题目内容

【题目】小华认识了来自非洲的黑人朋友拉比，拉比介绍了许多家乡的情况，据此完成下面小题。

【1】下列描述，符合拉比家乡所在大洲情况的是（　　）

A. 大多位于温带B. 热带草原气候分布面积广

C. 以黑种人为主，人口自然增长率低D. 经济发达

【2】非洲经济落后的历史根源是（　　）

A. 人口增长过快B. 自然资源贫乏

C. 长期遭受殖民统治D. 自然条件恶劣

【3】撒哈拉以南的非洲最迫切解决的问题是（　　）

A. 人口B. 粮食

C. 环境D. 教育

【4】撒哈拉以南的非洲矿产资源丰富，其中储量和产量居世界第一位的是（　　）

A. 铜和石油B. 铝土和铁矿

C. 金刚石和铜D. 黄金和金刚石

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】A

【4】D

【解析】

根据非洲地跨赤道南北，它东濒印度洋，西临大西洋，北隔地中海及直布罗陀海峡与欧洲相望，东北与亚洲之间隔着狭长的红海，并以苏伊士运河为陆上分界。非洲是世界古人类和古文明的发祥地之一，拥有悠久的历史和灿烂的文化，进行分析解答。

【1】非洲3/4的面积在南、北回归线之间的热带，绝大部分地区年平均气温在20℃以上，气候普遍暖热，因而被称为“热带大陆”，故A叙述错误；

非洲分布最广的气候类型是热带草原气候，故B叙述正确；

非洲以黑种人为主，人口自然增长率高，故C叙述错误；

非洲经济较落后，故D叙述错误。

故选：B。

【2】非洲经济落后的历史根源是长期遭受殖民统治。故选：C。

【3】撒哈拉以南的非洲多数国家，长期受殖民统治经济模式单一，经济发展落后；非洲是人口自然增长率最高的一洲，人口的快速增长造成了粮食的极度短缺，为了满足粮食需要，不断的破坏生存的环境，现阶段人口、粮食、环境是非洲面临的巨大问题；现阶段，非洲面临的主要任务是：控制人口增长；保护自然环境，提高农牧业生产水平；发展多元化经济；培养科技人才；提高民族文化素质；科技兴农等，其中控制人口增长是非洲人民面临的最紧迫任务。根据题意。故选：A。

【4】非洲地域辽阔，物产丰富多样，被誉为“富饶大陆”。非洲矿产资源种类多，储量大。金刚石、黄金、铬铁矿、磷酸盐等的储量和产量都居世界首位。故选：D。

考查非洲的地理概况。

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