题目内容
Penguins are lovely animals. Most people like them. But now as many as 10 of the 17 kinds of penguins are in danger of disappearing. The number of penguins has decreased by ( 减少了) 30% since 1987.
Penguins are black and white birds that live in the southern part of the world. They are common in the Antarctic Continent (南极大陆) ,New Zealand, Australia and South America. Many live near cold waters (水域). But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly, but they are fine swimmers. The shape of their body helps them to survive. Penguins eat fish and krill (磷虾). They have short wings that help them to dive up to 900 feet to catch larger fish. They can swim 10-15 kilometers an hour which lets them protect themselves. They also have lots of body oil that helps in keeping them dry in the water.
The warming of the earth is the reason for the decrease in the number of penguins. The hotter and hotter air has caused ocean waters to become warmer. Higher water temperature has decreased the fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce. And many adult penguins die of hunger.
Too much fishing, exploration for oil and oil leaks (泄漏) also make penguins be in danger. Poisonous things in ocean waters are another danger. Penguins also have their enemies, including sharks, seals and sea lions.
【小题1】Penguins can do the following except________.
| A．diving | B．flying | C．swimming | D．catching fish |
| A．The warming of the earth. | B．Too much fishing. |
| C．Natural disasters. | D．Poisonous things in ocean waters. |
| A．繁殖 | B．灭绝 | C．迁徙 | D．觅食 |
| A．Fish and krill have decreased. |
| B．Ocean waters are polluted. |
| C．Sharks and seals are the enemies of penguins. |
| D．The decrease in the number of penguins. |
【小题1】B
【小题1】C
【小题1】A
【小题1】D
解析本文讲的是企鹅数量的减少以及减少的原因。
1. B 此题是细节题。从Penguins cannot fly, but they are fine swimmers可知企鹅不能飞，选B。
2. C 此题也是细节题。文章讲了三个企鹅减少的原因，从三、四、五的第一句可知C答案不正确，文章并没有说到的，A,B,C都符合题意。
3. A 此题是考查单词的意思。这里讲的是企鹅减少的第一个原因，水温的升高导致鱼和磷虾的减少，从而导致企鹅不能繁殖，因为缺少食物，故选A。
4. D 这是个对全文的中心思想归纳题，很明显全文讲的是企鹅的减少及减少的原因，选D。
As many as 10 of the 17 kinds of penguins（企鹅）may be in danger of disappearing. The number of penguins have decreased(减少) by 30% since 1987.
Penguins are black and white birds that live in the southern part of the world. They are common in South America，New Zealand，Australia and South Africa. Many live near cold waters. But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly，but they are fine swimmers. Penguins eat fish and krill(磷虾).
The warming of the earth is the decrease in penguin populations. The heating of the air has caused ocean waters to become warmer. Higher water temperatures have reduced the supply of fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce(繁殖). Besides，many adult penguins die of hunger.
Widespread(广泛的) fishing，exploration for oil and oil leaks(漏) also make penguins be in danger. Poisonous organisms(生物) in ocean water are another danger. Penguins also have their enemies，including wild dogs，sharks，seals and sea lions.
News about penguins is not all bad，however. Several years ago，oil leaking from a ship hurt 40% of the penguins in South Africa. The penguins became covered with oil. But thousands of people helped clean and treat the birds well. Then they returned the penguins to the wild. Now these South African penguins are reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking.
【小题1】Penguins ___________.
| A．can swim better than fly | B．can be found near Oceania (大洋洲) |
| C．eat fish only冬腊月 | D．live only in cold waters. |
| A．Oil searching. | B．Widespread fishing. |
| C．Human's killing. | D．Warming of the oceans. |
| A．Because people removed the ship. |
| B．Because people sent a lot of penguins to the wild. |
| C．Because people helped the penguins. |
| D．Because people treated the penguins well. |