Humans have observed and explored the oceans since ancient times.But it wasn’t until the 19th century that the scientific study of oceans began.The first major scientific expedition,and the one that firmly established the field of oceanography,was the around-the-world voyage of H.M.S.  Challenger.Setting out from England in 1872,the Challenger spent almost three and a half years gathering a wealth of information about seawater,sea life,and the ocean floor.Major oceanographic expeditions since then have included the South Atlantic voyage of the German ship Meteor in 1926 and the Deep-Sea Drilling Project from 1968 to 1983.Many individuals also have played important roles in advancing our understanding of oceans,beginning with Matthew Fontaine Maury in the mid-1800s;his work on oceanography and navigation led to a uniform system of weather reporting at sea.Since Maury’s time,oceanography has progressed rapidly.Early oceanographers had to contend themselves with tossing buckets overboard to see what they might haul in.Today’s oceanographers are equipped with space images,supercomputer models,and deep-sea robots that can crawl along the seafloor.As they set goals for the future,some oceanographers even dream of doing research in permanently manned stations on the bottom of the oceans.

1.Which of the following statements is true?

2.How many expeditions are mentioned in this passage?

3.What can we infer from the passage?

短文填词。(共l0小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示；2)首字母提示；3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上。所填单词要求意义准确、拼写正确。

Sixteen years ago,Charles was a college________ (教授)with  76____________

a huge________(六房)house and $2million.Today he lives     77____________

in a small d_________room where there is only              78____________

_________(二手的)furniture.There are certainly no           79______________

s______that Charles was a                                80______________

_________（百万富翁）！There is a small garden            81______________

o__________ with a few fruit trees.Charles                82______________

__________ (种植)some vegetables and flowers.             83______________

He gets his c__________and a lot of things from           84______________

c________shops.                                        85______________

书面表达：（25分）

你的朋友杰克写信给你叙述了以下内容：1.他发现现在很多学生很自私，不在乎友谊。2.他觉得父母与老师不理解他。3.他发现生活没有乐趣。看到他的信你很着急，作为好朋友请以汤姆的身份给他写一封回信。字数：120字。

Every possible means _______ to prevent the crash , but the computer doesn’t still work．

______ students up to 2, 000 , the school has built another laboratory．

It is clear that a computer works ______ faster than an abacus .

--- What do you think of the good news ?

--- Wonderful !．It makes us ____．Most of us were ____about it and _____ looks appeared on their faces．

--- He has never learned French．

---- __________．

--- Did you went to India as planned ?

--- No , we _____________________

--- What are you going to do this weekend ?

--- I’m thinking of finishing _____ the English book bought in Being．One learns English by reading and _______ .