题目内容
We like to believe that before we make a decision, most of the time, we take time to consider all the facts carefully. However, Experts believe that only 5% of our decisions are based on a rational （理性的）thought process. So, what influences our decision-making process?
We often leave decision-making to our instincts（本能）.Scientists have found out that if we had the choice, we like to avoid pain rather than get something. In fact, we're twice as happy when we try to avoid a bad situation than when we experience a good one. This is why when companies send ads, they use phrases like "How to avoid...", "Don't miss out!", etc.
There are also physical reasons that affect our decision-making. Psychologist （心理学家）John Bargh carried on an experiment where people were asked what they thought of a fictional person, while holding a cold or a hot cup of coffee. Those holding the hot cup believed the person to be warmer and more sociable than those holding the cold cup. So, when temperatures rise, the more likely we are to believe in strangers.
Stress is another thing which affects our decisions. Different situations are more or less stressful for different people. Researchers have found, though, that women are more conservative （保守的）about decisions when stressed, while men are to make riskier choices.
It may come as a surprise but every day from the minute we get up, we have to make countless decisions, like what to wear, what coffee to have and so on. Each choice makes our brain a little bit more tired, and this affects our decision-making. That's why important people, like presidents wearing the same three suits all the time, want to limit the small choices and spend more brain power （力量）on the bigger ones.
1.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
A.
B.
C.
D.
2.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A.Every day we have to make lots of big decisions.
B.People sometimes judge a person by what he wears.
C.What people wear influences their decision making.
D.Making fewer decisions helps to save brain power.
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A.We make most of the decisions after our careful thinking.
B.People are likely to be happier to avoid something bad.
C.As the temperature is low, we are likely to believe others
D.People usually have risky decisions under heavy pressure.
4.The purpose of the passage is to__________.
A.tell us what influences decision-making B.advise people to make rational decisions
C.warn people not to make risky decisions D.show disadvantages of rational decisions
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在空格里填入一个恰当的单词(每空只填一个单词)。
Sue and Jim were neighbours for five years but they were never interested in each other. Then one day, Sue saw Jim’s music collection. She noticed a rare punk rock CD that she also owned. At that moment, she realized that they both had the same interest in music and they started talking. Sue said, “I thought we had nothing in common until I saw his CD by the New York Dolls.” They are now married and living with each other.
Some psychologists (心理学家) think that your taste in music is related to (有联系的) your personality. As part of a test at the University of Texas, Austin, USA, volunteers created a CD of their favourite songs. The volunteers then listened to each other’s CDs and made guesses about the CD creator’s personality—outgoing, adventurous, happy, and so on. These strangers correctly guessed much more about each other’s personalities through their CDs than through their clothes or taste in films. For example, Sue and Jim love punk music, which means they have outgoing personalities.
The psychologists who did the test found Snoop Dogg (hip-hop) fans are likely to be energetic and talkative. People who like U2 (rock/pop music) are generally independent and adventurous.
The psychologists also found that Louis Armstrong(jazz) fans tend to(倾向于) be shy. The psychologists were surprised to find that rap and heavy metal fans were also shier and quieter than many other music lovers.
Title: Music and1. | |
An opinion | *Your2.in music is related to your personality. |
Findings | *One’s clothes or taste in films is3.important than his/herCDs in a test of guessing about one’s personality. *It is likely that hip-hop fans are energetic and talkative. *People who like rock or pop music are usually independent and adventurous. *Jazz fans tend to be serious and intelligent. *It’s surprising that rap and heavy metal fans are shier and quieter than many other music lovers. |
An 4. | * Through Sue and Jim were neighbours for five years, they were never interested in each other. *After Sue noticed they both had rare punk rock CDs, she found they had5.in common. *They are now married and living with each other. |
