Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star is a lovely song for children, but it has two misunderstandings (误解). First, stars aren’t little. Some may be Earth-sized, but most are bigger than Jupiter, the largest planet in the solar system (太阳系). Second, they don’t twinkle; they shine. And the brightness and color of the light from each star provide information about its temperature, size and even its age. viewing the stars from Earth is a bit like looking at them through a water filter (过滤器) because the air is thick compared to the emptiness of space. What is more, air is always moving, so starlight appears to be moving, too. The air also makes stars appear dimmer (暗淡的) than they would be if we could see them from space.

If you stop and look at the sky carefully on a dark and moonless night, it’s easy to find color differences among stars. The color of a star is a signal of its surface temperature. The hottest stars are blue, and the next hottest are white. Yellow stars like the sun are next, while red stars are the coolest of the visible (可见的) stars. Many red stars are so dim that people can’t see them at all, and some stars hardly send out any light at all. One reason that stars different in brightness is that hotter stars produce more energy than cooler ones, but another important reason is that some are much bigger than others.

Some stars appear brighter to humans simply because they’re closer. Astronomers rank (排列) the brightness of stars which are seen from Earth by giving them a name known as magnitude (光度) ---the smaller the magnitude, the brighter the object. They have also designed a number that ranks stars according to how bright they are when compared to each other. With a magnitude of minus 26.7, the sun is the brightest object in the sky.

1.From the song quite familiar to children, the writer wants to prove that .

A.most stars are smaller than Jupiter

B.Jupiter is bigger and brighter than Earth

C.stars are very large and always shine brightly

D.starlight’s brightness and color are the signs of its temperature

2.Magnitude is designed to see .

A.how far a star is from Earth

B.how bright a star is compared to other stars

C.how far a star is from other stars

D.how bright a star is seen from Earth

3.Which is the best title of this passage?

A.What do stars look like?

B.Which song do children like best?

C.How to view the stars from Earth?

D.Why are many stars so dim at night?

A man goes to apply for a job with Microsoft as a cleaner.

He was tested by the manager there on sweeping and cleaning. After the ______ , the manager says, "You will get the job, $5.5 an hour. Let me have your ______ address, so that I can send you a form to complete and tell you where to report for work on your first day." However, the man says he has neither a computer nor an e-mail address. To this the MS manager replies, "Well, then, that means you can ______ expect to get the job."

Not knowing where to turn and having only $10 in his ______ , he decides to buy 8.5 kilos of tomatoes at the supermarket. Within less than2 hours, he sells all the tomatoes at 100% profit (利润). ______ the process several times more that day, he ends up with almost $100 before going to sleep that night. And he realized that he could quite easily make a living ______ selling tomatoes.

Getting up early every day and going to bed ______ , his profits increases quickly. By the end of the second year, he is the ______ of a group of pick-up trucks and manages a staff of a hundred people, all selling tomatoes.

Planning for the ______ of his wife and children, he decides to buy some life insurance (保险). Talking with an insurance adviser, he picks an insurance plan to ______ his new conditions. At the end of the telephone conversation, the adviser asks him for his e-mail address in order to send the ______ documents electronically.

When the man replies that he has no e-mail, the adviser ______ loudly, "What? You don't have an e-mail? How have you had such wealth ______ the Internet, e-mail and e-commerce (电子商务)? Just imagine where you would be now, ______ you had been connected to the internet from the very start!"

After a moment of thought, the tomato millionaire replied, "Why, of course! I would be a floor ______ at Microsoft."

1.A.test B.party C.report D.Rest

2.A.home B.school C.e-mail D.Internet

3.A.clearly B.quickly C.easily D.hardly

4.A.study B.wallet C.mind D.office

5.A.Repeating B.Starting C.Guiding D.Controlling

6.A.for B.by C.at D.in

7.A.early B.late C.fast D.slowly

8.A.driver B.inventor C.maker D.owner

9.A.travel B.health C.future D.past

10.A.change B.improve C.fit D.create

11.A.final B.first C.public D.private

12.A.laughs B.sings C.talks D.shouts

13.A.among B.through C.without D.with

14.A.so B.if C.unless D.But

15.A.seller B.manager C.designer D.cleaner

阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容回答问题。

The idea that red means stop and green means go has influenced our lives in more ways than just traffic signals (信号). We have been taught from a young age that the color red means danger and green means it’s okay to move forward. But why were those colors chosen for traffic lights in the first place? For something we have to look at every day, why couldn’t they have been prettier colors?

Well, it’s important to know that before traffic lights for cars, there were traffic signals for trains. At first, railway companies used red to mean stop, white to mean go, and green to mean warn. As you could imagine, trains ran into a few problems with white meaning go. For example, one train mistook a bright star for a white light and something unexpected happened. Because of that, railway companies finally moved green meaning go and used yellow to mean warn. And it’s been that way ever since.

Red has always been a color that mean danger, long before cars were even around. This most likely started because it’s the color with the longest wavelength (波长) so it can be seen somewhere farther than other colors.

But, believe it or not, yellow was once used to mean stop. Back in the 1900s, some stop signs were yellow because it was too hard to see a red sign in a poorly lit area. Finally, highly reflective materials (高反射材料) were developed and red stop signs were born. Since yellow can be seen well at all times of the day, school zones, some traffic signs, and school buses continue to be printed yellow.

So next time you are impatiently waiting at a traffic light, don’t get so mad at them, they’ve certainly come a long way.

Answer the following question with no more than 8 words.

1.How many colours have been used for traffic signals since the very beginning?

2.What did one train mistake for a white light?

3.Did the colour yellow mean go at first?

4.Why does red mean danger?

5.When were stop signs yellow?

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