Question

 As many as 10 of the 17 kinds of penguins（企鹅）may be in danger of disappearing. The number of penguins have decreased(减少) by 30% since 1987.

　　Penguins are black and white birds that live in the southern part of the world. They are common in South America，New Zealand，Australia and South Africa. Many live near cold waters. But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly，but they are fine swimmers. Penguins eat fish and krill(磷虾).

　　The warming of the earth is the decrease in penguin populations. The heating of the air has caused ocean waters to become warmer. Higher water temperatures have reduced the supply of fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce(繁殖).　 Besides，many adult penguins die of hunger.

　　Widespread(广泛的) fishing，exploration for oil and oil leaks(漏) also make penguins be in danger. Poisonous organisms(生物) in ocean water are another danger. Penguins also have their enemies，including wild dogs，sharks，seals and sea lions.

　　News about penguins is not all bad，however. Several years ago，oil leaking from a ship hurt 40% of the penguins in South Africa. The penguins became covered with oil. But thousands of people helped clean and treat the birds well. Then they returned the penguins to the wild.　 Now these South African penguins are reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking.

1.Penguins ___________.

A．can swim better than fly                  B．can be found near Oceania (大洋洲)

C．eat fish only冬腊月                     D．live only in cold waters.

2.Which of the following is NOT the cause of penguin's decrease in numbers?

A．Oil searching.                          B．Widespread fishing.

C．Human's killing.                         D．Warming of the oceans.

3. Why are the penguins in South Africa reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking?

A．Because people removed the ship.

B．Because people sent a lot of penguins to the wild.

C．Because people helped the penguins.

D．Because people treated the penguins well.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.C

2.A

3.D

【解析】

试题分析：这篇文章讲述了现在有很多的企鹅处于绝迹的危险中，自从1987年企鹅的数量已经减少了30%。

1.细节题。根据第二段Many live near cold waters. But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly，but they are fine swimmers. Penguins eat fish and krill(磷虾).许多企鹅生活在冷水附近，但是也有一些生活在加巴格拉群岛的温暖的水域，它们不能飞，但是游泳非常好，它们吃鱼和磷虾。故选C

2.细节判断题，根据文章第三段第四段Higher water temperatures have reduced the supply of fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce. Widespread fishing，exploration for oil and oil leaks also make penguins be in danger.　可知，海水的升温，人们的滥捕杀戮，石油勘测和石油泄漏是造成企鹅数量减少的原因。可知，B,C,D正确。故选A

3.根据文章最后一段thousands of people helped clean and treat the birds well. Then they returned the penguins to the wild.　 Now these South African penguins are reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking.成千上万的人们帮助清理和非常好地治疗企鹅，然后把它们送回大自然。现在南美企鹅的数量比起石油泄漏之前已经上升到了更高的数量。故选D

考点：科普类说明文

点评：对于科普类文章，初中的文章并不会出现太多的生词，学生在解答时首先可以对整个文章花两分钟时间进行阅读，理解作者大概讲什么，然后结合选项中的答案，可以通过相应题目与原文进行比较，结合排除法就可以很快得出结果。