ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
½ÚÄÜÊÇÆû³µÐÔÄܵÄÒ»¸öÖØÒªÖ¸±ê£¬µ«Í¬Ò»Á¾Æû³µÃ¿°Ù¹«ÀïµÄºÄÓÍÁ¿ÓëÐÐÊ»ËٶȵĿìÂýÊÇ·ñÏà¹ØÄØ£¿ÎåÒ»½ÚÆڼ䣬СÃ÷³Ë×ø°Ö°ÖµÄÆû³µÓÉ´ïÖÝÈ¥³É¶¼£¬ÓÚÊÇËû¾ö¶¨½è´Ë»ú»á¶ÔÕâÒ»ÎÊÌâ½øÐÐ̽¾¿£®ËûÃÇȥʱ×߸ßËÙ¹«Â·£¬»ØÀ´Ê±×ß318¹úµÀ£¬µÃµ½ÁËϱíËùʾµÄÊý¾Ý£®
£¨1£©·ÖÎöÊý¾Ýºó£¬Ð¡Ã÷¾õµÃÕâÓëËûÊÂÏȵIJÂÏëÎǺϣ®ÄãÈÏΪСÃ÷µÄ²ÂÏëÓ¦¸ÃÊÇ£º
£¨2£©ÈôÆû³µÔÚ¸ßËÙ¹«Â·ÉÏÔÈËÙÐÐÊ»180km£¬Çó£º
¢ÙÆû³µÐÐÊ»µÄʱ¼äΪ¶àÉÙ£¿
¢ÚÈô¸ÃÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úµÄ¹¦ÂÊΪ60kW£¬ÔòÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úËù×öµÄ¹¦Îª¶àÉÙ£¿
¢ÛÈôÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úµÄЧÂÊΪ30%£¬ÔòÆû³µÊܵ½µÄ×èÁ¦Îª¶àÉÙ£¿
Ä¿µÄµØ ÏîÄ¿ |
È¥³É¶¼ | »Ø´ïÖÝ |
ƽ¾ùËٶȣ¨km/h£© | 90 | 50 |
Àï³Ì£¨km£© | 415 | 380 |
ºÄÓÍÁ¿£¨L£© | 31 | 38 |
ͬһÆû³µ£¬Ô˶¯ËÙ¶ÈÔ½¿ì£¬ºÄÓÍÔ½ÉÙ
ͬһÆû³µ£¬Ô˶¯ËÙ¶ÈÔ½¿ì£¬ºÄÓÍÔ½ÉÙ
£®£¨2£©ÈôÆû³µÔÚ¸ßËÙ¹«Â·ÉÏÔÈËÙÐÐÊ»180km£¬Çó£º
¢ÙÆû³µÐÐÊ»µÄʱ¼äΪ¶àÉÙ£¿
¢ÚÈô¸ÃÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úµÄ¹¦ÂÊΪ60kW£¬ÔòÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úËù×öµÄ¹¦Îª¶àÉÙ£¿
¢ÛÈôÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úµÄЧÂÊΪ30%£¬ÔòÆû³µÊܵ½µÄ×èÁ¦Îª¶àÉÙ£¿
·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©Çó³öÆû³µÔÚ²»Í¬ËÙ¶ÈÏÂ1kmºÄÓÍÁ¿½øÐбȽϣ®
£¨2£©¢ÙÖªµÀ·³ÌºÍËÙ¶ÈÇó³öʱ¼ä£®
¢ÚÖªµÀ¹¦ÂʺÍʱ¼äÇó³ö·¢¶¯»ú×ö¹¦¶àÉÙ£®
¢ÛÖªµÀ·¢¶¯»úЧÂʺͷ¢¶¯»ú×öµÄ×ܹ¦£¬Çó³öÓÐÓù¦£¬Çó³öÇ£ÒýÁ¦£¬¸ù¾Ý¶þÁ¦Æ½ºâÌõ¼þÇó³ö×èÁ¦£®
£¨2£©¢ÙÖªµÀ·³ÌºÍËÙ¶ÈÇó³öʱ¼ä£®
¢ÚÖªµÀ¹¦ÂʺÍʱ¼äÇó³ö·¢¶¯»ú×ö¹¦¶àÉÙ£®
¢ÛÖªµÀ·¢¶¯»úЧÂʺͷ¢¶¯»ú×öµÄ×ܹ¦£¬Çó³öÓÐÓù¦£¬Çó³öÇ£ÒýÁ¦£¬¸ù¾Ý¶þÁ¦Æ½ºâÌõ¼þÇó³ö×èÁ¦£®
½â´ð£º½â£º£¨1£©Æû³µ90km/hʱ1kmµÄºÄÓÍÁ¿£º
¡Ö0.07L/km£¬
Æû³µ50km/hʱ1kmµÄºÄÓÍÁ¿£º
=0.1L/km£¬
ÒòΪ0.07L/km£¼0.1L/km£¬ËùÒÔÆû³µÔÚ90km/h±È50km/hʱʡÓÍ£¬ËùÒÔСÃ÷µÄ²ÂÏëÊÇ£ºÍ¬Ò»Æû³µ£¬Ô˶¯ËÙ¶ÈÔ½¿ì£¬ºÄÓÍÔ½ÉÙ£®
