ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿ÕäÖé·ÛÊÇÓÉÕäÖé¾¼Ó¹¤ÖƳɵİ×É«·ÛÄ©£¬º¬ÓÐ̼Ëá¸Æ¡¢µ°°×Öʵȳɷ֣¬ÊÇÖØÒªµÄÒ©Æ·¡¢»¯×±Æ·ÔÁÏ£®µ«Êг¡ÉϳöÏֵļÙÕäÖé·ÛÍâ¹ÛÉÏÓëÕæÕäÖé·Û²î²»¶à£¬ÈâÑÛÍùÍùÎÞ·¨±æ±ðËüÃÇ£®
£¨1£©ÎªÁËÑ°ÕÒÇø·ÖÕæ¼ÙÕäÖé·ÛµÄ·½·¨£¬¿ÆѧÐËȤС×éµÄͬѧ½øÐÐÁËÈçͼ1ʵÑ飺
ʵÑéÒ»£º·Ö±ðÈ¡Õæ¼ÙÕäÖé·ÛÊÊÁ¿ÖÃÓÚÁ½Ö§ÊÔ¹ÜÖУ¬¼ÓÒ»¶¨Á¿µÄÏ¡ÑÎËá²¢½«²úÉúµÄÆøÌåͨÈë³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®ÖУ¬·¢ÏÖ³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®¾ù±ä»ë×Ç£¬Ð´³öʯ»ÒË®±ä»ë×ǵĻ¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ £®ËµÃ÷Õæ¼ÙÕäÖé·Û¾ùº¬ÓÐ £®
ʵÑé¶þ£º·Ö±ðÈ¡Õæ¼ÙÕäÖé·ÛÉÙÁ¿ÖÃÓÚÌúƬÉÏ×ÆÉÕ£¬·¢ÏÖÕæÕäÖé·ÛÄÜÎŵ½ÉÕ½¹ÓðëÆøζ£»¼ÙÕäÖé·ÛδÎŵ½ÉÕ½¹ÓðëÆø棬Óɴ˿ɵóö½áÂÛ£º¼ÙÕäÖé·ÛÖв»º¬ £®
£¨2£©ÎªÁ˱ȽÏÕæ¼ÙÕäÖé·ÛÖÐ̼Ëá¸ÆµÄº¬Á¿£¬¹²½øÐÐÁËÈý´ÎʵÑ飬ÿ´Î¸÷È¡5gÕæ¼ÙÕäÖé·Û£¬·Ö±ðÖÃÓÚÈçͼ2ʵÑé×°ÖÃÖÐ(Ï¡ÑÎËá×ãÁ¿ÇÒÕæ¼ÙÕäÖé·ÛÖÐÖ»ÓÐ̼Ëá¸ÆÓëÏ¡ÑÎËá»á·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÆøÌå)£¬²â¶¨Éú³ÉÆøÌåÌå»ýÊý¾ÝÈçÏÂ±í£º
´ÎÊý ÑùÆ· ÆøÌåÌå»ýml | µÚÒ»´Î | µÚ¶þ´Î | µÚÈý´Î |
¼ÙÕäÖé·Û | 117.50 | 117.28 | 117.05 |
ÕæÕäÖé·Û | 111.52 | 111.66 | 111.86 |
¢Ùͼ2×°ÖÃÆøÃÜÐԵļì²é·½·¨ÊÇ________£¬Á¿Æø¹ÜÖÐË®ÃæÉÏ·½¼ÓÒ»²ãÖ²ÎïÓ͵ÄÄ¿µÄÊÇ £¬ÓÉʵÑéÊý¾Ý¿ÉÖª£ºÕæÕäÖé·ÛÖÐ̼Ëá¸ÆµÄº¬Á¿ ¼ÙÕäÖé·Û(Ìî¡°£¾¡±¡¢¡°£¼¡±¡¢¡°=¡±)£®
¢Ú¸ù¾ÝÈý´Î²âÁ¿½á¹û£¬È¡Æ½¾ùÖµ£¬ËãµÃ5gÕæÕäÖé·ÛÉú³ÉµÄÆøÌåÖÊÁ¿Îª0.22g£¬Çó£ºÕæÕäÖé·ÛÑùÆ·ÖÐCaCO3µÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£®(д³ö¼ÆËã¹ý³Ì)
