ______ and encourage their students to be thrifty.
Teachers at Yu Cai Middle School in Wenzhou gave a speech _______ the food on the first day back to school this year. “When we came back from the holiday, we found a slogan “Empty Plates” on _______ table in the dining room. It tells us that it’s______ OK to waste. In the past, I ordered three dishes for each meal, but now I only order two. ______ I want to try three, I will ask for a smaller one”. Wang Tong said.
Students at No 44 Middle School of Shijiazhuang, Hebei planted many fruit trees in their school. Through taking care of the trees, the students learned ______to cherish* things.
At Tie Yi Middle School in Xi’an, students organized a group to collect used pen refills* and use them for crafts*. “What we students do are small things, ________I think with everyone’s work, we can make a difference,” said Li Dongdong,, a 16-year-old student at the school.
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小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:C
小题5:A
小题6:A
小题7:B
小题8:B
小题9:A
小题10:A
小题11:D
小题12:D
小题13:D
小题14:A
小题15:B
试题分析：这篇短文讲述的是由于现在独生子女的家庭越来越多，现在的很多学生都不知道珍惜生活中的事物。因此在教育部的号召下，很多中学都在开展提倡节俭，反对浪费的活动。短文中给我们举了一些例子，同时还讲述了学生们在这些活动中的感受。
小题1:考查人称代词及语境的理解。句意：张生玉，一名来自山东莱阳中学的学生，第一次在新学期开始的时候，没有向她的妈妈要新书包和新钢笔。me 我，宾格形式；him 他，宾格形式；her 她，宾格形式；you 你。根据句意可知，这里的her指的是张生玉。根据这句话中的her mother 可知，她是一个女孩，故选C。
小题2:考查动词及语境的理解。句意：张生玉说，我已经决定了，从现在开始要节俭。believe 相信，认为；decide 决定；hope 希望；told 的原形是tell，告诉。根据上句话的意思可知，张生玉在新学期开始的时候，没有向她的妈妈要新的学习用品，所以她决定要节俭。故选B。
小题3:考查名词及语境的理解。句意：作为家庭里的中心，许多独生子女不知道生活的艰难。center中心； action 行动；dream 梦想；corner角落。根据句意可知，在独生子女的家庭里，孩子是家庭里的中心，父母都会围绕孩子转，为他们安排好一切。所以他们不知道生活的艰辛。故选A。
小题4:考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：有时候他们根本不知道东西的价值。any 一些，用在否定句中；some 一些，用在肯定句中；no 没有；an一个。这里是短语have no idea，意思是不知道。根据上文的文意可知，现在的独生子女不知道东西的价值，不知道珍惜。故选C。
小题5:考查动词短语及语境的理解。句意：很多学生会把还没有用完的橡皮和钢笔扔掉，再买新的。throw away 扔掉；take away 带走；put away 放起来，放好；keep away远离…。根据上文的意思可知，很多独生子女不知道东西的价值，所以这里应该是说钢笔和橡皮还没有用完就背扔掉。故选A。
小题6:考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：还有些学生喜欢互相攀比，看谁的衣服和学习用品更贵。more expensive 更贵；cheaper 更便宜；more comfortable 更舒适；more colorful更多姿多彩。根据这里的文意可知，这几句话都是在说现在的独生子女不知道珍惜，浪费，还会互相攀比，所以这里应该是比谁的东西更贵。故选A。
小题7:考查动词及语境的理解。句意：1月20日，教育部在它的网站上展示了一个通知。explain 解释；show 展示；collect 收集；saw的原形是 see，看见。根据句意可知，这里应该是说在网站上展示。故选B。
小题8:考查名词及语境的理解。句意：它号召同学们养成好的习惯，如停止浪费食物。way方式，方法； habit 习惯；hobby 爱好；duty职责，责任。根据句意可知，这里是教育部希望学生们养成好习惯。故乡按B。
小题9:考查名词及语境的理解。句意：很多学校认为，教学生们钱的重要性是重要的一课，鼓励学生们要节俭。lesson 课；order 命令；subject 科目；experience经验，经历。根据文意可知，教育学生们要节俭也是重要的一课。故选A。
小题10:考查介词及语境的理解。句意：今年开学的第一天，温州育才中学的老师们做了一个关于食物的演讲。about 关于；of ……的；to 到……；with和，带有。根据句意可知，这里是说关于食物的演讲。故选A。
小题11:考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：当我们从假期中回来的时候，我们发现在餐厅里的每一个桌子上都有一条标语：吃光盘子里的食物。all 所有的，后面应该跟名词的复数；some 一些，后也跟复数形式；both 两个都，同样跟复数形式；each每一个，后面跟单数形式。根据句意和空后的table可知选D。
小题12:考查副词及语境的理解。句意：这个标语告诉我们浪费是不可以的。always 总是；usual通常的； sometimes 有时候；never 从不。根据句意可知，这个标语告诉我们要吃光盘子里的食物，不能浪费。故选D。
小题13:考查连词及语境的理解。句意：如果我想点三盘的话，我会用小一点的盘子。because 因为；when当……时候； unless 除非；if 如果。根据句意可知，自从餐厅里有了这个标语之后，学生们都开始注意节约食物，不浪费。所以如果吃三盘的话，会用更小一点的盘子。故选D。
小题14:考查疑问词及语境的理解。句意：石家庄44中学在校园里种了很多果树。通过照顾这些果树，学生们学会了怎样珍惜事物。how 怎样；when 什么时候；what 什么；where在哪里。根据句意可知，通过照顾学校里的果树，学生们学会了怎样珍惜东西。故选A。
小题15:考查连词及语境的理解。句意：我们学生们做的都是一些小事，但是我认为如果每个人都尽一份力，我们就会取得成就。and 和，表示并列；but 但是，表示转折；so 因此，所以，表示因果关系；or或者，否则。根据句意可知，这里是转折的关系，故选B。
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