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÍ¬Ò»Æû³µ£¬Ô˶¯ËÙ¶ÈÔ½¿ì£¬ºÄÓÍÔ½ÉÙ£®
£¨2£©È¥³É¶¼Ê±×߸ßËÙ£¬Æû³µËÙ¶ÈÊÇ90km/h£®
¢Ùt=
=
=2h=7200s£®
¢ÚP=60kW=60000W£¬
W×Ü=Pt=60000W¡Á7200s=4.32¡Á108J£®
¢ÛÒòΪ¦Ç=
£¬ËùÒÔ£¬WÓÐ=¦ÇW×Ü=30%¡Á4.32¡Á108J=1.296¡Á108J£¬
s=180km=180000m£¬
Ç£ÒýÁ¦£ºF=
=
=720N£¬
Æû³µ½øÐÐÔÈËÙÖ±ÏßÔ˶¯£¬Æû³µÊܵ½µÄ×èÁ¦f=F=720N£®
´ð£º¢ÙÆû³µÐÐÊ»µÄʱ¼ä7200s£®
¢ÚÈô¸ÃÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úµÄ¹¦ÂÊΪ60kw£¬ÔòÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úËù×öµÄ¹¦Îª1.29¡Á108J£®
¢ÛÈôÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úµÄЧÂÊΪ30%£¬ÔòÆû³µÊܵ½µÄ×èÁ¦720N£®
30L |
415km |
Æû³µ50km/hʱ1kmµÄºÄÓÍÁ¿£º
38L |
380km |
ÒòΪ0.07L/km£¼0.1L/km£¬ËùÒÔÆû³µÔÚ90km/h±È50km/hʱʡÓÍ£¬ËùÒÔСÃ÷µÄ²ÂÏëÊÇ£ºÍ¬Ò»Æû³µ£¬Ô˶¯ËÙ¶ÈÔ½¿ì£¬ºÄÓÍÔ½ÉÙ£®
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÍ¬Ò»Æû³µ£¬Ô˶¯ËÙ¶ÈÔ½¿ì£¬ºÄÓÍÔ½ÉÙ£®
£¨2£©È¥³É¶¼Ê±×߸ßËÙ£¬Æû³µËÙ¶ÈÊÇ90km/h£®
¢Ùt=
s |
v |
180km |
90km/h |
¢ÚP=60kW=60000W£¬
W×Ü=Pt=60000W¡Á7200s=4.32¡Á108J£®
¢ÛÒòΪ¦Ç=
WÓÐ |
W×Ü |
s=180km=180000m£¬
Ç£ÒýÁ¦£ºF=
WÓÐ |
s |
1.296¡Á108J |
180000m |
Æû³µ½øÐÐÔÈËÙÖ±ÏßÔ˶¯£¬Æû³µÊܵ½µÄ×èÁ¦f=F=720N£®
´ð£º¢ÙÆû³µÐÐÊ»µÄʱ¼ä7200s£®
¢ÚÈô¸ÃÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úµÄ¹¦ÂÊΪ60kw£¬ÔòÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úËù×öµÄ¹¦Îª1.29¡Á108J£®
¢ÛÈôÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úµÄЧÂÊΪ30%£¬ÔòÆû³µÊܵ½µÄ×èÁ¦720N£®
µãÆÀ£º£¨1£©±¾Ìâͨ¹ý¸ø³öµÄÊý¾Ý·ÖÎöËٶȺͺÄÓÍÁ¿µÄ¹Øϵ£¬ÌåÏÖÁËÎïÀíºÍÉú»îµÄÃÜÇйØϵ£®
£¨2£©±¾ÌâÊÇͨ¹ýÆû³µÕâ¸ö³£Óý»Í¨¹¤¾ß£¬¿¼²éÁËËٶȡ¢×ö¹¦¡¢¹¦ÂÊ¡¢»úеЧÂÊ¡¢¶þÁ¦Æ½ºâµÈ֪ʶµã£¬×ÛºÏÐÔºÜÇ¿£¬ÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄÄѶȣ®