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿£¨1£©CO2+Ca(OH)2==CaCO3¡ý+H2O CaCO3 µ°°×ÖÊ£¨2£©¢Ù½«Í¼Öеij¤¾±Â©¶·ÏòÏÂÒƶ¯£¬Ôì³ÉºÍÊÔ¹ÜÄÚµÄË®Öù²î£¬Èç¹ûË®ÖùµÄ¸ß¶È²»±ä£¬ËµÃ÷ÆøÃÜÐÔÁ¼ºÃ ·ÀÖ¹CO2ÈÜÓÚË® £¼ ¢Ú10%
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£ºÊ¯»ÒË®±ä»ë×ǵĻ¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽCO2+Ca(OH)2==CaCO3¡ý+H2O£®ËµÃ÷Õæ¼ÙÕäÖé·Û¾ùº¬ÓÐCaCO3£¬·¢ÏÖÕæÕäÖé·ÛÄÜÎŵ½ÉÕ½¹ÓðëÆøζ£»¼ÙÕäÖé·ÛδÎŵ½ÉÕ½¹ÓðëÆø棬Óɴ˿ɵóö½áÂÛ£º¼ÙÕäÖé·ÛÖв»º¬µ°°×ÖÊ£»Í¼2×°ÖÃÆøÃÜÐԵļì²é·½·¨Êǽ«Í¼Öеij¤¾±Â©¶·ÏòÏÂÒƶ¯£¬Ôì³ÉºÍÊÔ¹ÜÄÚµÄË®Öù²î£¬Èç¹ûË®ÖùµÄ¸ß¶È²»±ä£¬ËµÃ÷ÆøÃÜÐÔÁ¼ºÃ£¬Á¿Æø¹ÜÖÐË®ÃæÉÏ·½¼ÓÒ»²ãÖ²ÎïÓ͵ÄÄ¿µÄÊÇ·ÀÖ¹CO2ÈÜÓÚË®£¬ÓÉʵÑéÊý¾Ý¿ÉÖª£ºÕæÕäÖé·ÛÖÐ̼Ëá¸ÆµÄº¬Á¿Ð¡ÓÚ¼ÙÕäÖé·Û£¬ÉèÐèÒªµÄ̼Ëá¸ÆµÄÖÊÁ¿ÎªX£¬
CaCO3 + 2HCl==CaCl2 + CO2¡ü + H2O
100 44
X 0.22¿Ë
ÁбÈÀýʽµÃ£º100£ºX=44£º:0.22¿Ë ½âµÃX=0.5¿Ë
ËùÒÔÕæÕäÖé·ÛÑùÆ·ÖÐCaCO3µÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý=0.5¿Ë£¯5¿Ë¡Á100%=10%£®
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿ÊµÑéÊÒÓÐһƿ±£¹Ü²»µ±µÄÊÔ¼Á£¨Èçͼ£©£¬Æä²ÐȱµÄ±êÇ©ÖÐֻʣÏ¡°Na¡±ºÍ¡°10%¡±×ÖÑù¡£ÒÑÖªËüÊÇÎÞÉ«ÒºÌ壬ÊdzõÖл¯Ñ§³£ÓõÄÊÔ¼Á¡£Ð¡Ç¿ºÍС»ªÍ¬Ñ§ºÜ¸ÐÐËȤ£¬¾ö¶¨¶ÔÆä³É·Ö½øÐÐ̽¾¿£º
¡¾Ìá³öÎÊÌâ¡¿ÕâÆ¿ÊÔ¼Á¿ÉÄÜÊÇʲôÈÜÒºÄØ£¿
¡¾²éÔÄ×ÊÁÏ¡¿
¢ñ£®³õÖл¯Ñ§³£¼ûµÄº¬ÄÆ»¯ºÏÎïÓÐNaCl¡¢NaOH¡¢Na2CO3¡¢NaHCO3¡£
¢ò£®Na2CO3¡¢NaHCO3ÈÜÒº¶¼³Ê¼îÐÔ£®
¢ó£®ÊÒΣ¨20¡æ£©Ê±£¬ËÄÖÖÎïÖʵÄÈܽâ¶ÈµÄÊý¾ÝÈçÏ£º
ÎïÖÊ | NaCl | NaOH | Na2CO3 | NaHCO3 |
Èܽâ¶Èg | 36 | 109 | 215 | 9£®6 |