£¨2£©±¾ÌâÊÇͨ¹ýÆû³µÕâ¸ö³£Óý»Í¨¹¤¾ß£¬¿¼²éÁËËٶȡ¢×ö¹¦¡¢¹¦ÂÊ¡¢»úеЧÂÊ¡¢¶þÁ¦Æ½ºâµÈ֪ʶµã£¬×ÛºÏÐÔºÜÇ¿£¬ÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄÄѶȣ®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿
½ÚÄÜÊÇÆû³µÐÔÄܵÄÒ»¸öÖØÒªÖ¸±ê£®µ«Í¬Ò»Á¾Æû³µÐÐÊ»ÏàͬµÄ·³Ìʱ£¬ËùÏûºÄµÄÆûÓÍÓëÐÐÊ»ËٶȵĿìÂýÊÇ·ñÓйØÄØ£¿ÐÇÆÚÌ죬СÃ÷³Ë×øÊåÊåµÄÆû³µ´ÓƾÏéÈ¥ÄÏÄþ£¬ÓÚÊÇËû¾ö¶¨½è´Ë»ú»á¶ÔÕâÒ»ÎÊÌâ½øÐÐ̽¾¿£®ËûÃÇȥʱ×ßÄÏÓѸßËÙ¹«Â·£¬»ØÀ´Ê±×ß322¹úµÀ£¬µÃµ½ÁËϱíËùʾµÄÊý¾Ý£®
£¨1£©·ÖÎöÊý¾Ýºó£®Ð¡Ã÷¾õµÃÕâÓëËûÊÂÏȵIJÂÏëÏàÎǺϣ®ÄãÈÏΪСÃ÷µÄ²Â²âÓ¦¸ÃÊÇʲô£¿
£¨2£©ÇëÄãËã³öÆû³µÔÚÄÏÓѸßËÙ¹«Â·ÉÏÐÐÊ»180kmÏûºÄµÄÆûÓÍÖÊÁ¿ÊǶàÉÙkg£¿£¨¦ÑÆûÓÍ=0.8kg/L£©
£¨3£©ÈôÆû³µÔÚÄÏÓѸßËÙ¹«Â·ÉÏÐÐʻʱ·¢¶¯»úµÄ¹¦ÂÊΪ60kW£¬ÄÇôÆû³µÐÐÊ»180km£®·¢¶¯»ú×öµÄ¹¦ÊǶàÉÙJ£¿
È¥ÄÏÄþ | »ØƾÏé | |
ƽ¾ùËٶȣ¨km/h£© | 108 | 60 |
Àï³Ì£¨km£© | 180 | 180 |
ºÄÓÍÁ¿£¨L£© | 16 | 20 |
£¨2£©ÇëÄãËã³öÆû³µÔÚÄÏÓѸßËÙ¹«Â·ÉÏÐÐÊ»180kmÏûºÄµÄÆûÓÍÖÊÁ¿ÊǶàÉÙkg£¿£¨¦ÑÆûÓÍ=0.8kg/L£©
£¨3£©ÈôÆû³µÔÚÄÏÓѸßËÙ¹«Â·ÉÏÐÐʻʱ·¢¶¯»úµÄ¹¦ÂÊΪ60kW£¬ÄÇôÆû³µÐÐÊ»180km£®·¢¶¯»ú×öµÄ¹¦ÊǶàÉÙJ£¿
½ÚÄÜÊÇÆû³µÐÔÄܵÄÒ»¸öÖØÒªÖ¸±ê£¬µ«Í¬Ò»Á¾Æû³µÃ¿°Ù¹«ÀïµÄºÄÓÍÁ¿ÓëÐÐÊ»ËٶȵĿìÂýÊÇ·ñÓйØÄØ£¿¶ËÎç½ÚÆڼ䣬СÃ÷³Ë×ø°Ö°ÖµÄÆû³µÓÉ´ïÖÝÈ¥³É¶¼£¬ÓÚÊÇËû¾ö¶¨½è´Ë»ú»á¶ÔÕâÒ»ÎÊÌâ½øÐÐ̽¾¿£®ËûÃÇȥʱ×߸ßËÙ¹«Â·£¬»ØÀ´Ê±×ß318¹úµÀ£¬µÃµ½ÁËϱíËùʾµÄÊý¾Ý£®
£¨1£©·ÖÎöÊý¾Ýºó£¬Ð¡Ã÷¾õµÃÕâÓëËûÊÂÏȵIJÂÏëÏàÎǺϣ®ÄãÈÏΪСÃ÷µÄ²ÂÏëÓ¦¸ÃÊÇ£º £®
£¨2£©ÈôÆû³µÔÚ¸ßËÙ¹«Â·ÉÏÐÐÊ»180km£¬Çó£º
¢ÙÆû³µÐÐÊ»µÄʱ¼äΪ¶àÉÙ£¿
¢ÚÈô¸ÃÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úµÄ¹¦ÂÊΪ60kW£¬Ð§ÂÊΪ30%£¬ÔòÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úËù×öµÄÓÐÓù¦Îª¶àÉÙ£¿
Ä¿µÄµØÏîÄ¿ | È¥³É¶¼ | »Ø´ïÖÝ |
ƽ¾ùËÙ¶Èkm/h | 90 | 50 |
Àï³Ì£¨km£© | 415 | 380 |
ºÄÓÍÁ¿£¨L£© | 31 | 38 |
£¨2£©ÈôÆû³µÔÚ¸ßËÙ¹«Â·ÉÏÐÐÊ»180km£¬Çó£º
¢ÙÆû³µÐÐÊ»µÄʱ¼äΪ¶àÉÙ£¿
¢ÚÈô¸ÃÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úµÄ¹¦ÂÊΪ60kW£¬Ð§ÂÊΪ30%£¬ÔòÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úËù×öµÄÓÐÓù¦Îª¶àÉÙ£¿