¡¾µÃ³ö½áÂÛ¡¿Ð¡»ª¸ù¾ÝÊÔ¼ÁÆ¿±ê×¢µÄÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý10%ºÍÉϱíÖеÄÈܽâ¶ÈµÄÊý¾ÝÅжϣ¬ÕâÆ¿ÊÔ¼Á²»¿ÉÄÜÊÇ ¡£
¡¾×÷³ö²ÂÏë¡¿¢Ù¿ÉÄÜÊÇNaOHÈÜÒº£»¢Ú¿ÉÄÜÊÇNa2CO3ÈÜÒº£»¢Û¿ÉÄÜÊÇNaCl¡£
¡¾Éè¼Æ²¢ÊµÑé¡¿
£¨1£©Ð¡Ç¿ÓýྻµÄ²£Á§°ôպȡ¸ÃÈÜÒºµÎÔÚpHÊÔÖ½ÉÏ£¬²âµÃPH£¾7£¬Ôò²ÂÏë ´íÎó¡£
£¨2£©Ð¡Ç¿ÎªÁËÈ·¶¨¸ÃÈÜÒºµÄ³É·Ý£¬ËûÓÖ½øÐÐÁËÈçÏÂʵÑ飺
²Ù×÷²½Öè | ʵÑéÏÖÏó | ½áÂÛ¼°»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ |
È¡ÑùÓÚÊÔ¹ÜÖУ¬µÎ¼Ó×ãÁ¿µÄ £¨ÌîÊÔ¼ÁµÄÃû³Æ£© | ²úÉú´óÁ¿µÄÆøÅÝ | ²ÂÏë¢ÚÕýÈ· |
ÀÏʦָ³ö¸Ã½áÂÛ²»ÑÏÃÜ¡£ÀíÓÉÊÇÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÔÚ¿ÕÆøÖг¨¿Ú·ÅÖûᷢÉú±äÖÊ£¬±äÖʺóÒ²ÄܲúÉúÉÏÊöÏÖÏó¡£Çëд³öÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÔÚ¿ÕÆøÖбäÖʵĻ¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ ¡£
¡¾¼ÌÐø̽¾¿¡¿ÁíÈ¡Ñù¼ÓÈë¹ýÁ¿µÄCaCl2ÈÜÒº£¬¹Û²ìµ½ÓÐ ²úÉú£¬Éè¼ÆÕâÒ»²½ÖèµÄÄ¿µÄÊÇ £»¾²Öúó£¬È¡ÉϲãÇåÒº£¬µÎÈëÎÞÉ«·Ó̪ÊÔÒº£¬ÈÜÒº³ÊºìÉ«¡£
¡¾ÊµÑé½áÂÛ¡¿ÕâÆ¿ÈÜÒºÔÀ´ÊÇ ¡£
¡¾Ì½¾¿Æôʾ¡¿×öʵÑéʱȡÍêÒ©Æ·ºóÓ¦ ¡£
£¨3£©Ì½¾¿ÕâÆ¿NaOHÈÜÒºµÄ±äÖʳ̶È
¡¾Ñо¿·½°¸¡¿È¡10gÔÈÜÒº£¬ÏòÆäÖÐÖðµÎ¼ÓÈëÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ7.3%µÄÏ¡ÑÎËᣬ¸ù¾ÝÉú³ÉCO2µÄÖÊÁ¿²â¶¨Na2CO3µÄÖÊÁ¿£¬´Ó¶ø½øÒ»²½È·¶¨ÑùÆ·ÖÐNaOHµÄ±äÖʳ̶ȡ£
¡¾½â¾öÎÊÌ⡿ʵÑé²âµÃ¼ÓÈëÏ¡ÑÎËáÓë²úÉúCO2ÆøÌåµÄÖÊÁ¿¹ØϵÈçÏÂͼËùʾ¡£
Çë»Ø´ð£º¢ÙAµãÈÜÒºÖÐËùº¬µÄÈÜÖÊ £¨Ìѧʽ£©¡£
¢Ú10gÔÈÜÒºÖк¬Ì¼ËáÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿ ¡££¨Ð´³ö¼ÆËã¹ý³Ì£¬´ËÌâ2·Ö£©
¢Û10gÔÈÜÒºÖÐδ±äÖʵÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿ ¡££¨²»ÐèҪд³ö¼ÆËã¹ý³Ì£©